Rivastigmine 3mg capsules

This study evaluates the efficacy, safety, and economics of galantamine in the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, and to provide evidence-based reference for optimizing drug selection, dosing strategies, and reimbursement policies in clinical practice. We used galantamine, systematic review, cost, and their synonym as keywords. The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu, Wanfang database, and Health Technology Assessment organization websites were searched to retrieve studies regarding galantamine for the treatment of AD from database creation to September 20, 2023. We extracted information and pooled the results of the studies for qualitative analyses instead of quantitative meta-analysis. This study incorporated 39 reports. Regarding effectiveness, galantamine significantly improved cognitive function, living capacity, mental behavior, and global functioning of the AD patients compared with the placebo. However, based on available data, it was not possible to infer whether galantamine was more effective than the other acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs. AD patients treated with galantamine showed a higher incidence of adverse gastrointestinal effects compared to those treated with placebo. Galantamine showed a higher incidence of adverse gastrointestinal effects than donepezil but a lower rate than rivastigmine. Regarding economics, compared with the placebo and non-pharmacological treatments, galantamine prolonged the duration of full-time care and in some cases even reduced the overall cost of galantamine use. Galantamine showed good efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and mild adverse effects in the treatment of patients with AD by prolonging the duration of full-time care and saving the cost compared with the placebo and non-pharmacological.

Abstract licence: CC BY

BackgroundAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is characterised by progressive cognitive decline. Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) (donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine) and memantine have been the mainstay treatment and have showed their effectiveness on total cognitive scores, but their effects on individual cognitive domains remain unclear. This systematic review examined their impact on individual cognitive domains.MethodPubMed, Cochrane, MEDLINE, Web of Science and PsycINFO were searched (1st January 1999 - 31st March 2025) for studies evaluating the effects of ChEI and memantine on cognitive domains using standardised cognitive scales in individuals with AD. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane ROB1 tool and a narrative synthesis was used to report the main findings.ResultsSixteen studies were included. Rivastigmine demonstrated dose-dependent benefits across memory, language, and praxis domains, with higher-doses generally producing less cognitive decline and greater improvements than lower-dose patches or capsules. Donepezil yielded benefits in language, praxis, and visuospatial abilities. Galantamine showed significant improvements in memory, praxis, visuospatial function, and language, and was superior to donepezil in language in one comparative study. Memantine demonstrated benefits across memory, language, praxis, attention, and visuospatial domains, both as monotherapy and as an adjunct to donepezil, with adjunct therapy producing sustained improvements in language and praxis. Overall, higher treatment doses were consistently associated with greater preservation of cognitive function across domains.DiscussionChEIs and memantine provide domain-specific cognitive benefits beyond global cognitive improvement. Future studies should examine whether treatment tailored to domain-specific deficits improves patient outcome.PROSPEROCRD42024493998.

Abstract licence: CC BY