Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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Browse substances A–Z in the European adverse reaction database
About EudraVigilance
Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring
EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
NICE clinical guidance(13)
Intravenous fluid therapy in children and young people in hospital (NG29)
Diarrhoea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis in under 5s: diagnosis and management (CG84)
Intravenous fluid therapy in adults in hospital (CG174)
Intravenous fluid therapy in children and young people in hospital (QS131)
Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in children and young people: diagnosis and management (NG18)
Neonatal parenteral nutrition (NG154)
Cystic fibrosis: diagnosis and management (NG78)
Adrenal insufficiency: identification and management (NG243)
Acute kidney injury: prevention, detection and management (NG148)
Healthcare-associated infections: prevention and control in primary and community care (CG139)
i STAT CG4+ and CHEM8+ cartridges for point-of-care testing in the emergency department (MIB38)
Meningitis (bacterial) and meningococcal disease: recognition, diagnosis and management (NG240)
Infection prevention and control (QS61)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & safety information
Official UK regulator monitoring and safety alerts
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF code shown is the factual mapping value distributed by NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) in the dm+d supplementary file under OGL v3.0; it is not affiliated with, nor licensed from, the publishers of the British National Formulary. ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing the 50 most relevant studies.
Reviews & meta-analyses: 6 · Randomised trials: 1 · 1954–2023
Showing the 50 most relevant studies, sorted by most relevant.
Hiddo J.L. Heerspink, Bruce A. Perkins, David Fitchett, et al.
Circulation, 2016
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
- Blood Glucose
- Blood Pressure
Hima Zafar, Asma Channa, Varun Jeoti, et al.
Sensors, 2022
- Wearable Electronic Devices
- Biosensing Techniques
- Blood Glucose
Nick Oliver, C. Toumazou, Anthony E. G. Cass, et al.
Diabetic Medicine, 2008
- Blood Glucose
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Equipment Design
Sam Emaminejad, Wei Gao, Eric Wu, et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2017
- Wearable Electronic Devices
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Glucose
Danielle Bruen, Colm Delaney, Larisa Florea, et al.
Sensors, 2017
- Blood Glucose
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
Andrea Grillo, Lucia Salvi, Paolo Coruzzi, et al.
Nutrients, 2019
- Arteries
- Hypertension
- Sodium, Dietary
Hermann Koepsell
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2020
- Alzheimer Disease
- Brain
- Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors
Archana Navale, Archana Paranjape
Biophysical Reviews, 2016
Koenraad Philippaert, Subha Kalyaanamoorthy, Mohammad Fatehi, et al.
Circulation, 2021
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
- Benzhydryl Compounds
- Glucosides
M. Packer, C. Wilcox, J. Testani
Circulation, 2023
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Scientific data (pharmacology, interactions, ADME) is not yet available for this medicine. Clinical sections are sourced from the NHS dm+d database.