Insulin protamine zinc bovine 100units/ml suspension for injection 10ml vials
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Hypurin Bovine Protamine Zinc 100units/ml suspension for injection 10ml vials
WHO defined daily dose (DDD)
40 unit
Not a recommended dose. The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. It is a statistical measure used for research and comparison purposes only.
Source: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, distributed via the NHS dm+d supplementary mapping files (NHSBSA). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
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SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing the 50 most relevant studies.
Reviews & meta-analyses: 14 · Randomised trials: 1 · 1975–2026
Showing the 50 most relevant studies, sorted by most relevant.
Hans‐Jacob Bangstad, Thomas Danne, Larry C. Deeb, et al.
Pediatric Diabetes, 2009
- Absorption
- Insulin Glargine
- Hypoglycemic Agents
Joseph M. Tibaldi
Advances in Therapy, 2012
- Blood Glucose
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Hypoglycemia
Bzowyckyj AS, Stahnke AM
2018
N. Herawati *, , S. Suzuki, K. Hayashi, I. F. Rivai
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2000
Singh AK, Gangopadhyay KK
2014
Julia Steinberger, Antoinette Moran, Ching-Ping Hong, et al.
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2001
Mulham Alfatama, Hazem Choukaife, Hamzeh Alkhatib, et al.
Nanotechnology Reviews, 2024
Vecchio I, Tornali C, Bragazzi NL, et al.
2018
The discovery of insulin represents an authentic breakthrough, characterized, at the same time, by contrasts, controversies and disputes among scholars, as well as by great disappointments, failures and hopes. It is the story of famous, almost famous and little known people, of serendipities, discoveries and re-discoveries. The discovery of insulin has been a milestone and has truly revolutionized both the therapy and the prognosis of the diabetes, one of the diseases most studied in the history of medicine, whose first mentions trace back to a collection of ancient Egyptian, Indian and Chinese textbooks. As stated by Colwell, the introduction of insulin has heralded the end of the so-called "pre-insulin era" or "frustration era", paving the way for a new era and clinical advancements. The current review offers a broad, comprehensive overview of main steps culminating into insulin discovery, including recent advancements such as personalized and individualized insulin therapy.
Abstract licence: CC BY
Martina Crivellari, Giovanni Landoni, Jacopo D’Andria Ursoleo, et al.
Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 2024
- Anticoagulants
- Heparin
- Heparin Antagonists
Ruseska I, Fresacher K, Petschacher C, et al.
2021
Macromolecular biomolecules are currently dethroning classical small molecule therapeutics because of their improved targeting and delivery properties. Protamine-a small polycationic peptide-represents a promising candidate. In nature, it binds and protects DNA against degradation during spermatogenesis due to electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged DNA-phosphate backbone and the positively charged protamine. Researchers are mimicking this technique to develop innovative nanopharmaceutical drug delivery systems, incorporating protamine as a carrier for biologically active components such as DNA or RNA. The first part of this review highlights ongoing investigations in the field of protamine-associated nanotechnology, discussing the self-assembling manufacturing process and nanoparticle engineering. Immune-modulating properties of protamine are those that lead to the second key part, which is protamine in novel vaccine technologies. Protamine-based RNA delivery systems in vaccines (some belong to the new class of mRNA-vaccines) against infectious disease and their use in cancer treatment are reviewed, and we provide an update on the current state of latest developments with protamine as pharmaceutical excipient for vaccines.
Abstract licence: CC BY
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Scientific data (pharmacology, interactions, ADME) is not yet available for this medicine. Clinical sections are sourced from the NHS dm+d database.