Chlortetracycline 1% eye ointment
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Chlortetracycline is a <em>tetracycline</em> antibiotic, and historically the first member of this class to be identified.
Safety information for pregnancy and breastfeeding
Pregnancy
Always consult your doctor or midwife before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Source: DrugBank (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Chlortetracycline
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Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Chlortetracycline
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Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring
EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
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Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & safety information
Official UK regulator monitoring and safety alerts
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF code shown is the factual mapping value distributed by NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) in the dm+d supplementary file under OGL v3.0; it is not affiliated with, nor licensed from, the publishers of the British National Formulary. ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing the 50 most relevant studies.
Reviews & meta-analyses: 1 · 1956–2026
Showing the 50 most relevant studies, sorted by most relevant.
Cynthia R. Ward, Bayard T. Storey
Developmental Biology, 1984
- Sperm Capacitation
- Acrosome
- Chlortetracycline
A.L. Cinquina, Francesca Longo, G. Anastasi, et al.
Journal of Chromatography A, 2003
- Cattle
- Chlortetracycline
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
W.M.C. Maxwell, Lawrence A. Johnson
Molecular Reproduction and Development, 1997
- Semen Preservation
- Cryopreservation
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
Junying Zhu, Daniel D. Snow, David A. Cassada, et al.
Journal of Chromatography A, 2001
- Chlortetracycline
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Oxytetracycline
Michael A. Lee, Giuliana S. Trucco, Kathleen B. Bechtol, et al.
Fertility and Sterility, 1987
- Chlortetracycline
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Sperm Capacitation
Mehrdad Taheran, Mitra Naghdi, Satinder Kaur Brar, et al.
The Science of The Total Environment, 2017
M. Di Stefano, Malservisi, Veneto, et al.
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2000
- Rifaximin
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Bacterial Infections
S. DasGupta, Carla Mills, L. R. Fraser
Reproduction, 1993
- Chlortetracycline
- Fertility
- Calcimycin
Mingyi Liu, Hanchun Chen, Pengfei Xiao, et al.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2023
Yanni Chen, Dezhao Kong, Liqiang Liu, et al.
Food Analytical Methods, 2015
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
5.6 hours
Mechanism
Chlortetracycline, like other tetracyclines, competes for the A site of the bacterial ribosome [T28].
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
4 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
3 hours
[A1424]
Its oral bioavailability is 25-30%.
Half-life
5.6 hours
[A1424]
Protein binding
50-55%
[A1424]
Volume of distribution
[A1424]
Metabolism
[A1424]
Elimination
[A1424]
Renal function does not appear to affect the rate of elimination.
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 50 of 352 interactions
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
[A1424]
Its oral bioavailability is 25-30%.
[A1424]
[A1424]
[A1424]
[A1424]
[A1424]
Renal function does not appear to affect the rate of elimination.
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:8253837
Modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi complex .
PMID:8253837
In its GTP-bound form, triggers the recruitment of coatomer proteins to the Golgi membrane .
PMID:8253837
The hydrolysis of ARF1-bound GTP, which is mediated by ARFGAPs proteins, is required for dissociation of coat proteins from Golgi membranes and vesicles .
PMID:8253837
The GTP-bound form interacts with PICK1 to limit PICK1-mediated inhibition of Arp2/3 complex activity; the function is linked to AMPA receptor (AMPAR) trafficking, regulation of synaptic plasticity of excitatory synapses and spine shrinkage during long-term depression (LTD) (By similarity). Plays a key role in the regulation of intestinal stem cells and gut microbiota, and is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis (By similarity). Also plays a critical role in mast cell expansion but not in mast cell maturation by facilitating optimal mTORC1 activation (By similarity)
During nervous system development, regulates retinal axon guidance redirecting ipsilaterally ventrotemporal retinal ganglion cells axons at the optic chiasm midline. This probably requires repulsive interaction with EFNB2. In the adult nervous system together with EFNB3, regulates chemotaxis, proliferation and polarity of the hippocampus neural progenitors.
In addition to its role in axon guidance also plays an important redundant role with other ephrin-B receptors in development and maturation of dendritic spines and synapse formation. May also regulate angiogenesis. More generally, may play a role in targeted cell migration and adhesion.
Upon activation by EFNB1 and probably other ephrin-B ligands activates the MAPK/ERK and the JNK signaling cascades to regulate cell migration and adhesion respectively. Involved in the maintenance of the pool of satellite cells (muscle stem cells) by promoting their self-renewal and reducing their activation and differentiation (By similarity)
PMID:15339660 PMID:15345777 PMID:16567635 PMID:21245532
Citrullinates histone H1 at 'Arg-54' (to form H1R54ci), histone H3 at 'Arg-2', 'Arg-8', 'Arg-17' and/or 'Arg-26' (to form H3R2ci, H3R8ci, H3R17ci, H3R26ci, respectively) and histone H4 at 'Arg-3' (to form H4R3ci) .
PMID:15339660 PMID:15345777 PMID:16567635 PMID:21245532
Acts as a key regulator of stem cell maintenance by mediating citrullination of histone H1: citrullination of 'Arg-54' of histone H1 (H1R54ci) results in H1 displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance .
PMID:15339660 PMID:15345777 PMID:16567635 PMID:21245532
Promotes profound chromatin decondensation during the innate immune response to infection in neutrophils by mediating formation of H1R54ci .
PMID:18209087
Required for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation (By similarity). Citrullination of histone H3 prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2/PRMT1 and represses transcription .
PMID:15345777
Citrullinates EP300/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1 PMID:15731352
Proteins that carry this drug through the body
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).
Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).
Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017
ATC D06AA02
ATC S01AA02
ATC J01AA03
ATC J01AA20
ATC A01AB21
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Chlortetracycline
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
8671
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
8668
ChemSpider
10469370
PDB
CTC
ZINC
ZINC000019701769
UniProt Accession
RS3_ECOLI
UniProt Accession
RS8_ECOLI
GenBank Gene Database
X02613
GenBank Protein Database
42826
UniProt Accession
RS19_ECOLI
GenBank Gene Database
X01563
GenBank Protein Database
809690
UniProt Accession
RS14_ECOLI
UniProt Accession
RS7_ECOLI
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:652
GeneCards
ARF1
GenBank Gene Database
M36340
GenBank Protein Database
178983
UniProt Accession
ARF1_HUMAN
GenBank Gene Database
AJ438208
GenBank Protein Database
19571548
UniProt Accession
CATA_MICLU
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3392
GeneCards
EPHB1
Guide to Pharmacology
1830
UniProt Accession
EPHB1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9155
GenAtlas
PNLIP
GeneCards
PNLIP
GenBank Gene Database
J05125
GenBank Protein Database
339597
Guide to Pharmacology
2590
UniProt Accession
LIPP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:18368
GenAtlas
PADI4
GeneCards
PADI4
GenBank Gene Database
AB017919
GenBank Protein Database
5913971
Guide to Pharmacology
2877
UniProt Accession
PADI4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:399
GenAtlas
ALB
GeneCards
ALB
GenBank Gene Database
V00494
GenBank Protein Database
28590
UniProt Accession
ALBU_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:
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Structured knowledge from the free knowledge base
Linked open data from Wikidata (Q417948), a free and open knowledge base operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Data is available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication. WHO INN from the World Health Organization.