Taurine 500mg capsules
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Taurine, whose chemical name is 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is one of the most abundant amino acids in several organs.
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Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Taurine
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Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
7 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Taurine
Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
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Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
0.7-1.4 h
Mechanism
The diet supplements containing taurine function by replacing the missing nutriments in the body.
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
7 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
1-30 mg/k
Half-life
0.7-1.4 h
[A31400]
Protein binding
[A31405]
Volume of distribution
299-353 ml
Metabolism
Elimination
Clearance
1 mg/k
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
[A31406]
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
[A31399]
Further studies in healthy individuals gave an AUC, Cmax and tmax in the range of 116-284.5 mg h/L, 59-112.6 mg/L and 1-2.5 h.
[A31400]
[A31400]
[A31405]
[A31399]
Further studies in healthy indivudals gave a volume of distribution that ranged from 19.8 to 40.7 L.
[A31400]
[L1060]
[A31404]
[A31399]
Further studies in healthy individuals generate a clearance rate that ranged from 14 to 34.4 L/h.
[A31400]
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:24272827 PMID:24863970 PMID:26875626 PMID:26919761 PMID:27839871 PMID:28095420 PMID:28126851 PMID:38538865 PMID:8768735
Participates in synaptic plasticity for learning and memory formation by contributing to the long-term depression (LTD) of hippocampus membrane currents (By similarity). Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter L-glutamate to the GluN2 subunit, glycine or D-serine binding to the GluN1 subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+) .
PMID:24272827 PMID:24863970 PMID:26875626 PMID:26919761 PMID:27839871 PMID:28095420 PMID:28126851 PMID:38538865 PMID:8768735
NMDARs mediate simultaneously the potasium efflux and the influx of calcium and sodium (By similarity). Each GluN2 subunit confers differential attributes to channel properties, including activation, deactivation and desensitization kinetics, pH sensitivity, Ca2(+) permeability, and binding to allosteric modulators .
PMID:26875626 PMID:28095420 PMID:28126851 PMID:38538865 PMID:8768735
In concert with DAPK1 at extrasynaptic sites, acts as a central mediator for stroke damage.
Its phosphorylation at Ser-1303 by DAPK1 enhances synaptic NMDA receptor channel activity inducing injurious Ca2+ influx through them, resulting in an irreversible neuronal death (By similarity)
PMID:10449790 PMID:16412217
GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interfaces (By similarity). When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient PMID:10449790 PMID:16412217
PMID:15617512 PMID:18165688 PMID:22660477 PMID:24305054 PMID:36103875 PMID:9872316 PMID:9872744
Within the heterodimeric GABA receptor, only GABBR1 seems to bind agonists, while GABBR2 mediates coupling to G proteins .
PMID:18165688
Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase .
PMID:10075644 PMID:10773016 PMID:10906333 PMID:24305054 PMID:9872744
Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-dependent calcium-channels and modulates inositol phospholipid hydrolysis .
PMID:10075644
Calcium is required for high affinity binding to GABA (By similarity). Plays a critical role in the fine-tuning of inhibitory synaptic transmission .
PMID:9844003
Pre-synaptic GABA receptor inhibits neurotransmitter release by down-regulating high-voltage activated calcium channels, whereas postsynaptic GABA receptor decreases neuronal excitability by activating a prominent inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) conductance that underlies the late inhibitory postsynaptic potentials .
PMID:10075644 PMID:22660477 PMID:9844003 PMID:9872316 PMID:9872744
Not only implicated in synaptic inhibition but also in hippocampal long-term potentiation, slow wave sleep, muscle relaxation and antinociception (Probable). Activated by (-)-baclofen, cgp27492 and blocked by phaclofen PMID:24305054 PMID:9844003 PMID:9872316
PMID:14551753 PMID:23994010 PMID:25730860 PMID:37821459
Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability .
PMID:8298642 PMID:9009272
Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents .
PMID:25445488
Channel activity is potentiated by ethanol .
PMID:25973519
Potentiation of channel activity by intoxicating levels of ethanol contribute to the sedative effects of ethanol (By similarity)
PMID:11929858 PMID:15302677 PMID:16144831 PMID:22715885 PMID:23238346 PMID:25445488 PMID:34473954 PMID:8717357
Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability .
PMID:11929858 PMID:23238346
Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents PMID:25445488
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
PMID:12527723 PMID:12809675 PMID:19549785
May be involved in the efflux from the lysosomal compartment of neutral amino acids resulting from proteolysis (By similarity). May play a role in specifying sites for exocytosis in neurons (By similarity)
PMID:31345061 PMID:31903486 PMID:8010975 PMID:8382624 PMID:8654117
Mediates transport of beta-alanine .
PMID:8010975
Can also mediate transport of hypotaurine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (By similarity)
PMID:15521010 PMID:18367661 PMID:19685173 PMID:26320580 PMID:7896779 PMID:8914574 PMID:9835627
Primarily responsible for the absorption of dietary di- and tripeptides from the small intestinal lumen (By similarity). Mediates transepithelial transport of muramyl and N-formylated bacterial dipeptides contributing to recognition of pathogenic bacteria by the mucosal immune system PMID:15521010 PMID:9835627
Involved compounds
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Taurine
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
1366
ChemSpider
1091
BindingDB
50357220
PDB
TAU
Guide to Pharmacology
2379
ZINC
ZINC000003809490
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4586
GenAtlas
GRIN2B
GeneCards
GRIN2B
GenBank Gene Database
U90278
GenBank Protein Database
1899202
Guide to Pharmacology
457
UniProt Accession
NMDE2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4075
GenAtlas
GABRA1
GeneCards
GABRA1
GenBank Gene Database
X13584
GenBank Protein Database
31631
Guide to Pharmacology
404
UniProt Accession
GBRA1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4076
GenAtlas
GABRA2
GeneCards
GABRA2
GenBank Gene Database
S62907
GenBank Protein Database
386422
Guide to Pharmacology
405
UniProt Accession
GBRA2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4077
GenAtlas
GABRA3
GeneCards
GABRA3
GenBank Gene Database
S62908
GenBank Protein Database
386424
Guide to Pharmacology
406
UniProt Accession
GBRA3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4078
GenAtlas
GABRA4
GeneCards
GABRA4
GenBank Gene Database
U30461
GenBank Protein Database
905393
Guide to Pharmacology
407
UniProt Accession
GBRA4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4079
GenAtlas
GABRA5
GeneCards
GABRA5
GenBank Gene Database
L08485
GenBank Protein Database
182916
Guide to Pharmacology
408
UniProt Accession
GBRA5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4080
GenAtlas
GABRA6
GeneCards
GABRA6
GenBank Gene Database
S81944
GenBank Protein Database
1470364
Guide to Pharmacology
409
UniProt Accession
GBRA6_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4081
GenAtlas
GABRB1
GeneCards
GABRB1
GenBank Gene Database
X14767
GenBank Protein Database
31635
UniProt Accession
GBRB1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4082
GenAtlas
GABRB2
GeneCards
GABRB2
GenBank Gene Database
S67368
GenBank Protein Database
455946
UniProt Accession
GBRB2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4083
GenAtlas
GABRB3
GeneCards
GABRB3
GenBank Gene Database
M82919
GenBank Protein Database
182925
Guide to Pharmacology
412
UniProt Accession
GBRB3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4084
GeneCards
GABRD
GenBank Gene Database
AF016917
GenBank Protein Database
2388693
UniProt Accession
GBRD_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4085
GeneCards
GABRE
GenBank Gene Database
U66661
GenBank Protein Database
1857126
UniProt Accession
GBRE_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4086
GeneCards
GABRG1
GenBank Gene Database
AK122845
GenBank Protein Database
193783776
UniProt Accession
GBRG1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4087
GeneCards
GABRG2
GenBank Gene Database
X15376
GenBank Protein Database
31637
UniProt Accession
GBRG2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4088
GeneCards
GABRG3
GenBank Gene Database
S82769
GenBank Protein Database
1754749
UniProt Accession
GBRG3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4089
GeneCards
GABRP
GenBank Gene Database
U95367
GenBank Protein Database
2197001
UniProt Accession
GBRP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:14454
GeneCards
GABRQ
GenBank Gene Database
AF189259
GenBank Protein Database
7861736
UniProt Accession
GBRT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4070
GenAtlas
GABBR1
GeneCards
GABBR1
GenBank Gene Database
AJ225028
GenBank Protein Database
3892594
Guide to Pharmacology
240
UniProt Accession
GABR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4326
GenAtlas
GLRA1
GeneCards
GLRA1
GenBank Gene Database
X52009
GenBank Protein Database
31851
Guide to Pharmacology
423
UniProt Accession
GLRA1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4329
GenAtlas
GLRB
GeneCards
GLRB
GenBank Gene Database
U33267
GenBank Protein Database
992687
Guide to Pharmacology
427
UniProt Accession
GLRB_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4328
GenAtlas
GLRA3
GeneCards
GLRA3
GenBank Gene Database
AF017724
GenBank Protein Database
3342792
Guide to Pharmacology
425
UniProt Accession
GLRA3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4327
GenAtlas
GLRA2
GeneCards
GLRA2
GenBank Gene Database
X52008
GenBank Protein Database
31849
Guide to Pharmacology
424
UniProt Accession
GLRA2_HUMAN
GenBank Gene Database
D85613
GenBank Protein Database
1384060
UniProt Accession
TAUD_ECOLI
GenBank Gene Database
U20191
GenBank Protein Database
882252
UniProt Accession
CBH_CLOPE
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:16255
GenAtlas
TGM6
GeneCards
TGM6
GenBank Gene Database
AF540969
UniProt Accession
TGM3L_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:932
GenAtlas
BAAT
GeneCards
BAAT
GenBank Gene Database
L34081
GenBank Protein Database
532505
UniProt Accession
BAAT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:18761
GenAtlas
SLC36A1
GeneCards
SLC36A1
GenBank Gene Database
AF516142
GenBank Protein Database
31324239
Guide to Pharmacology
1161
UniProt Accession
S36A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11052
GeneCards
SLC6A6
UniProt Accession
SC6A6_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10920
GenAtlas
SLC15A1
GeneCards
SLC15A1
GenBank Gene Database
U13173
GenBank Protein Database
773588
Guide to Pharmacology
984
UniProt Accession
S15A1_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications: