Undecenoic acid 2% / Dibrompropamidine isetionate 0.15% cream

Biobased polyesters, recyclable sustainable polymers derived from renewable feedstock, are promising alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. The crystallization behavior, crystal structure, and supramolecular structures of a series of biobased long-chain aliphatic polyesters, consisting of a diester of 10-undecenoic acid with isosorbide (IS), isomannide (IM), and butanediol (BD) as the midsegments, were studied by various scattering methods and Raman spectroscopy. Polyesters containing butanediol-type midsegments (C18BD) participated in the crystallization by being incorporated into the orthorhombic polyethylene crystal lamellae. The polyesters containing isosorbide- and isomannide-type midsegments (C18IS, C18IM) were excluded from the crystal lamellae and inhibited the formation of orthorhombic crystals; the lamellar thickness was thus determined by the length of the methylene chains between the midsegments. An introduction of these midsegments (IS, IM) led to formation of some loose structures even in the molten state; acceleration of the nucleation led to a heterogeneous nucleation-like crystallization behavior, and the final spherulite size was finer.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Recent advancements in polymer materials have enabled the synthesis of bio-based monomers from renewable resources, promoting sustainable alternatives to fossil-based materials. This study presents a novel zwitterionic surfactant, SF, derived from 10-undecenoic acid obtained from castor oil through a four-step reaction, achieving a yield of 78%. SF has a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 1235 mg/L, slightly higher than the commercial anionic surfactant Rhodacal DS-4 (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), and effectively stabilizes monomer droplets, leading to excellent conversion and stable latex formation. The zwitterionic groups in SF enhance adhesion to hydrophilic substrates (glass, stainless steel, and skin). Films produced with SF exhibit outstanding water resistance, with only 18.48% water uptake after 1800 min, compared to 81% for the control using Rhodacal DS-4. Notably, SF maintains low water uptake across various concentrations, minimizing water penetration. Thus, the synthesized SF demonstrates improved adhesive properties and excellent water resistance in emulsion polymerization applications, highlighting its potential as a sustainable, high-performance alternative to petrochemical surfactants.

Abstract licence: CC BY