Tolnaftate 1% dry powder spray

Abstract Objectives Tolnaftate (TOL) is used as a topical antifungal agent but has poor skin penetration. Therefore, the present study is designed to formulate an ethosomal gel of TOL to enhance drug penetration through the skin. Methods Using the cold method ethosomal formulations with different concentrations of ethanol and soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC) were formulated. The formulation of ethosomes was characterized by vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential, % drug entrapment efficiency (EE), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimized ethosomal formula was incorporated in a 1% Carbopol hydrogel dosage. Evaluation of in vitro penetration of prepared gel was performed on goat skin using Franz diffusion cells and compared with conventional gel. Result The ethosomal formulation EF5 showed the highest % EE (76.82%) with a small vesicle size of 210.1 nm and was selected as the optimized formulation. The SEM result shows that the vesicles were spherical, smooth, and in the 200-nm range. In vitro, permeability study shows that steady-state flux of TOL from ethosomal and conventional gels were 6.667 and 3.685 µg/cm/h, respectively (p < 0.001). It indicated that the flux of Ethosomal hydrogel (EHG) is 2.0-fold higher than conventional hydrogel (CHG); this may be due to the flexible nature of ethosomes and ethosomal core containing ethanol, which dissolves the lipid bilayer of skin and overcomes the barrier. In vitro, an antifungal study shows that the incorporation of TOL in ethosomal hydrogel retains their activity. Conclusion From the results, it was concluded that TOL topical ethosomal gel for antifungal activity will possibly be a good choice.

Abstract licence: CC BY 4.0

The current study’s objective was to formulate and evaluate a liposomal cream containing tolnaftate in order to improve the drug’s bioavailability. Tolnaftate is a drug having low permeability which results in decreased drug absorption and so is the bioavailability. To overcome these problems tolnaftate is incorporated in liposomes. Liposome vesicular drug delivery system was preferred due to its greater solubility, permeability and bioavailability. It carries a substantial amount of drug which increased the drug’s penetration. The liposomes were prepared using a variety of phospholipids, specifically soy lecithin and egg phosphatidylcholine in varying ratios. Liposomes were prepared by ethanol injection method and evaluated for morphology, percentage practical yield, percentage entrapment efficiency, drug content and in-vitro drug release study. The formulation with the best result according to the evaluation parameters was F2 with greater percentage drug entrapment, drug content and in-vitro drug release was considered to be optimized formulation and this F2 formulation was further evaluated by SEM, DSC and XRD. Liposomal cream was formulated using the optimized formulation. Spreadability, Viscocity, pH measurement and in-vitro drug release were evaluated for liposomal cream. Formulation F2 and optimized liposomal cream formulation showed in-vitro drug release of 92.44% and 77.48% respectively at the end of 8th hour. Keywords: Tolnaftate, liposomes, SEM, DSC, XRD

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC 4.0