Iodine alcoholic solution

ObjectiveTo investigate whether oral treatment with 12.5 mg iodine additional to standard of care is effective in reducing mortality and clinical deterioration of patients hospitalized with COVID-19.MethodsWe performed a single center, randomized clinical trial (EudraCT 2020-001852-16) in which patients with severe covid-19 in need of hospitalization were randomized in two groups. The first group received 12.5 mg oral iodine for 8 days, the second group did not receive iodine next to the standard of care. Primary endpoints were deterioration of disease defined as transfer from the ward to the intensive care unit (ICU) or death. Next to these parameters we collected parameters in line with the recommendations made by the WHO in the early days of the pandemic. On these additional datasets we performed an exploratory analysis and investigated possible confounders and trends. The inclusion phase of the study was between October 2020 and April 2022. Finally, in vitro validations were performed.ResultsOutcomes from 141 participants were analyzed, revealing no significant differences in mortality or transfers to intensive care between the iodine-treated group (67 patients) and the control group (74 patients). In an exploratory analysis we found that patients randomized to receive oral iodine had a significantly shorter stay at the ICU (p = 0.016). In vitro validations proved increased virus-induced type I interferon responses upon iodine administration in pulmonary cells.ConclusionThese findings suggest that while iodine does not reduce mortality or ICU admissions, it may enhance antiviral immunity through increased type I interferon responses, contributing to shorter ICU stays in COVID-19 patients. The role of iodine in enhancing IFN-I mediated antiviral immunity warrants future research. Registration of trial: EudraCT Number: 2020-001852-16. https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2020-001852-16 Sponsor name: Maxima Medical Center. Date of Registration: April 1st 2020.

Abstract licence: CC BY

BackgroundDuring lambing, 10% iodine is often used to protect neonatal navel and ear tag sites. The evidence for its effectiveness is sparse. Recently, a specific navel barrier solution (NBS) was developed. Here, an in vivo field trial compared the two treatments.MethodsTen farms reported data from 6840 lambs. The navel and ear tag sites of alternate lambs were treated with usual care-iodine or NBS. Usual care-iodine was 10% iodine for all navels and for most ear tag sites.ResultsMortality was 8.36% for the usual care-iodine group and 9.34% for the sub-group where only iodine was used for navel and ear tag sites. It was 6.51% for NBS (p LimitationsFor practical implementation, the study was non-blinded and pseudorandomised. Non-appearance of a lamb at the week 8 weighing event was taken as a sensitive and objective proxy for death.ConclusionOptimal navel and ear tag site application during lambing efficiently protects against neonatal deaths. NBS is superior to 10% iodine, and dipping outperforms spraying for improvement of lamb survival.

Abstract licence: CC BY

Iodine is widely acknowledged for its potent antimicrobial properties. However, its clinical utility is often hampered by its unsatisfactory stability, uncontrolled release of active iodine and toxicity in moist environments. In this study, we report a novel iodine-containing hydrogel (I2@Nap-FFGP) designed for sustained iodine delivery under humid physiological and pathological conditions. I2@Nap-FFGP was fabricated using a self-assembling peptide-based hydrogel containing a proline motif to form a stable iodine complex. The resulting hydrogel exhibited excellent biocompatibility and robust antibacterial effect, it significantly inhibited bacteria-associated endometrial infections in mice and effectively alleviated inflammation. Moreover, the hydrogel successfully restored endometrial architecture and function. Notably, I2@Nap-FFGP remarkably improved pregnancy rates in mice with endometritis owing to its therapeutic effects. Our findings highlight the potential of this innovative hydrogel system for stable iodine application under humid and aqueous physiological conditions, offering a promising platform for future antibacterial therapies in clinical settings.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Given the important role of iodine resources in chemical industry application and the scarcity of geogenic iodine resources, sustainable access to iodine resources has become increasingly crucial. Seawater is the largest iodine reservoir on Earth, but efficient chemical methods for recovering iodine from seawater are still lacking. Concurrently, the remediation of radioactive iodine pollution in seawater, caused by nuclear accident, remains a great challenge. Supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) are considered promising candidates for the recovery of aqueous iodine. However, currently available SOF adsorbents lack sufficient iodine storage space, resulting in low iodine adsorption capacity. Herein, we developed a 3-dimensional (3D) SOF, named SOF-HTNI, via the self-assembly of 2 adjustable compounds, including the internal amine bond-rotatable 5-(bis(4-carboxybenzyl)amino)isophthalic acid (HT) and the configuration-transformable 4,4'-[1,4-phenylenedi-(1E)-2,1-ethenediyl]bis-pyridine (NI), for highly efficient iodine recovery from seawater. Due to the rigid support and the formation of hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions between the compounds, interconnected 1D channels and 2D interlayer nanospaces are constructed within SOF-HTNI, providing abundant flexible spaces for iodine storage. By combining the charge interaction of the amine and pyridyl groups from the compounds with the binding ability of aromatic rings, SOF-HTNI achieves impressive iodine adsorption capacities of 436.56 mg g-1 to iodide and 5.03 g g-1 to triiodide. Notably, SOF-HTNI realizes a high iodine capture capacity of 46 mg g-1 in natural seawater, 40 times greater than that of seaweed. These findings make SOF-HTNI a highly promising material for iodine pollution treatment and iodine resource recovery in seawater.

Abstract licence: CC BY

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to synthesize and comprehensively characterize a novel iodine-containing coordination compound, di-aminopropionic acid hydrogen tri-iodide. This involves determining its structural, physicochemical, and thermal properties, as well as evaluating its antimicrobial activity against a range of bacterial strains, including multidrug-resistant pathogens. The aim is to explore the potential of this compound as a candidate for developing new antibacterial agents to address the challenge of antibiotic resistance.ResultsAn original iodine-containing semiorganic coordination compound was synthesized and characterized. The physicochemical properties were studied via diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC). In vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation was performed using two-fold serial dilution method. The obtained results demonstrated efficiency against both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii) bacteria including MDR strains that cause infectious disease. The results of the antibacterial evaluation revealed that the new iodine coordination compound - di-aminopropionic acid hydrogen tri-iodide possesses high bactericidal properties and exhibits better antimicrobial activity against both susceptible and multidrug-resistant strains than does Lugol solution and ampicillin sodium, which are used as reference drugs.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Aqueous Zn-I flow batteries are attractive for grid storage owing to their inherent safety, high energy density, and cost-effectiveness. However, Zn anode deposition/dissolution reactions cause severe water migration owing to ionic imbalance, especially under harsh conditions with high state-of-charge and high areal/volumetric capacities, further exacerbating intrinsic challenges for practical Zn-I systems. Herein, we develop a tailored ionic-molecular sieve membrane to regulate the transport behaviors of water/hydrated ion clusters, enabling the electrolyte balance by precise size sieving effects. Systematic investigations of different subnanometer pore sizes reveal that the optimal range (0.55-0.65 nm) can selectively intercept large hydrated ion clusters and reduce polyiodide shuttling. In this way, Zn-I flow batteries with this membrane exhibit a stable cycling over 2000 h (500 cycles) under harsh conditions (50% state-of-charge), achieving 66.4 mAh cm-2/53.2 Ah L-1posolyte/27.66 Wh L-1system. This systems also deliver a low self-discharging rate, retaining a high Coulombic efficiency of 98.5% after 3 days static flow. Furthermore, techno-economic cost analysis reveals a competitive levelized cost of long-term energy storage for systems incorporating this membrane (551.98 USD MWh-1 at an energy-to-power ratio of 18 h). This work offers insights into controlling water transport behaviors for realizing long-life flow batteries.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND