Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
View Drug Analysis Profile
Browse all Drug Analysis Profiles A–Z
Browse all iDAP reports
Interactive Drug Analysis Profiles for all medicines
Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
Search EudraVigilance database
Browse substances A–Z in the European adverse reaction database
About EudraVigilance
Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring
EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & safety information
Official UK regulator monitoring and safety alerts
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF code shown is the factual mapping value distributed by NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) in the dm+d supplementary file under OGL v3.0; it is not affiliated with, nor licensed from, the publishers of the British National Formulary.
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing the 50 most relevant studies.
Reviews & meta-analyses: 7 · Randomised trials: 2 · 2002–2026
Showing the 50 most relevant studies, sorted by most relevant.
Claudia-Crina Toma, Mariangela Marrelli, Monica Puticiu, et al.
Plants, 2024
Ping Luo, Xu Feng, Shao Liu, et al.
Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 2024
K. Lingaraju, H. R. Naika, K. Manjunath, et al.
Applied Nanoscience, 2016
Pilanghu Reshma, Chintamani Nayak, Divya Bhardwaj, et al.
Mendeley Data, 2026
Sana Shahid, Shubhamoy Ghosh, Ardhendu Shekhar Chakraborty, et al.
Homeopathy, 2021
- Homeopathy
- Materia Medica
- Fasciitis, Plantar
Abhilasha Dwivedi, R. Verma
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT, 2024
Ruta graveolens L. (commonly known as ‘rue’) is an annual herb with beautiful yellow flowers. It has medicinal properties and is used to treat various ailments. It is a rich source of phytochemicals and shows antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Because of its range of medicinal properties, it is called the Cardiac plant. Ruta is being used for medicinal purposes not only in India but also abroad. Ruta is also used in the traditional systems of India like Ayurveda, Homeopathy, and Unani. It is a rich source of phytochemicals and various chemicals present in plants. It shows antimicrobial activity against microbes. Ruta graveolens L. also shows antioxidant activity. Due to overexploitation, medicinal plants are now becoming endangered. Therefore, to save the plants, Plant Tissue Culture plays a very important role. For Ruta, many protocols for plant tissue culture have also been developed to save plant as well as biodiversity.
Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Midhuna K. Poornima P.*
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2026
L. Colucci-D'Amato, G. Cimaglia
Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 2020
S. Pathak, A. Multani, Pratip Banerji, et al.
International journal of oncology, 2003
- Brain Neoplasms
- Cell Separation
- Chromosome Aberrations
Abuzenada BM, Pullishery F, Elnawawy MSA, et al.
2021
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) uses a holistic approach that finds natural solutions that help the immune system to fight off infection and diseases. In conventional medicine, the diseases are treated as a series of symptoms developed and not its actual cause or etiology, but CAM commonly targets the exact cause of the disorder thereby stimulating the body's healing process. This is based on an integrative literature review of methods and techniques used as complementary and alternative approaches for oral health care. A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS. Medicinal plants such as Medicago Sativa, Aloe Barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera), and Trifolium Pratense (Red Clover) have excellent applications in treating gum disorders, prevent tooth decay, and have demonstrated good antifungal activity in the oral cavity. Homeopathic medicines such as Belladonna, Antimonium crudum, and Chamomilla have useful applications in relieving toothache. In Chinese medicine, various acupressure points (Acupuncture) have been used to relieve pain related to tooth, head-and-neck region, sinusitis, etc. Dental professionals can utilize these treatment modalities in their practice along with other conventional procedures as an integrative treatment approach to achieve better outcomes.
Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-SA
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Scientific data (pharmacology, interactions, ADME) is not yet available for this medicine. Clinical sections are sourced from the NHS dm+d database.