Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Olopatadine is a selective histamine H1 antagonist and mast cell stabilizer that works by attenuating inflammatory and allergic reactions.
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
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MHRA alerts for Olopatadine
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Olopatadine
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Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Olopatadine
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
13 branded products available
MHRA licensed products
View all licensed products for Olopatadine on the MHRA register
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Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
Olopatadine 1mg/ml eye drops
This is the NHS Drug Tariff indicative price used for reimbursement purposes. It may not reflect the price paid by patients or pharmacies.
View full Drug TariffSource: NHS Drug Tariff via NHSBSA. Derived from dm+d VMPP (Virtual Medicinal Product Pack) pricing data. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
NICE clinical guidance(1)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
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Supply & safety information
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Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing the 50 most relevant studies.
Reviews & meta-analyses: 16 · Randomised trials: 3 · 2004–2026
Showing the 50 most relevant studies, sorted by most relevant.
Shiyu Li, Shenquan Zhong
Advances in Dermatology and Allergology, 2023
J. Xuan, X. Tan, H. Liu, et al.
Revue Française d'Allergologie, 2023
yingxin zi, Yu Deng, Meiqi Ji, et al.
Medicine, 2020
Marcio Nakanishi, Luis Felipe Barreiras Carbone, Vineet Aggarwal, et al.
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2026
- Anti-Allergic Agents
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal
- Olopatadine Hydrochloride
Pranav Gupta, Etti Goyal, Jaya Devendra
International Journal of Advanced and Integrated Medical Sciences, 2016
Ganesh N Dakhale, Sumit S Wankhede, Mohini S Mahatme, et al.
Indian Journal of Dermatology, 2016
Xiaojuan Fu, Peijie Xu, Di Lu
Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postȩpy Dermatologii i Alergologii, 2024
Maria D’Amato, Gennaro D’Amato
Drugs in Context, 2026
Rehman A, Arshad M, Asif N, et al.
2025
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of olopatadine and rupatadine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). By synthesizing data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), this study aimed to evaluate symptom reduction, specifically in terms of the Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), and assess the incidence of adverse effects between these two second-generation antihistamines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases from November 2024 to February 2025. Studies were selected based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Clinical trials comparing olopatadine and rupatadine in AR patients were included, with a focus on TNSS reduction and adverse event incidence. The Jadad scale was used for quality assessment. Data were analyzed using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model, with mean differences and risk ratios (RR) calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed using the chi-square test and I² statistic. A total of four RCTs involving 304 patients (153 in the olopatadine group, 151 in the rupatadine group) met the inclusion criteria. Olopatadine demonstrated superior TNSS reduction (mean difference: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.58 to 3.44; p<0.0001), with low heterogeneity (I²=0%). Adverse events were comparable between groups (RR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.29-1.50; P=0.33), with dry mouth, headache, and mild sedation being the most frequently reported. Olopatadine showed greater efficacy in reducing symptoms of allergic rhinitis compared to rupatadine, while both drugs had similar safety profiles. These findings suggest that olopatadine may be preferred for more symptom relief, though larger trials are needed for further validation.
Abstract licence: CC BY
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
1.2 hours
Mechanism
Histamine is a biogenic vasoactive amine that binds to its receptors, which are G-protein coupled receptors.
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
8 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
0.9 ng/mL
Half-life
1.2 hours
Protein binding
55%
[L6784]
Volume of distribution
133.83 L
Metabolism
4 hours
[L6784][L6787]
…
Elimination
70%
[L6784]
…
Clearance
23.45 L/h
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
[L6781]
As a nasal spray, as a monotherapy or in combination with [mometasone furoate], olopatadine is indicated for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients 12 years of age and older.
[L6784][L39845]
Known interactions with other medicines. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 1 of 1 interactions
[L6790]
The Lowest published toxic dose via the oral route was 20 mg/kg in rat and 0.1 mg/kg in mouse.MSDS
There are no known reports on overdosage following oral, ophthalmic, or intranasal administration of olopatadine. Likely symptoms of antihistamine overdose may include drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in children. In case of suspected overdose, supportive and symptomatic treatment is recommended.
[L6784]
Olopatadine is an anti-allergic molecule that works via several mechanisms. As a mast cell stabilizer, it stabilizes rodent basophils and human conjunctival mast cells and inhibits the immunologically-stimulated release of histamine.[A179704] Olopatadine acts as an antagonist at the histamine H1 receptors with high selectivity, which is explained by a unique receptor binding pocket that consists of the aspartate residue in the third transmembrane helix and other sites in the H1 receptor.[A1170] Upon binding, olopatadine blocks the H1 receptor signaling pathway, inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators, such as tryptase, prostaglandin D2, TNF-alpha, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines.[L6790] It also decreases chemotaxis and inhibits eosinophil activation.[L6781] In vitro, olopatadine was shown to inhibit epithelial cell intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which promotes the recruitment of migrating pro-inflammatory mediators.[A179704]
While olopatadine is a non-sedating antihistamine agent, there have been reports of somnolence in some patients taking nasal olopatadine during clinical trials.[L6784] Temporary blurred vision or other visual disturbances were observed following ophthalmic administration. Olopatadine has negligible effects on alpha-adrenergic, dopamine, muscarinic type 1 and 2, and serotonin receptors.[L6790] In clinical trials, there was no evidence of any effect of olopatadine on QT prolongation was observed following intranasal administration.[L6784]
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
[L6781]
The average absolute bioavaiability of intranasal olopatadine is about 57%. Following intranasal administration in healthy subjects, the Cmax of 6.0 ± 8.99 ng/mL at steady-state was reached between 30 minutes to 1 hour after twice daily intranasal administration.
The average AUC was 66.0 ± 26.8 ng·h/mL. In patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, the Cmax of 23.3 ± 6.2 ng/mL at steady-state was reached between 15 minutes and 2 hours post-dosing and the average AUC was 78.0 ± 13.9 ng·h/mL.
[L6784]
[L6787]
[L6784]
[A179740]
[L6784][L6787]
Based on oral pharmacokinetic studies, there are at least 6 circulating metabolites in human plasma.
[L6784]
Following topical ocular application of olopatadine, olopatadine N-oxide is formed by metabolism catalyzed by flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) 1 and 3 [L6784] and was detected in the plasma after 4 hours post-dosing in less than 10% of the total plasma in half of the patients.
[L6781]
Mono-desmethyl olopatadine, or N-desmethyl olopatadine, is formed by CYP3A4 [L6784] and may be detected in minimal levels.
[L6781]
[L6784]
[A179740]
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:33828102 PMID:8280179
Through the H1 receptor, histamine mediates the contraction of smooth muscles and increases capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules. Also mediates neurotransmission in the central nervous system and thereby regulates circadian rhythms, emotional and locomotor activities as well as cognitive functions (By similarity)
The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and, through a separate G protein-dependent mechanism, the phosphoinositide/protein kinase (PKC) signaling pathway (By similarity)
PMID:12804600
In response to an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels, binds calcium which triggers conformational changes .
PMID:23351007
These changes allow interactions with specific target proteins and modulate their activity .
PMID:22399290
Regulates a network in cardiomyocytes controlling sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) cycling and mitochondrial function through interaction with the ryanodine receptors RYR1 and RYR2, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase/ATP2A2 and mitochondrial F1-ATPase .
PMID:12804600
Facilitates diastolic Ca(2+) dissociation and myofilament mechanics in order to improve relaxation during diastole PMID:11717446
Binding to AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1. Acts as a monocyte and mast cell chemoattractant. Can stimulate mast cell degranulation and activation which generates chemokines, histamine and cytokines inducing further leukocyte recruitment to the sites of inflammation.
Can inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases; MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 by chelating Zn(2+) from their active sites. Possesses filariacidal and filariastatic activity. Calcitermin possesses antifungal activity against C.albicans and is also active against E.coli and P.aeruginosa but not L.monocytogenes and S.aureus
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548
Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218
Proteins that carry this drug through the body
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).
Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).
Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017
Involved compounds
ATC S01GX09
ATC R01AC08
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Show
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Olopatadine
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
11561
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
11560
ChemSpider
4444528
BindingDB
50002096
ZINC
ZINC000000001850
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5182
GenAtlas
HRH1
GeneCards
HRH1
GenBank Gene Database
Z34897
GenBank Protein Database
510296
Guide to Pharmacology
262
UniProt Accession
HRH1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5183
GenAtlas
HRH2
GeneCards
HRH2
GenBank Gene Database
M64799
GenBank Protein Database
184088
Guide to Pharmacology
263
UniProt Accession
HRH2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5184
GenAtlas
HRH3
GeneCards
HRH3
GenBank Gene Database
AF140538
GenBank Protein Database
5031291
Guide to Pharmacology
264
UniProt Accession
HRH3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10486
GenAtlas
S100A1
GeneCards
S100A1
GenBank Gene Database
X58079
GenBank Protein Database
36176
UniProt Accession
S10A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10489
GenAtlas
S100A12
GeneCards
S100A12
GenBank Gene Database
X97859
GenBank Protein Database
1545946
UniProt Accession
S10AC_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10500
GenAtlas
S100B
GeneCards
S100B
GenBank Gene Database
M59488
GenBank Protein Database
337730
UniProt Accession
S100B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10490
GenAtlas
S100A13
GeneCards
S100A13
GenBank Gene Database
X99920
GenBank Protein Database
1694828
UniProt Accession
S10AD_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10492
GeneCards
S100A2
GenBank Gene Database
M87068
UniProt Accession
S10A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2637
GenAtlas
CYP3A4
GeneCards
CYP3A4
GenBank Gene Database
M18907
Guide to Pharmacology
1337
UniProt Accession
CP3A4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3769
GeneCards
FMO1
GenBank Gene Database
M64082
GenBank Protein Database
182671
UniProt Accession
FMO1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3771
GeneCards
FMO3
GenBank Gene Database
M83772
GenBank Protein Database
188631
UniProt Accession
FMO3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:399
GenAtlas
ALB
GeneCards
ALB
GenBank Gene Database
V00494
GenBank Protein Database
28590
UniProt Accession
ALBU_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:40
GenAtlas
ABCB1
GeneCards
ABCB1
GenBank Gene Database
M14758
GenBank Protein Database
307180
Guide to Pharmacology
768
UniProt Accession
MDR1_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite:
- DrugBank 6.02024Recommended citationKnox C., Wilson M., Klinger C.M., et alDrugBank 6.0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 552(D1):D1265-D1275
- DrugBank 5.02018Wishart D.S., Feunang Y.D., Guo A.C., et alDrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Nov 846(D1):D1074-D1082
- DrugBank 4.02014Law V., Knox C., Djoumbou Y., et alDrugBank 4.0: shedding new light on drug metabolismNucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 142(1):D1091-7
- DrugBank 3.02011Knox C., Law V., Jewison T., et alDrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugsNucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan39(Database issue):D1035-41
- DrugBank 2.02008Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et alDrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets.Nucleic Acids Research2008 Jan36(Database issue):D901-6
- DrugBank 1.02006Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et alDrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.Nucleic Acids Research2006 Jan 134(Database issue):D668-72