Procaine hydrochloride 40mg/2ml solution for injection ampoules
A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action.
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
View Drug Analysis Profile
Suspected adverse reactions reported for Procaine
Browse all iDAP reports
Interactive Drug Analysis Profiles for all medicines
Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
View EudraVigilance report
Suspected adverse reactions reported for Procaine
About EudraVigilance
Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring
EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
3 branded products available
MHRA licensed products
View all licensed products for Procaine on the MHRA register
Procaine hydrochloride 40mg/2ml solution for injection ampoules
Procaine hydrochloride 40mg/2ml solution for injection ampoules
Martindale Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Procaine hydrochloride 40mg/2ml solution for injection ampoules
Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Procaine
Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
NICE clinical guidance(3)
Type 1 diabetes in adults: diagnosis and management (NG17)
Detecting, managing and monitoring haemostasis: viscoelastometric point‑of‑care testing (ROTEM, TEG and Sonoclot systems) (HTG348)
Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in children and young people: diagnosis and management (NG18)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA). ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
140 found
Half-life
7.7 minutes
Mechanism
Procaine acts mainly by inhibiting sodium influx through voltage gated sodium ch…
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
11 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Half-life
7.7 minutes
Metabolism
Elimination
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 50 of 2360 interactions
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
Forms excitatory glycinergic receptor complexes with GluN1 alone which are activated by glycine binding to the GluN1 and GluN3 subunits .
PMID:38598639
GluN3A subunit also binds D-serine (By similarity). Each GluN3 subunit confers differential attributes to channel properties, including activation, deactivation and desensitization kinetics, pH sensitivity, Ca2(+) permeability, and binding to allosteric modulators (By similarity). By competing with GIT1 interaction with ARHGEF7/beta-PIX, may reduce GIT1/ARHGEF7-regulated local activation of RAC1, hence affecting signaling and limiting the maturation and growth of inactive synapses (By similarity)
PMID:10375632 PMID:11093780 PMID:1406597 PMID:15505207 PMID:19478460 PMID:39112701 PMID:39112703 PMID:39112705 PMID:8302271
Also mediates sodium- and chloride-dependent transport of norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline) (By similarity). Regulator of light-dependent retinal hyaloid vessel regression, downstream of OPN5 signaling (By similarity)
PMID:18723036
CHRNA2 forms heteropentameric neuronal acetylcholine receptors with CHRNB2 and CHRNB4 and plays a role in nicotine dependence PMID:24467848 PMID:27493220
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
PMID:10375632 PMID:11093780 PMID:1406597 PMID:15505207 PMID:19478460 PMID:39112701 PMID:39112703 PMID:39112705 PMID:8302271
Also mediates sodium- and chloride-dependent transport of norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline) (By similarity). Regulator of light-dependent retinal hyaloid vessel regression, downstream of OPN5 signaling (By similarity)
PMID:2008212 PMID:8125921 PMID:38750358
Is responsible for norepinephrine re-uptake and clearance from the synaptic cleft, thus playing a crucial role in norepinephrine inactivation and homeostasis (By similarity). Can also mediate sodium- and chloride-dependent transport of dopamine PMID:11093780 PMID:8125921 PMID:39395208 PMID:39048818
PMID:10407194 PMID:12869649 PMID:21730057 PMID:27049939 PMID:27756841 PMID:34851672
Essential for serotonin homeostasis in the central nervous system. In the developing somatosensory cortex, acts in glutamatergic neurons to control serotonin uptake and its trophic functions accounting for proper spatial organization of cortical neurons and elaboration of sensory circuits.
In the mature cortex, acts primarily in brainstem raphe neurons to mediate serotonin uptake from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal thus terminating serotonin signaling at the synapse (By similarity). Modulates mucosal serotonin levels in the gastrointestinal tract through uptake and clearance of serotonin in enterocytes. Required for enteric neurogenesis and gastrointestinal reflexes (By similarity).
Regulates blood serotonin levels by ensuring rapid high affinity uptake of serotonin from plasma to platelets, where it is further stored in dense granules via vesicular monoamine transporters and then released upon stimulation .
PMID:17506858 PMID:18317590
Mechanistically, the transport cycle starts with an outward-open conformation having Na1(+) and Cl(-) sites occupied. The binding of a second extracellular Na2(+) ion and serotonin substrate leads to structural changes to outward-occluded to inward-occluded to inward-open, where the Na2(+) ion and serotonin are released into the cytosol. Binding of intracellular K(+) ion induces conformational transitions to inward-occluded to outward-open and completes the cycle by releasing K(+) possibly together with a proton bound to Asp-98 into the extracellular compartment.
Na1(+) and Cl(-) ions remain bound throughout the transport cycle .
PMID:10407194 PMID:12869649 PMID:21730057 PMID:27049939 PMID:27756841 PMID:34851672
Additionally, displays serotonin-induced channel-like conductance for monovalent cations, mainly Na(+) ions. The channel activity is uncoupled from the transport cycle and may contribute to the membrane resting potential or excitability (By similarity)
ATC N01BA52
ATC C05AD05
ATC S01HA05
ATC N01BA02
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Show
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Procaine
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
8836
ChemSpider
4745
BindingDB
64452
Guide to Pharmacology
4291
ZINC
ZINC000001530757
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10582
GenAtlas
SCN10A
GeneCards
SCN10A
GenBank Gene Database
AF117907
GenBank Protein Database
4838145
Guide to Pharmacology
585
UniProt Accession
SCNAA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:16767
GenAtlas
GRIN3A
GeneCards
GRIN3A
GenBank Gene Database
AJ416950
GenBank Protein Database
20372905
UniProt Accession
NMD3A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5297
GenAtlas
HTR3A
GeneCards
HTR3A
GenBank Gene Database
D49394
GenBank Protein Database
681914
Guide to Pharmacology
373
UniProt Accession
5HT3A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11049
GenAtlas
SLC6A3
GeneCards
SLC6A3
GenBank Gene Database
M96670
GenBank Protein Database
553260
Guide to Pharmacology
927
UniProt Accession
SC6A3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1956
GenAtlas
CHRNA2
GeneCards
CHRNA2
GenBank Gene Database
U62431
GenBank Protein Database
1458110
Guide to Pharmacology
463
UniProt Accession
ACHA2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6284
GenAtlas
KCNMA1
GeneCards
KCNMA1
GenBank Gene Database
U13913
GenBank Protein Database
537439
Guide to Pharmacology
380
UniProt Accession
KCMA1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6285
GeneCards
KCNMB1
GenBank Gene Database
U25138
GenBank Protein Database
1326067
UniProt Accession
KCMB1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6286
GenAtlas
KCNMB2
GeneCards
KCNMB2
GenBank Gene Database
AF099137
UniProt Accession
KCMB2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6287
GeneCards
KCNMB3
GenBank Gene Database
AF139471
GenBank Protein Database
5880671
UniProt Accession
KCMB3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6289
GeneCards
KCNMB4
GenBank Gene Database
AF160967
GenBank Protein Database
7799988
UniProt Accession
KCMB4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6293
GenAtlas
KCNN4
GeneCards
KCNN4
GenBank Gene Database
AF000972
GenBank Protein Database
2584866
Guide to Pharmacology
384
UniProt Accession
KCNN4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6290
GeneCards
KCNN1
GenBank Gene Database
U69883
GenBank Protein Database
1575661
Guide to Pharmacology
381
UniProt Accession
KCNN1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6291
GeneCards
KCNN2
GenBank Gene Database
AF239613
GenBank Protein Database
10334701
Guide to Pharmacology
382
UniProt Accession
KCNN2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6292
GeneCards
KCNN3
GenBank Gene Database
AF031815
GenBank Protein Database
3309531
Guide to Pharmacology
383
UniProt Accession
KCNN3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9035
GenAtlas
PLA2G4A
GeneCards
PLA2G4A
GenBank Gene Database
M72393
GenBank Protein Database
190007
Guide to Pharmacology
1424
UniProt Accession
PA24A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:20123
GeneCards
ASPG
UniProt Accession
LPP60_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6833
GenAtlas
MAOA
GeneCards
MAOA
GenBank Gene Database
M68840
GenBank Protein Database
187353
Guide to Pharmacology
2489
UniProt Accession
AOFA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6834
GenAtlas
MAOB
GeneCards
MAOB
GenBank Gene Database
S62734
GenBank Protein Database
398415
Guide to Pharmacology
2490
UniProt Accession
AOFB_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2976
GenAtlas
DNMT1
GeneCards
DNMT1
GenBank Gene Database
X63692
GenBank Protein Database
1632819
Guide to Pharmacology
2605
UniProt Accession
DNMT1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2978
GeneCards
DNMT3A
UniProt Accession
DNM3A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:983
GenAtlas
BCHE
GeneCards
BCHE
GenBank Gene Database
M32391
GenBank Protein Database
1311630
Guide to Pharmacology
2471
UniProt Accession
CHLE_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11049
GenAtlas
SLC6A3
GeneCards
SLC6A3
GenBank Gene Database
M96670
GenBank Protein Database
553260
Guide to Pharmacology
927
UniProt Accession
SC6A3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11048
GenAtlas
SLC6A2
GeneCards
SLC6A2
GenBank Gene Database
M65105
GenBank Protein Database
189258
Guide to Pharmacology
926
UniProt Accession
SC6A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11050
GenAtlas
SLC6A4
GeneCards
SLC6A4
GenBank Gene Database
X70697
GenBank Protein Database
36433
Guide to Pharmacology
928
UniProt Accession
SC6A4_HUMAN
International reference pricing
Reference pricing from DrugBank. Prices are indicative and may not reflect current UK costs.
Source: DrugBank. Used under CC BY-NC 4.0 academic licence for non-commercial purposes.
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications: