Sulpiride 400mg tablets
Prescription only
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Tablet
400mg
Oral
Drugs used in psychoses and related disorders
Active ingredients:
Sulpiride
No active safety alerts
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
Source: MHRA Products DatabaseOGL 3.0
Updated 3 months ago(16 Jan 2026)Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
MHRA
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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EMA
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Sulpiride
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
13 branded products available
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13 products
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View all licensed products for Sulpiride on the MHRA register
Sulpiride 400mg tablets
Sulpiride 400mg tablets
Sulpiride 400mg tablets
Sulpiride 400mg tablets
Sulpiride 400mg tablets
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£20.68indicative price
This is the NHS Drug Tariff indicative price used for reimbursement purposes. It may not reflect the price paid by patients or pharmacies.
View full Drug TariffSource: NHS Drug Tariff via NHSBSA. Derived from dm+d VMPP (Virtual Medicinal Product Pack) pricing data. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
WHO defined daily dose (DDD)
800 mg
Not a recommended dose. The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. It is a statistical measure used for research and comparison purposes only.
Source: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, distributed via NHS dm+d BNF mapping files. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Therapeutically similar medicines
Show details
Amisulpride 200mg/5ml oral solution
Oral solution
200mg/5ml
Same therapeutic group
Amisulpride 12.5mg/5ml oral suspension
Oral suspension
12.5mg/5ml
Same therapeutic group
Amisulpride 12.5mg/5ml oral solution
Oral solution
12.5mg/5ml
Same therapeutic group
Sulpiride 400mg/5ml oral suspension
Oral suspension
400mg/5ml
Same therapeutic group
Sulpiride 400mg/5ml oral solution
Oral solution
400mg/5ml
Same therapeutic group
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
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Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Sulpiride
BNF
Drug monograph — bnf.nice.org.ukSource: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
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These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
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SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA). ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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Searching UK clinical trials...
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
15 found
Half-life
7.15 hours
Mechanism
Sulpiride is a selective dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonist.
Food interactions
1 warning
Human targets
5 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
9%
Sulpiride has an oral bioavailability of 27 ± 9%.
[A229653]
A 100-108 mg dose of sulpiride reaches a Cmax of 232-403 ng/mL, with a Tmax of 8.3…
[A229653]
A 100-108 mg dose of sulpiride reaches a Cmax of 232-403 ng/mL, with a Tmax of 8.3…
Half-life
7.15 hours
Reports of the half life of sulpiride have only been performed with small numbers of subjects.
[A229558][A229653]…
[A229558][A229653]…
Protein binding
40%
Sulpiride is approximately 40% protein bound in plasma, particularly to albumin.
[A229568]
[A229568]
Volume of distribution
0.66 L/kg
The average volume of distribution of sulpiride is 2.72 ± 0.66 L/kg.
[A229653]
[A229653]
Metabolism
95%
95% of a dose of sulpiride is not metabolized.
[A229558]
[A229558]
Elimination
9%
An intravenous dose of sulpiride is 70 ± 9% eliminated in the urine within 36 hours, while an oral dose is 27 ± 9% eliminated in urine.
[A229653]…
[A229653]…
Clearance
84 mL/min
The total systemic clearance of sulpiride if 415 ± 84 mL/min, while the mean renal clearance was 310 ± 91 mL/min.
[A229653]
[A229653]
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Status:
Approved
Withdrawn
Small molecule
About this compound
Sulpiride first appeared in published literature in 1967.[A229538] Clinical studies show a greater effect on treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia rather than positive symptoms at low doses, though the effects are more equal at higher doses.[A229683]
Sulpiride is not approved by the FDA, Health Canada, or the EMA; though it is approved in individual European countries.[L24679]
Sulpiride is not approved by the FDA, Health Canada, or the EMA; though it is approved in individual European countries.[L24679]
Properties:
solid
Avg. mass: 341.43 Da
DrugBank indication
Sulpiride is indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia.
[L31933]
[L31933]
Also known as(67)
(±)-sulpiride
5-(Aminosulfonyl)-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-2-methoxybenzamide
N-((1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzamide
N-((1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-o-anisamide
Sulpirid
Sulpirida
Sulpiride
Sulpiridum
Dosage forms(23)
Injection, solution (Intramuscular) — 100 MG/2ML
Syrup (Oral) — 150 ML
Tablet (Oral) — 50 mg
Tablet (Oral)
Capsule (Oral) — 50 mg/1
Solution (Oral) — 25 mg/5mL
Tablet (Oral) — 200 mg/1
Solution (Oral) — 20 mg
Molecular properties(19)
Drug interactions(1266)
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Ivabradine
Moderate
Ivabradine may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Sulpiride.
Buprenorphine
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Buprenorphine.
Doxylamine
Moderate
Doxylamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Dronabinol
Moderate
Dronabinol may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Hydrocodone
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Hydrocodone.
Magnesium sulfate
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Sulpiride can be increased when used in combination with Magnesium sulfate.
Metyrosine
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the sedative activities of Metyrosine.
Minocycline
Moderate
Minocycline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Mirtazapine
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Mirtazapine.
Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Orphenadrine
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Orphenadrine.
Paraldehyde
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Paraldehyde.
Perampanel
Moderate
Perampanel may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Rotigotine
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the sedative activities of Rotigotine.
Rufinamide
Unknown severity
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rufinamide is combined with Sulpiride.
Sodium oxybate
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sodium oxybate.
Suvorexant
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Suvorexant.
Tapentadol
Moderate
Tapentadol may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Sulpiride.
Thalidomide
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Thalidomide.
Sulpiride may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Zolpidem.
Amisulpride
Moderate
Sulpiride may increase the antipsychotic activities of Amisulpride.
Methylphenidate
Unknown severity
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sulpiride is combined with Methylphenidate.
Dexmethylphenidate
Unknown severity
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sulpiride is combined with Dexmethylphenidate.
Metoclopramide
Unknown severity
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metoclopramide is combined with Sulpiride.
Quinagolide
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Quinagolide can be decreased when used in combination with Sulpiride.
Reserpine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Ziprasidone
Moderate
Ziprasidone may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Olanzapine
Moderate
Olanzapine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Clozapine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Thiethylperazine
Moderate
Thiethylperazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Loxapine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Remoxipride
Moderate
Remoxipride may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Promazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Prochlorperazine
Moderate
Prochlorperazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Droperidol
Moderate
Droperidol may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Chlorpromazine
Moderate
Chlorpromazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Haloperidol
Moderate
Haloperidol may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Triflupromazine
Moderate
Triflupromazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Amoxapine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Fluphenazine
Moderate
Fluphenazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Thioridazine
Moderate
Thioridazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Moricizine
Moderate
Moricizine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Risperidone
Moderate
Risperidone may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Trifluoperazine
Moderate
Trifluoperazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Perphenazine
Moderate
Perphenazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Flupentixol
Moderate
Flupentixol may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Mesoridazine
Moderate
Mesoridazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Acetophenazine
Moderate
Acetophenazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Promethazine
Moderate
Promethazine may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Pimozide may increase the antipsychotic activities of Sulpiride.
Showing 50 of 1266 interactions
Food & lifestyle interactions
Avoid Alcohol
Avoid alcohol. Alcohol enhances the sedative effects of sulpiride.
Toxicity & overdose
Patients experiencing an overdose of sulpiride may present with hypotension, sinus tachycardia, arrhythmia, dystonia, CNS depression, hallucinations, vomiting, agitation, dysarthria, salivation, as well as increased muscle tone, hyperreflexia, and extensor plantar reflex.
[A229658]
Patients should be treated with symptomatic and supportive treatment.
[A229658]
[A229658]
Patients should be treated with symptomatic and supportive treatment.
[A229658]
How it works
Mechanism of action
Sulpiride is a selective dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonist.[A229678][A229683][A229688] In silico studies show that sulpiride may interact with the Asp-119 and Phe-417 amino acid residues of these receptors.[A229688] It is estimated that D2 receptors should be 65-80% occupied for optimal treatment and minimal adverse effects.[A229693]
Pharmacodynamics
Sulpiride is a substituted benzamide derivative and a selective dopamine D2 antagonist indicated to treat acute and chronic schizophrenia.[A229678][A229683][A229688][L31933] It has a short duration of action as it is given twice daily, and a wide therapeutic window as patients have survived single doses as high as 16g.[L31933] Patients should be counselled regarding increased motor agitation, extrapyramidal reactions, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.[L31933]
Pharmacokinetics
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Absorption
Sulpiride has an oral bioavailability of 27 ± 9%.
[A229653]
A 100-108 mg dose of sulpiride reaches a Cmax of 232-403 ng/mL, with a Tmax of 8.3 h.
[A229558]
In another study, the AUC of a 100mg oral dose of sulpiride is 1156 ± 522 h\*ng/mL and for an intravenous dose is 3981 ± 813 h\*ng/mL.
[A229653]
[A229653]
A 100-108 mg dose of sulpiride reaches a Cmax of 232-403 ng/mL, with a Tmax of 8.3 h.
[A229558]
In another study, the AUC of a 100mg oral dose of sulpiride is 1156 ± 522 h\*ng/mL and for an intravenous dose is 3981 ± 813 h\*ng/mL.
[A229653]
Half-life
Reports of the half life of sulpiride have only been performed with small numbers of subjects.
[A229558][A229653]
Therefore, the average half life may be 7.15 hours[A229653] to 8.3 hours.
[A229558]
[A229558][A229653]
Therefore, the average half life may be 7.15 hours[A229653] to 8.3 hours.
[A229558]
Protein binding
Sulpiride is approximately 40% protein bound in plasma, particularly to albumin.
[A229568]
[A229568]
Volume of distribution
The average volume of distribution of sulpiride is 2.72 ± 0.66 L/kg.
[A229653]
[A229653]
Metabolism
95% of a dose of sulpiride is not metabolized.
[A229558]
[A229558]
Route of elimination
An intravenous dose of sulpiride is 70 ± 9% eliminated in the urine within 36 hours, while an oral dose is 27 ± 9% eliminated in urine.
[A229653]
In both cases, the dose is recovered as the unchanged parent compound.
[A229653]
[A229653]
In both cases, the dose is recovered as the unchanged parent compound.
[A229653]
Clearance
The total systemic clearance of sulpiride if 415 ± 84 mL/min, while the mean renal clearance was 310 ± 91 mL/min.
[A229653]
[A229653]
Drug targets(5)
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
D(2) dopamine receptor
DRD2
antagonist
Specific functiondopamine binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase .
PMID:21645528
Positively regulates postnatal regression of retinal hyaloid vessels via suppression of VEGFR2/KDR activity, downstream of OPN5 (By similarity)
PMID:21645528
Positively regulates postnatal regression of retinal hyaloid vessels via suppression of VEGFR2/KDR activity, downstream of OPN5 (By similarity)
D(3) dopamine receptor
DRD3
antagonist
Specific functiondopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Promotes cell proliferation
Carbonic anhydrase 2
CA2
inhibitor
Specific functionarylesterase activity
Cellular location
Cytoplasm
General function & pharmacology
Catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide .
PMID:11327835 PMID:11802772 PMID:11831900 PMID:12056894 PMID:12171926 PMID:1336460 PMID:14736236 PMID:15300855 PMID:15453828 PMID:15667203 PMID:15865431 PMID:16106378 PMID:16214338 PMID:16290146 PMID:16686544 PMID:16759856 PMID:16807956 PMID:17127057 PMID:17251017 PMID:17314045 PMID:17330962 PMID:17346964 PMID:17540563 PMID:17588751 PMID:17705204 PMID:18024029 PMID:18162396 PMID:18266323 PMID:18374572 PMID:18481843 PMID:18618712 PMID:18640037 PMID:18942852 PMID:1909891 PMID:1910042 PMID:19170619 PMID:19186056 PMID:19206230 PMID:19520834 PMID:19778001 PMID:7761440 PMID:7901850 PMID:8218160 PMID:8262987 PMID:8399159 PMID:8451242 PMID:8485129 PMID:8639494 PMID:9265618 PMID:9398308
Can also hydrate cyanamide to urea .
PMID:10550681 PMID:11015219
Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6 .
PMID:15990874
Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation .
PMID:15300855
Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption
PMID:11327835 PMID:11802772 PMID:11831900 PMID:12056894 PMID:12171926 PMID:1336460 PMID:14736236 PMID:15300855 PMID:15453828 PMID:15667203 PMID:15865431 PMID:16106378 PMID:16214338 PMID:16290146 PMID:16686544 PMID:16759856 PMID:16807956 PMID:17127057 PMID:17251017 PMID:17314045 PMID:17330962 PMID:17346964 PMID:17540563 PMID:17588751 PMID:17705204 PMID:18024029 PMID:18162396 PMID:18266323 PMID:18374572 PMID:18481843 PMID:18618712 PMID:18640037 PMID:18942852 PMID:1909891 PMID:1910042 PMID:19170619 PMID:19186056 PMID:19206230 PMID:19520834 PMID:19778001 PMID:7761440 PMID:7901850 PMID:8218160 PMID:8262987 PMID:8399159 PMID:8451242 PMID:8485129 PMID:8639494 PMID:9265618 PMID:9398308
Can also hydrate cyanamide to urea .
PMID:10550681 PMID:11015219
Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6 .
PMID:15990874
Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation .
PMID:15300855
Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption
Carbonic anhydrase 3
CA3
inhibitor
Specific functioncarbonate dehydratase activity
Cellular location
Cytoplasm
General function & pharmacology
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide
D(4) dopamine receptor
DRD4
antagonist
Specific functiondopamine binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Dopamine receptor responsible for neuronal signaling in the mesolimbic system of the brain, an area of the brain that regulates emotion and complex behavior. Activated by dopamine, but also by epinephrine and norepinephrine, and by numerous synthetic agonists and drugs .
PMID:16423344 PMID:27659709 PMID:29051383 PMID:9003072
Agonist binding triggers signaling via G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase .
PMID:16423344 PMID:27659709 PMID:29051383 PMID:7512953 PMID:7643093
Modulates the circadian rhythm of contrast sensitivity by regulating the rhythmic expression of NPAS2 in the retinal ganglion cells (By similarity)
PMID:16423344 PMID:27659709 PMID:29051383 PMID:9003072
Agonist binding triggers signaling via G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase .
PMID:16423344 PMID:27659709 PMID:29051383 PMID:7512953 PMID:7643093
Modulates the circadian rhythm of contrast sensitivity by regulating the rhythmic expression of NPAS2 in the retinal ganglion cells (By similarity)
Metabolizing enzymes(1)
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Enzyme activity key
substrate
inhibitor
inducer
BCHECholinesterase
inhibitor
Transporters(7)
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
Solute carrier family 22 member 1
SLC22A1
substrate
Specific function(R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity
Cellular location
Basolateral cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics .
PMID:11388889 PMID:11408531 PMID:12439218 PMID:12719534 PMID:15389554 PMID:16263091 PMID:16272756 PMID:16581093 PMID:19536068 PMID:21128598 PMID:23680637 PMID:24961373 PMID:34040533 PMID:9187257 PMID:9260930 PMID:9655880
Functions as a pH- and Na(+)-independent, bidirectional transporter (By similarity). Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential (i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient) and substrate selectivity (By similarity). Hydrophobicity is a major requirement for recognition in polyvalent substrates and inhibitors (By similarity).
Primarily expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow (By similarity). Most likely functions as an uptake carrier in enterocytes contributing to the intestinal elimination of organic cations from the systemic circulation .
PMID:16263091
Transports endogenous monoamines such as N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), guanidine, histamine, neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin and adrenaline .
PMID:12439218 PMID:24961373 PMID:35469921 PMID:9260930
Also transports natural polyamines such as spermidine, agmatine and putrescine at low affinity, but relatively high turnover .
PMID:21128598
Involved in the hepatic uptake of vitamin B1/thiamine, hence regulating hepatic lipid and energy metabolism .
PMID:24961373
Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium .
PMID:15817714
Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with lower efficency .
PMID:17460754
Also capable of transporting non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) .
PMID:11907186
May contribute to the transport of cationic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotics tributylmethylammonium (TBuMA), quinidine, N-methyl-quinine (NMQ), N-methyl-quinidine (NMQD) N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-quinuclidine (APQ), azidoprocainamide methoiodide (AMP), N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-21-deoxyajmalinium (APDA) and 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP) PMID:11408531 PMID:15389554 PMID:35469921 PMID:9260930
PMID:11388889 PMID:11408531 PMID:12439218 PMID:12719534 PMID:15389554 PMID:16263091 PMID:16272756 PMID:16581093 PMID:19536068 PMID:21128598 PMID:23680637 PMID:24961373 PMID:34040533 PMID:9187257 PMID:9260930 PMID:9655880
Functions as a pH- and Na(+)-independent, bidirectional transporter (By similarity). Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential (i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient) and substrate selectivity (By similarity). Hydrophobicity is a major requirement for recognition in polyvalent substrates and inhibitors (By similarity).
Primarily expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow (By similarity). Most likely functions as an uptake carrier in enterocytes contributing to the intestinal elimination of organic cations from the systemic circulation .
PMID:16263091
Transports endogenous monoamines such as N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), guanidine, histamine, neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin and adrenaline .
PMID:12439218 PMID:24961373 PMID:35469921 PMID:9260930
Also transports natural polyamines such as spermidine, agmatine and putrescine at low affinity, but relatively high turnover .
PMID:21128598
Involved in the hepatic uptake of vitamin B1/thiamine, hence regulating hepatic lipid and energy metabolism .
PMID:24961373
Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium .
PMID:15817714
Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with lower efficency .
PMID:17460754
Also capable of transporting non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) .
PMID:11907186
May contribute to the transport of cationic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotics tributylmethylammonium (TBuMA), quinidine, N-methyl-quinine (NMQ), N-methyl-quinidine (NMQD) N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-quinuclidine (APQ), azidoprocainamide methoiodide (AMP), N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-21-deoxyajmalinium (APDA) and 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP) PMID:11408531 PMID:15389554 PMID:35469921 PMID:9260930
Solute carrier family 22 member 2
SLC22A2
substrate
Specific functionacetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity
Cellular location
Basolateral cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics .
PMID:9260930 PMID:9687576
Functions as a Na(+)-independent, bidirectional uniporter .
PMID:21128598 PMID:9687576
Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential, i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient .
PMID:15212162 PMID:9260930 PMID:9687576
However, may also engage electroneutral cation exchange when saturating concentrations of cation substrates are reached (By similarity). Predominantly expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow .
PMID:15783073
Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as histamine, dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, serotonin and tyramine, thereby supporting a physiological role in the central nervous system by regulating interstitial concentrations of neurotransmitters .
PMID:16581093 PMID:17460754 PMID:9687576
Also capable of transporting dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro), salsolinol and N-methyl-salsolinol, thereby involved in the maintenance of dopaminergic cell integrity in the central nervous system .
PMID:17460754
Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium .
PMID:15817714
Also transports guanidine and endogenous monoamines such as vitamin B1/thiamine, creatinine and N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN) .
PMID:12089365 PMID:15212162 PMID:17072098 PMID:24961373 PMID:9260930
Mediates the uptake and efflux of quaternary ammonium compound choline .
PMID:9260930
Mediates the bidirectional transport of polyamine agmatine and the uptake of polyamines putrescine and spermidine .
PMID:12538837 PMID:21128598
Able to transport non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) .
PMID:11907186
Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotic 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP) .
PMID:12395288 PMID:16394027
May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
PMID:9260930 PMID:9687576
Functions as a Na(+)-independent, bidirectional uniporter .
PMID:21128598 PMID:9687576
Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential, i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient .
PMID:15212162 PMID:9260930 PMID:9687576
However, may also engage electroneutral cation exchange when saturating concentrations of cation substrates are reached (By similarity). Predominantly expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow .
PMID:15783073
Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as histamine, dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, serotonin and tyramine, thereby supporting a physiological role in the central nervous system by regulating interstitial concentrations of neurotransmitters .
PMID:16581093 PMID:17460754 PMID:9687576
Also capable of transporting dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro), salsolinol and N-methyl-salsolinol, thereby involved in the maintenance of dopaminergic cell integrity in the central nervous system .
PMID:17460754
Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium .
PMID:15817714
Also transports guanidine and endogenous monoamines such as vitamin B1/thiamine, creatinine and N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN) .
PMID:12089365 PMID:15212162 PMID:17072098 PMID:24961373 PMID:9260930
Mediates the uptake and efflux of quaternary ammonium compound choline .
PMID:9260930
Mediates the bidirectional transport of polyamine agmatine and the uptake of polyamines putrescine and spermidine .
PMID:12538837 PMID:21128598
Able to transport non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) .
PMID:11907186
Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotic 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP) .
PMID:12395288 PMID:16394027
May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1
SLC47A1
substrate
Specific functionantiporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17509534
Plays a physiological role in the excretion of cationic compounds including endogenous metabolites, drugs, toxins through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17495125 PMID:17509534 PMID:17582384 PMID:18305230 PMID:19158817 PMID:21128598 PMID:24961373
Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, vitamin B1/thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17495125 PMID:17509534 PMID:17582384 PMID:18305230 PMID:19158817 PMID:21128598 PMID:24961373
May also contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
PMID:16330770 PMID:17509534
Plays a physiological role in the excretion of cationic compounds including endogenous metabolites, drugs, toxins through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17495125 PMID:17509534 PMID:17582384 PMID:18305230 PMID:19158817 PMID:21128598 PMID:24961373
Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, vitamin B1/thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17495125 PMID:17509534 PMID:17582384 PMID:18305230 PMID:19158817 PMID:21128598 PMID:24961373
May also contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2
SLC47A2
substrate
Specific functionantiporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter. Mediates the efflux of cationic compounds, such as the model cations, tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), the platinum-based drug oxaliplatin or weak bases that are positively charged at physiological pH, cimetidine, the platinum-based drugs cisplatin and oxaliplatin or the antidiabetic drug metformin. Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as, creatinine, thiamine and estrone-3-sulfate.
Plays a physiological role in the excretion of drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites through the kidney
Plays a physiological role in the excretion of drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites through the kidney
Solute carrier family 22 member 3
SLC22A3
substrate
Specific functionmonoamine transmembrane transporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics .
PMID:10196521 PMID:10966924 PMID:12538837 PMID:17460754 PMID:20858707
Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential, i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient .
PMID:10966924
Functions as a Na(+)- and Cl(-)-independent, bidirectional uniporter .
PMID:12538837
Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, histamine, serotonin and tyramine, thereby supporting a role in homeostatic regulation of aminergic neurotransmission in the brain .
PMID:10196521 PMID:16581093 PMID:20858707
Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with low efficiency .
PMID:17460754
May be involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by renal clearance from the blood flow .
PMID:10966924
May contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Mediates the transport of polyamine spermidine and putrescine (By similarity). Mediates the bidirectional transport of polyamine agmatine .
PMID:12538837
Also transports guanidine .
PMID:10966924
May also mediate intracellular transport of organic cations, thereby playing a role in amine metabolism and intracellular signaling (By similarity)
PMID:10196521 PMID:10966924 PMID:12538837 PMID:17460754 PMID:20858707
Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential, i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient .
PMID:10966924
Functions as a Na(+)- and Cl(-)-independent, bidirectional uniporter .
PMID:12538837
Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, histamine, serotonin and tyramine, thereby supporting a role in homeostatic regulation of aminergic neurotransmission in the brain .
PMID:10196521 PMID:16581093 PMID:20858707
Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with low efficiency .
PMID:17460754
May be involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by renal clearance from the blood flow .
PMID:10966924
May contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Mediates the transport of polyamine spermidine and putrescine (By similarity). Mediates the bidirectional transport of polyamine agmatine .
PMID:12538837
Also transports guanidine .
PMID:10966924
May also mediate intracellular transport of organic cations, thereby playing a role in amine metabolism and intracellular signaling (By similarity)
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1
ABCB1
substrate
Specific functionABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane .
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548
Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548
Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2
ABCG2
substrate
Specific functionABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells .
PMID:11306452 PMID:12958161 PMID:19506252 PMID:20705604 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239 PMID:31003562
Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme .
PMID:20705604 PMID:23189181
Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells .
PMID:20110355
Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion .
PMID:19506252 PMID:20368174 PMID:22132962 PMID:31003562 PMID:36749388
In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates .
PMID:12682043 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239
Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity).
Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux .
PMID:11306452 PMID:12477054 PMID:15670731 PMID:18056989 PMID:31254042
In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity).
In inflammatory macrophages, exports itaconate from the cytosol to the extracellular compartment and limits the activation of TFEB-dependent lysosome biogenesis involved in antibacterial innate immune response
PMID:11306452 PMID:12958161 PMID:19506252 PMID:20705604 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239 PMID:31003562
Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme .
PMID:20705604 PMID:23189181
Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells .
PMID:20110355
Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion .
PMID:19506252 PMID:20368174 PMID:22132962 PMID:31003562 PMID:36749388
In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates .
PMID:12682043 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239
Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity).
Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux .
PMID:11306452 PMID:12477054 PMID:15670731 PMID:18056989 PMID:31254042
In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity).
In inflammatory macrophages, exports itaconate from the cytosol to the extracellular compartment and limits the activation of TFEB-dependent lysosome biogenesis involved in antibacterial innate immune response
Carriers(1)
Proteins that carry this drug through the body
Albumin
ALB
binder
Specific functionantioxidant activity
Cellular location
Secreted
General function & pharmacology
Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc .
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).
Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).
Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).
Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).
Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017
Scientific references(9)
Justin-Besancon L., Thominet M., Laville C., Margarit J.
Maurois, André, (1885–9 Oct. 1967), Mem. of French Acad., since 1938. Who Was Who. 2007. doi: 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.
013
u55465
Imondi A.R., Alam A.S., Brennan J.J., Hagerman L.M.
Growth and Metabolism in Normal and Thyroid-Ablated Infant Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta): VI.
Iodine Metabolism in Normal and Thyroid-Ablated Infant Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta)
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 1953;86(5):574. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1953.02050080587003
da Silva Fragoso V.M., de Morais Coura C.P., Hoppe L.Y., Soares M.A., Silva D., Cortez C.M.
Binding of Sulpiride to Seric Albumins.
International Journal Molecular Science
2016 Jan 417(1). pii: ijms17010059. doi: 10.3390/ijms17010059
Wiesel F.A., Alfredsson G., Ehrnebo M., Sedvall G.
The pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral sulpiride in healthy human subjects.
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
1980 May17(5):385-91. doi: 10.1007/BF00558453
Capel M.M., Colbridge M.G., Henry J.A.
Overdose profiles of new antipsychotic agents.
International Journal Neuropsychopharmacol
2000 Mar3(1):51-54. doi: 10.1017/S1461145700001760
Jenner P., Marsden C.D.
Cation specificity of 3H-sulpiride binding involves alteration in the number of striatal binding sites.
Life Sciences
198332(11):1243-1254. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(83)90194-7
Mauri M.C., Bravin S., Bitetto A., Rudelli R., Invernizzi G.
A risk-benefit assessment of sulpiride in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Drug Saf
1996 May14(5):288-98. doi: 10.2165/00002018-199614050-00003
Kecel-Gunduz S., Budama-Kilinc Y., Cakir-Koc R., Zorlu T., Bicak B., Kokcu Y., Kaya Z., Ozel A.E., Akyuz S.
In silico Analysis of Sulpiride, Synthesis, Characterization and In vitro Studies of its Nanoparticle for the Treatment of Schizophrenia.
Curr Computational Aided Drug Des
202016(2):104-121. doi: 10.2174/1573409915666190627125643
Moriguchi S., Bies R.R., Remington G., Suzuki T., Mamo D.C., Watanabe K., Mimura M., Pollock B.G., Uchida H.
Estimated dopamine D(2) receptor occupancy and remission in schizophrenia: analysis of the CATIE data.
Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology
2013 Oct33(5):682-5. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e3182979a0a
ATC classification(1 code)
ATC N05AL01
Affected organisms(1)
Humans and other mammals
International brands(8)
Experimental properties(4)
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Show
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Sulpiride
Additional database identifiers
ChemSpider
5162
BindingDB
11638
Guide to Pharmacology
958
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3023
GenAtlas
DRD2
GeneCards
DRD2
GenBank Gene Database
M30625
GenBank Protein Database
181432
Guide to Pharmacology
215
UniProt Accession
DRD2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3024
GenAtlas
DRD3
GeneCards
DRD3
GenBank Gene Database
U32499
GenBank Protein Database
927342
Guide to Pharmacology
216
UniProt Accession
DRD3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1373
GenAtlas
CA2
GeneCards
CA2
GenBank Gene Database
M77181
GenBank Protein Database
179780
Guide to Pharmacology
3092
UniProt Accession
CAH2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1374
GeneCards
CA3
GenBank Gene Database
AK313254
GenBank Protein Database
189053812
UniProt Accession
CAH3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3025
GenAtlas
DRD4
GeneCards
DRD4
GenBank Gene Database
L12398
GenBank Protein Database
291946
Guide to Pharmacology
217
UniProt Accession
DRD4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:983
GenAtlas
BCHE
GeneCards
BCHE
GenBank Gene Database
M32391
GenBank Protein Database
1311630
Guide to Pharmacology
2471
UniProt Accession
CHLE_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:399
GenAtlas
ALB
GeneCards
ALB
GenBank Gene Database
V00494
GenBank Protein Database
28590
UniProt Accession
ALBU_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10963
GeneCards
SLC22A1
GenBank Gene Database
X98332
GenBank Protein Database
2511670
Guide to Pharmacology
1019
UniProt Accession
S22A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10966
GeneCards
SLC22A2
GenBank Gene Database
X98333
GenBank Protein Database
2281942
Guide to Pharmacology
1020
UniProt Accession
S22A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:25588
GeneCards
SLC47A1
GenBank Gene Database
AK001709
GenBank Protein Database
7023138
Guide to Pharmacology
1216
UniProt Accession
S47A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:26439
GeneCards
SLC47A2
Guide to Pharmacology
1217
UniProt Accession
S47A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10967
GeneCards
SLC22A3
GenBank Gene Database
AJ001417
GenBank Protein Database
3581982
Guide to Pharmacology
1021
UniProt Accession
S22A3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:40
GenAtlas
ABCB1
GeneCards
ABCB1
GenBank Gene Database
M14758
GenBank Protein Database
307180
Guide to Pharmacology
768
UniProt Accession
MDR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:74
GenAtlas
ABCG2
GeneCards
ABCG2
GenBank Gene Database
AF103796
GenBank Protein Database
4185796
Guide to Pharmacology
792
UniProt Accession
ABCG2_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:
Knox C., Wilson M., Klinger C.M., et al
DrugBank 6.
0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024
Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 552(D1):D1265-D1275
Wishart D.S., Feunang Y.D., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank 5.
0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018
Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Nov 846(D1):D1074-D1082
Show earlier publications
Law V., Knox C., Djoumbou Y., et al
DrugBank 4.
0: shedding new light on drug metabolism
Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 142(1):D1091-7
Knox C., Law V., Jewison T., et al
DrugBank 3.
0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan39(Database issue):D1035-41
Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets.
Nucleic Acids Research
2008 Jan36(Database issue):D901-6
Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.
Nucleic Acids Research
2006 Jan 134(Database issue):D668-72
Source: go.drugbank.comCC BY-NC 4.0
Updated 26 days ago(8 Mar 2026)