Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Fructose
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
4 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
NICE clinical guidance(4)
Golimumab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (TA220)
Golimumab for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis after the failure of previous disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (TA225)
Reversal of the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran: idarucizumab (ESNM73)
Dementia, disability and frailty in later life – mid-life approaches to delay or prevent onset (NG16)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & safety information
Official UK regulator monitoring and safety alerts
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF code shown is the factual mapping value distributed by NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) in the dm+d supplementary file under OGL v3.0; it is not affiliated with, nor licensed from, the publishers of the British National Formulary. ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing the 50 most relevant studies.
Reviews & meta-analyses: 31 · Randomised trials: 1 · 2002–2026
Showing the 50 most relevant studies, sorted by most relevant.
Mei Chung, Jiantao Ma, Kamal Patel, et al.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2014
- Evidence-Based Medicine
- Energy Intake
- Fructose
S. Chiu, J. Sievenpiper, R. D. de Souza, et al.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2014
R. Kelishadi, M. Mansourian, M. Heidari-Beni
Nutrition, 2014
D. David Wang, J. Sievenpiper, R. D. de Souza, et al.
Atherosclerosis, 2014
J. Jamnik, S. Rehman, S. Blanco Mejia, et al.
BMJ Open, 2016
Bettina Geidl-Flueck, M. Hochuli, Ágota Németh, et al.
Journal of hepatology, 2021
C. Toop, S. Gentili
Nutrients, 2016
L. Chiavaroli, R. D. de Souza, V. Ha, et al.
Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, 2015
Thomas Jensen, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Shelby Sullivan, et al.
Journal of Hepatology, 2018
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Sugars
- Beverages
Samir Softic, David E. Cohen, C. Ronald Kahn
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2016
- Diet
- Fructose
- Liver
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
Not available
Mechanism
Not available
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
1 target
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:12574506 PMID:15182206 PMID:8794732 PMID:9323207 PMID:9543008 PMID:9576908
Cleaves P(1)-P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate (Ap3A) to yield AMP and ADP .
PMID:12574506 PMID:15182206 PMID:8794732 PMID:9323207 PMID:9543008 PMID:9576908
Can also hydrolyze P(1)-P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate (Ap4A), but has extremely low activity with ATP .
PMID:8794732
Exhibits adenylylsulfatase activity, hydrolyzing adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to yield AMP and sulfate .
PMID:18694747
Exhibits adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase activity, hydrolyzing purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group such as adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2) to yield AMP and NH2 .
PMID:18694747
Exhibits adenylylsulfate-ammonia adenylyltransferase, catalyzing the ammonolysis of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate resulting in the formation of adenosine 5'-phosphoramidate .
PMID:26181368
Also catalyzes the ammonolysis of adenosine 5-phosphorofluoridate and diadenosine triphosphate .
PMID:26181368
Modulates transcriptional activation by CTNNB1 and thereby contributes to regulate the expression of genes essential for cell proliferation and survival, such as CCND1 and BIRC5 .
PMID:18077326
Plays a role in the induction of apoptosis via SRC and AKT1 signaling pathways .
PMID:16407838
Inhibits MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53/TP53 and thereby plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis .
PMID:15313915
Induction of apoptosis depends on the ability of FHIT to bind P(1)-P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate or related compounds, but does not require its catalytic activity, it may in part come from the mitochondrial form, which sensitizes the low-affinity Ca(2+) transporters, enhancing mitochondrial calcium uptake .
PMID:12574506 PMID:19622739
Functions as a tumor suppressor (By similarity)
ATC V06DC02
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Fructose
Additional database identifiers
ChemSpider
388644
PDB
LFR
GenBank Gene Database
M26131
UniProt Accession
LAMB_ECOLI
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3701
GenAtlas
FHIT
GeneCards
FHIT
GenBank Gene Database
U46922
GenBank Protein Database
1203836
UniProt Accession
FHIT_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:
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Structured knowledge from the free knowledge base
Molecular structure
ATC classifications (Wikidata)
Linked open data from Wikidata (Q122043), a free and open knowledge base operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Data is available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication. Molecular structure images from Wikimedia Commons.