Do I need a prescription for Nifedipine 2% ointment?

Nifedipine 2% ointment is classified as a Valid as a prescribable product in the UK. However, always consult a pharmacist or doctor before use. (Source: NHS dm+d)

What are the brand names for Nifedipine 2% ointment?

Nifedipine 2% ointment is the generic name. It is available under brand names including: Nifedipine 2% ointment. (Source: NHS dm+d — Actual Medicinal Products)

Nifedipine 2% ointment

Prescription only

Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber

Ointment

Topical

Creams, ointments & gels

Local preparations for anal and rectal disorders

Active ingredients:

Nifedipine

BNF classificationBrowse formulary

Where this medicine sits in the British National Formulary — the UK's standard prescribing reference

BNF 01.07.04

Chemical classBrowse classes

Classification based on the molecule's chemical structure and properties

Check interactions for Nifedipine

No active safety alerts

Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring

Report a side effect

Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA

Official medicine documents

Yellow Card

Report side effects (MHRA)

Drug safety updates

MHRA alerts for Nifedipine

Source: MHRA Products DatabaseOGL 3.0

Updated 3 months ago(16 Jan 2026)

Safety monitoring data

Yellow Card reports

MHRA

The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.

View Drug Analysis Profile

Suspected adverse reactions reported for Nifedipine

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Report a side effect

Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA

Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

EudraVigilance

EMA

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.

View EudraVigilance report

Suspected adverse reactions reported for Nifedipine

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Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring

EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.

1 branded products available

1 productsShow details

Part of the Adalat brand family (generic: Nifedipine)

1 products

Possibly available on the UK marketRestricted supplyDiscontinuedAvailability per NHS dm+d

MHRA licensed products

View all licensed products for Nifedipine on the MHRA register

Nifedipine 2% ointment

Special Order

None

Special

Source: NHS dm+dOGL 3.0

Updated about 1 month ago(1 Mar 2026)

Therapeutically similar medicines

10 similarShow details

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Same BNF section

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Diltiazem 4% ointment

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Sucralfate 4% in Emulsifying ointment

Ointment

Same BNF section

Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.

NHS prescribing volume and spending trends

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Clinical guidelines and formulary information

British National Formulary

Nifedipine

BNF

Drug monograph — bnf.nice.org.uk

Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

NICE clinical guidance(6)

Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management (NG133)

NG133

NICE guideline

Updated Apr 2023

Preterm labour and birth (NG25)

NG25

NICE guideline

Updated Jun 2022

Stable angina: management (CG126)

CG126

Clinical guideline

Updated Aug 2016

Preterm labour and birth (QS135)

Stable angina (QS21)

Biomarker tests to help diagnose preterm labour in women with intact membranes (HTG476)

HTG476

Guidance

Updated Jul 2018

Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

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Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.

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Supply & product information

Official product databases and supply status monitoring

Shortages info

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Discontinuations & alternatives for Nifedipine

Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.

Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems

Show details

These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.

NHS UK identifiers

SNOMED CT

22220611000001105

dm+d ID

22220611000001105

VTM (Virtual Therapeutic Moiety)

776908002

VMP (Virtual Medicinal Product)

22220611000001105

BNF code

01070400

SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA).

Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov

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Searching UK clinical trials...

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank

go.drugbank.com

Key facts

Drug status

Approved

Major interactions

84 found

Half-life

2 hours

Mechanism

Nifedipine blocks voltage gated L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle and myocardial cells.

Food interactions

4 warnings

Human targets

8 targets

Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0

Pharmacokinetics at a glance

Absorption

10ng/mL

Sublingual dosing leads to a C_max of 10ng/mL, with a T_max of 50min, and an AUC of 25ng\*h/mL.
[A190264]…

Half-life

2 hours

The terminal elimination half life of nifedipine is approximately 2 hours.
[A190210][A190261]

Protein binding

92-98%

Nifedipine is 92-98% protein bound in serum.
[L11383]
Nifedipine is 97±12% bound in a 40g/L solution of pure albumin.
[A190207]…

Volume of distribution

0.62-0.77L/kg

The steady state volume of distribution of nifedipine is 0.62-0.77L/kg…

Metabolism

Elimination

60-80%

Nifedipine is 60-80% recovered in the urine as inactive water soluble metabolites, and the rest is eliminated in the feces as metabolites.
[L11389]

Clearance

450-700mL/min

The total body clearance of nifedipine is 450-700mL/min.
[A190210]

Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0

Status:

Approved

Investigational

Small molecule

About this compound

Nifedipine, or BAY a 1040, is a first generation dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker, similar to [nicardipine].[A190210][A190273][A175390][L11383] Nifedipine was developed by Bayer and first described in the literature, along with other dihydropyridines, in 1972.[A175390][A190276] Since nifedipine's development, second and third generation dihydropyridines have been developed with slower onsets and longer durations of action.[A190273] The most popular of the third generation dihydropyridines is [amlodipine].[A190273]

Nifedipine was granted FDA approval on 31 December 1981.[L11383]

Properties:

solid

Avg. mass: 346.33 Da

View FDA drug label

DrugBank indication

Nifedipine capsules are indicated to treat vasospastic angina and chronic stable angina.
[L11383]
Extended release tablets are indicated to treat vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina, and hypertension.
[L11389][L1245]

Also known as(174)

4-(2'-Nitrophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-3,5-dicarbonsäuredimethylester

Nifedipine

Nifedipino

Nifedipinum

CACH2

CACN2

CACNL1A1

Calcium channel, L type, alpha-1 polypeptide, isoform 1, cardiac muscle

Dosage forms(75)

Capsule (Oral)

Tablet, coated (Oral)

Tablet, delayed release (Oral) — 60 mg

(Parenteral)

Capsule, coated (Oral) — 10 mg

Tablet (Oral) — 30.000 mg

Tablet, film coated (Oral) — 30 mg/1

Tablet, film coated (Oral) — 60 mg/1

Molecular properties(19)

Drug interactions(1902)

Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.

Duloxetine

Major

DB00476

The risk or severity of orthostatic hypotension and syncope can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Duloxetine.

Check this interaction

Levodopa

Major

DB01235

The risk or severity of hypotension and orthostatic hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Levodopa.

Check this interaction

Risperidone

Moderate

DB00734

Nifedipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Risperidone.

Check this interaction

Olmesartan

Moderate

DB00275

Olmesartan may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Nitrofurantoin

Moderate

DB00698

Nitrofurantoin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Progesterone

Moderate

DB00396

Progesterone may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Ethinylestradiol

Moderate

DB00977

Ethinylestradiol may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Ursodeoxycholic acid

Moderate

DB01586

Nifedipine may decrease the excretion rate of Ursodeoxycholic acid which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Cholic Acid

Moderate

DB02659

Nifedipine may decrease the excretion rate of Cholic Acid which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Simeprevir

Moderate

DB06290

Simeprevir may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Lenvatinib

Moderate

DB09078

Lenvatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Letermovir

Moderate

DB12070

The metabolism of Nifedipine can be decreased when combined with Letermovir.

Check this interaction

Valinomycin

Moderate

DB14057

Valinomycin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Cefaclor

Moderate

DB00833

Cefaclor may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Tinidazole

Moderate

DB00911

Tinidazole may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Bosentan

Moderate

DB00559

Bosentan may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Flucloxacillin

Moderate

DB00301

Flucloxacillin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Glipizide

Moderate

DB01067

Glipizide may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Sulfinpyrazone

Moderate

DB01138

Nifedipine may decrease the excretion rate of Sulfinpyrazone which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Pravastatin

Moderate

DB00175

Pravastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Ezetimibe

Moderate

DB00973

Ezetimibe may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Glyburide

Moderate

DB01016

Glyburide may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Indomethacin

Moderate

DB00328

Indomethacin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Loratadine

Moderate

DB00455

Loratadine may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Telmisartan

Moderate

DB00966

Telmisartan may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Lovastatin

Moderate

DB00227

The metabolism of Nifedipine can be decreased when combined with Lovastatin.

Check this interaction

Atorvastatin

Moderate

DB01076

Atorvastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Rosuvastatin

Moderate

DB01098

Rosuvastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Pralsetinib

Moderate

DB15822

Pralsetinib may decrease the excretion rate of Nifedipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Belantamab mafodotin

Moderate

DB15719

Nifedipine may decrease the excretion rate of Belantamab mafodotin which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Ceritinib

Moderate

DB09063

Nifedipine may increase the bradycardic activities of Ceritinib.

Check this interaction

Ivabradine

Moderate

DB09083

Nifedipine may increase the bradycardic activities of Ivabradine.

Check this interaction

Ruxolitinib

Moderate

DB08877

Ruxolitinib may increase the bradycardic activities of Nifedipine.

Check this interaction

Aripiprazole

Moderate

DB01238

The metabolism of Aripiprazole can be increased when combined with Nifedipine.

Check this interaction

Aripiprazole lauroxil

Moderate

DB14185

The metabolism of Aripiprazole lauroxil can be increased when combined with Nifedipine.

Check this interaction

Deferasirox

Unknown severity

DB01609

The serum concentration of Nifedipine can be increased when it is combined with Deferasirox.

Check this interaction

Peginterferon alfa-2b

Unknown severity

DB00022

The serum concentration of Nifedipine can be increased when it is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b.

Check this interaction

Leflunomide

Unknown severity

DB01097

The serum concentration of Nifedipine can be decreased when it is combined with Leflunomide.

Check this interaction

Teriflunomide

Unknown severity

DB08880

The serum concentration of Nifedipine can be decreased when it is combined with Teriflunomide.

Check this interaction

Esmolol

Major

DB00187

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Esmolol.

Check this interaction

Betaxolol

Major

DB00195

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Betaxolol.

Check this interaction

Timolol

Major

DB00373

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Timolol.

Check this interaction

Sotalol

Major

DB00489

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Sotalol.

Check this interaction

Propranolol

Major

DB00571

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Propranolol.

Check this interaction

Labetalol

Major

DB00598

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Labetalol.

Check this interaction

Alprenolol

Major

DB00866

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Alprenolol.

Check this interaction

Pindolol

Major

DB00960

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Pindolol.

Check this interaction

Carvedilol

Major

DB01136

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Carvedilol.

Check this interaction

Propafenone

Major

DB01182

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Propafenone.

Check this interaction

Acebutolol

Major

DB01193

The risk or severity of congestive heart failure and hypotension can be increased when Nifedipine is combined with Acebutolol.

Check this interaction

Showing 50 of 1902 interactions

Food & lifestyle interactions

Avoid Alcohol

Avoid excessive or chronic alcohol consumption.

Avoid Grapefruit

Avoid grapefruit products. Grapefruit down-regulates post-translational expression of CYP3A4, the major metabolizing enzyme of nifedipine. Grapefruit, in all forms (e.g. whole fruit, juice and rind), can significantly increase serum levels of nifedipine and may cause toxicity. Avoid grapefruit products while on this medication.

Advice

Avoid natural licorice.

Advice

Take with or without food.

Toxicity & overdose

The oral LD₅₀ in rats is 1022mg/kg and in mice is 202mg/kg.
[L11428]

Patients experiencing an overdose may present with hypotension, sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular node dysfunction, and reflex tachycardia.
[A190219][A190222]
Overdose may be managed by monitoring cardiovascular and respiratory function; elevating extremities; and administering vasopressors, fluids, and calcium infusions.
[L11383]

How it works

Mechanism of action

Nifedipine blocks voltage gated L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle and myocardial cells.[A190204] This blockage prevents the entry of calcium ions into cells during depolarization, reducing peripheral arterial vascular resistance and dilating coronary arteries.[A190204] These actions reduce blood pressure and increase the supply of oxygen to the heart, alleviating angina.[A190204]

Pharmacodynamics

Nifedipine is an inhibitor of L-type voltage gated calcium channels that reduces blood pressure and increases oxygen supply to the heart.[A190204] Immediate release nifedipine's duration of action requires dosing 3 times daily.[L11383] Nifedipine dosing is generally 10-120mg daily.[L11383] Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of excessive hypotension, angina, and myocardial infarction.[L11383]

Pharmacokinetics

How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination

Absorption

Sublingual dosing leads to a C_max of 10ng/mL, with a T_max of 50min, and an AUC of 25ng\*h/mL.
[A190264]
Oral dosing leads to a C_max of 82ng/mL, with a T_max of 28min, and an AUC of 152ng\*h/mL.
[A190264]

Nifedipine is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II drug, meaning it has low solubility and high intestinal permeability.
[A190261]
It is almost completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract but has a bioavilability of 45-68%, partly due to first pass metabolism.
[A190210][A190261]

Half-life

The terminal elimination half life of nifedipine is approximately 2 hours.
[A190210][A190261]

Protein binding

Nifedipine is 92-98% protein bound in serum.
[L11383]
Nifedipine is 97±12% bound in a 40g/L solution of pure albumin.
[A190207]
Nifedipine is 51.4±5.9% protein bound in a 50mg/100mL solution of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and 75.5±3.5% protein bound in a 150mg/mL solution.
[A190207]

Volume of distribution

The steady state volume of distribution of nifedipine is 0.62-0.77L/kg and the volume of distribution of the central compartment is 0.25-0.29L/kg.
[A190210]

Metabolism

Nifedipine is predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4.
[A190204][A190261][L11383][L11389][L1245]

Nifedipine is predominantly metabolized to 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-methoxycarbonyl-pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, and then further metabolized to 2-hydroxymethyl-pyridine carboxylic acid.
[A190228]
Nifedipine is also minorly metabolized to dehydronifedipine.
[A190225]

Route of elimination

Nifedipine is 60-80% recovered in the urine as inactive water soluble metabolites, and the rest is eliminated in the feces as metabolites.
[L11389]

Clearance

The total body clearance of nifedipine is 450-700mL/min.
[A190210]

Drug targets(8)

Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C

BE0000430

CACNA1C

inhibitor

Specific functionalpha-actinin binding

Cellular location

Cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents .
PMID:12181424 PMID:15454078 PMID:15863612 PMID:16299511 PMID:17224476 PMID:20953164 PMID:23677916 PMID:24728418 PMID:26253506 PMID:27218670 PMID:29078335 PMID:29742403 PMID:30023270 PMID:30172029 PMID:34163037 PMID:8099908

Mediates influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm, and thereby triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasm (By similarity). Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm .
PMID:15454078 PMID:15863612 PMID:17224476 PMID:24728418 PMID:26253506

Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine.

Essential for normal blood pressure regulation via its role in the contraction of arterial smooth muscle cells .
PMID:28119464
Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group (Probable)

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D

BE0002359

CACNA1D

inhibitor

Specific functionalpha-actinin binding

Cellular location

Membrane

General function & pharmacology

Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group.

They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, and by benzothiazepines

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2

BE0002354

CACNB2

inhibitor

Specific functionactin filament binding

Cellular location

Cell membrane, sarcolemma

General function & pharmacology

Beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels which contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current (By similarity). Plays a role in shifting voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation of the channel (By similarity). May modulate G protein inhibition (By similarity).

May contribute to beta-adrenergic augmentation of Ca(2+) influx in cardiomyocytes, thereby regulating increases in heart rate and contractile force .
PMID:36424916
Involved in membrane targeting of the alpha-1 subunit CACNA1C PMID:17525370

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2

BE0000956

NR1I2

agonist

Specific functionDNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

Cellular location

Nucleus

General function & pharmacology

Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs and endogenous compounds. Activated by the antibiotic rifampicin and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and isoflavones.

Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S

BE0002355

CACNA1S

inhibitor

Specific functioncalmodulin binding

Cellular location

Cell membrane, sarcolemma, T-tubule

General function & pharmacology

Pore-forming, alpha-1S subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents in skeletal muscle. Calcium channels containing the alpha-1S subunit play an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle via their interaction with RYR1, which triggers Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and ultimately results in muscle contraction. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group

Metabolizing enzymes(10)

Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions

Enzyme activity key

substrate

inhibitor

inducer

CYP3A4Cytochrome P450 3A4

substrate

inhibitor

inducer

CYP2D6Cytochrome P450 2D6

inhibitor

CYP1A2Cytochrome P450 1A2

substrate

inhibitor

CYP2A6Cytochrome P450 2A6

substrate

CYP2C8Cytochrome P450 2C8

inhibitor

CYP1A1Cytochrome P450 1A1

inhibitor

CYP2B6Cytochrome P450 2B6

inducer

CYP2E1Cytochrome P450 2E1

inhibitor

CYP2C9Cytochrome P450 2C9

inhibitor

inducer

CYP3A5Cytochrome P450 3A5

substrate

Transporters(5)

Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes

ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3

BE0001061

ABCC3

inducer

Specific functionABC-type bile acid transporter activity

Cellular location

Basolateral cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that binds and hydrolyzes ATP to enable active transport of various substrates including many drugs, toxicants and endogenous compound across cell membranes .
PMID:10359813 PMID:11581266 PMID:15083066

Transports glucuronide conjugates such as bilirubin diglucuronide, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide and GSH conjugates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4) .
PMID:11581266 PMID:15083066
Transports also various bile salts (taurocholate, glycocholate, taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate, taurolithocholate- 3-sulfate) (By similarity). Does not contribute substantially to bile salt physiology but provides an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocytes (By similarity). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable).

Can confer resistance to various anticancer drugs, methotrexate, tenoposide and etoposide, by decreasing accumulation of these drugs in cells PMID:10359813 PMID:11581266

ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1

BE0001032

ABCB1

substrate

inducer

Specific functionABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity

Cellular location

Cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane .
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548

Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218

ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2

BE0001069

ABCC2

inducer

Specific functionABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity

Cellular location

Apical cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that binds and hydrolyzes ATP to enable active transport of various substrates including many drugs, toxicants and endogenous compound across cell membranes. Transports a wide variety of conjugated organic anions such as sulfate-, glucuronide- and glutathione (GSH)-conjugates of endo- and xenobiotics substrates .
PMID:10220572 PMID:10421658 PMID:11500505 PMID:16332456

Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of mono- and bis-glucuronidated bilirubin molecules and therefore play an important role in bilirubin detoxification .
PMID:10421658
Also mediates hepatobiliary excretion of others glucuronide conjugates such as 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid and leukotriene C4 .
PMID:11500505
Transports sulfated bile salt such as taurolithocholate sulfate .
PMID:16332456
Transports various anticancer drugs, such as anthracycline, vinca alkaloid and methotrexate and HIV-drugs such as protease inhibitors .
PMID:10220572 PMID:11500505 PMID:12441801

Confers resistance to several anti-cancer drugs including cisplatin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, methotrexate, etoposide and vincristine PMID:10220572 PMID:11500505

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1

BE0001004

SLCO1B1

inhibitor

Specific functionbile acid transmembrane transporter activity

Cellular location

Basolateral cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions .
PMID:10358072 PMID:15159445 PMID:17412826

Shows broad substrate specificity, can transport both organic anions such as bile acid taurocholate (cholyltaurine) and conjugated steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, and estrone 3-sulfate), as well as eicosanoids (prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene C4, and leukotriene E4), and thyroid hormones (T4/L-thyroxine, and T3/3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine) .
PMID:10358072 PMID:10601278 PMID:10873595 PMID:11159893 PMID:12196548 PMID:12568656 PMID:15159445 PMID:15970799 PMID:16627748 PMID:17412826 PMID:19129463 PMID:26979622

Can take up bilirubin glucuronides from plasma into the liver, contributing to the detoxification-enhancing liver-blood shuttling loop .
PMID:22232210
Involved in the clearance of endogenous and exogenous substrates from the liver .
PMID:10358072 PMID:10601278
Transports coproporphyrin I and III, by-products of heme synthesis, and may be involved in their hepatic disposition .
PMID:26383540
May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Can transport HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (also known as statins), such as pravastatin and pitavastatin, a clinically important class of hypolipidemic drugs .
PMID:10601278 PMID:15159445 PMID:15970799

May play an important role in plasma and tissue distribution of the structurally diverse chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate .
PMID:23243220
May also transport antihypertension agents, such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prodrug enalapril, and the highly selective angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist valsartan, in the liver .
PMID:16624871 PMID:16627748
Shows a pH-sensitive substrate specificity towards prostaglandin E2 and T4 which may be ascribed to the protonation state of the binding site and leads to a stimulation of substrate transport in an acidic microenvironment .
PMID:19129463
Hydrogencarbonate/HCO3(-) acts as the probable counteranion that exchanges for organic anions PMID:19129463

Bile salt export pump

BE0000703

ABCB11

inhibitor

Specific functionABC-type bile acid transporter activity

Cellular location

Apical cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Catalyzes the transport of the major hydrophobic bile salts, such as taurine and glycine-conjugated cholic acid across the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes in an ATP-dependent manner, therefore participates in hepatic bile acid homeostasis and consequently to lipid homeostasis through regulation of biliary lipid secretion in a bile salts dependent manner .
PMID:15791618 PMID:16332456 PMID:18985798 PMID:19228692 PMID:20010382 PMID:20398791 PMID:22262466 PMID:24711118 PMID:29507376 PMID:32203132

Transports taurine-conjugated bile salts more rapidly than glycine-conjugated bile salts .
PMID:16332456
Also transports non-bile acid compounds, such as pravastatin and fexofenadine in an ATP-dependent manner and may be involved in their biliary excretion PMID:15901796 PMID:18245269

Carriers(2)

Proteins that carry this drug through the body

Albumin

BE0000530

ALB

binder

Specific functionantioxidant activity

Cellular location

Secreted

General function & pharmacology

Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc .
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).

Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).

Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2

BE0004879

ORM2

binder

Cellular location

Secreted

General function & pharmacology

Functions as a transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various hydrophobic ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability.

Appears to function in modulating the activity of the immune system during the acute-phase reaction

Biological pathways(1)

Nifedipine Action Pathway

Involved compounds

ATP,Calcium,Magnesium cation,Nifedipine,Potassium cation

Scientific references(12)

Khan K.M., Patel J., Schaefer T.J.

ANALISIS TINGKAT PELAYANAN JALAN (Studi Kasus Jalan Medan-Banda Aceh km 254+800 s.

d km 256+700)

Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil. 20215(2). doi: 10.29103/tj.v5i2.11

PMID: 30725737 DOI: 10.29103/tj.v5i2.11

Otto J., Lesko L.J.

Protein binding of nifedipine.

Journal Pharmacy Pharmacology

1986 May38(5):399-400. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1986.tb04598.x

PMID: 2872322 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1986.tb04598.x

Chung M., Reitberg D.P., Gaffney M., Singleton W.

Clinical pharmacokinetics of nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system.

A controlled-release formulation of nifedipine

Am J Med. 1987 Dec 2183(6B):10-4. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(87)90630-9

PMID: 3503594 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(87)90630-9

Herrington D.M., Insley B.M., Weinmann G.G.

Nifedipine overdose.

American Journal Medicine

1986 Aug81(2):344-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90276-7

PMID: 3740090 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90276-7

Whitebloom D., Fitzharris J.

Nifedipine overdose.

Clinical Cardiology

1988 Jul11(7):505-6. doi: 10.1002/clc.4960110714

PMID: 3416517 DOI: 10.1002/clc.4960110714

Raemsch K.D., Sommer J.

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of nifedipine.

Hypertension

1983 Jul-Aug5(4 Pt 2):II18-24. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.5.4_pt_2.ii18

PMID: 6862586 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.5.4_pt_2.ii18

Waller D.G., Renwick A.G., Gruchy B.S., George C.F.

The first pass metabolism of nifedipine in man.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

1984 Dec18(6):951-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02569.x

PMID: 6529535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02569.x

Nader A.M., Quinney S.K., Fadda H.M., Foster D.R.

Effect of Gastric Fluid Volume on the In Vitro Dissolution and In Vivo Absorption of BCS Class II Drugs: a Case Study with Nifedipine.

AAPS Journal

2016 Jul18(4):981-8. doi: 10.1208/s12248-016-9918-x. Epub 2016 Apr 22

PMID: 27106837 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9918-x

van Harten J., Burggraaf K., Danhof M., van Brummelen P., Breimer D.D.

Negligible sublingual absorption of nifedipine.

The Lancet

1987 Dec 122(8572):1363-5. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91258-x

PMID: 2890954 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91258-x

Wang A.L., Iadecola C., Wang G.

New generations of dihydropyridines for treatment of hypertension.

Journal Geriatr Cardiology

2017 Jan14(1):67-72. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.01.006

PMID: 28270844 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.01.006

Godfraind T.

Discovery and Development of Calcium Channel Blockers.

Front Pharmacology

2017 May 298:286. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00286. eCollection 2017

PMID: 28611661 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00286

Vater W., Kroneberg G., Hoffmeister F., Saller H., Meng K., Oberdorf A., Puls W., Schlossmann K., Stoepel K.

Inhibition of cyclic amp phosphodiesterase by 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3-[2-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)] ethyl ester 5-methyl ester hydrochloride (YC-93), a potent vasodilator.

Biochemical Pharmacology

197827(8):1269-1274. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(78)90462-8

PMID: 4622472 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(78)90462-8

ATC classification(4 codes)

ATC C08CA55

ATC C08GA01

ATC C08CA05

ATC C07FB03

Affected organisms(1)

Humans and other mammals

International brands(8)

Experimental properties(3)

External resources(2)

RxList Drugs.com

Protein Data Bank entries(1)

6jp5

Commercial products(449)

Chemical identifiers

CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references

Show

Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Nifedipine

DB01115

CAS number

21829-25-4

UNII (FDA)

I9ZF7L6G2L

InChI Key (molecular fingerprint)

HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Additional database identifiers

Drugs Product Database (DPD)

1966

ChEBI

7565

PubChem Compound

4485

PubChem Substance

46505103

KEGG Compound

C07266

KEGG Drug

D00437

ChemSpider

4330

BindingDB

50101817

PharmGKB

PA450631

PDB

C5U

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP000529

IUPHAR

2514

Guide to Pharmacology

2514

Wikipedia

Nifedipine

ChEMBL

CHEMBL193

ZINC

ZINC000085205448

RxCUI

7417

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1390

GenAtlas

CACNA1C

GeneCards

CACNA1C

GenBank Gene Database

M92270

IUPHAR

529

Guide to Pharmacology

529

UniProtKB

Q13936

UniProt Accession

CAC1C_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1391

GenAtlas

CACNA1D

GeneCards

CACNA1D

GenBank Gene Database

M76558

GenBank Protein Database

179764

IUPHAR

530

Guide to Pharmacology

530

UniProtKB

Q01668

UniProt Accession

CAC1D_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1402

GenAtlas

CACNB2

GeneCards

CACNB2

GenBank Gene Database

S60415

GenBank Protein Database

300417

UniProtKB

Q08289

UniProt Accession

CACB2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:7968

GenAtlas

NR1I2

GeneCards

NR1I2

GenBank Gene Database

AF061056

GenBank Protein Database

3511138

IUPHAR

606

Guide to Pharmacology

606

UniProtKB

O75469

UniProt Accession

NR1I2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1397

GenAtlas

CACNA1S

GeneCards

CACNA1S

GenBank Gene Database

U30707

GenBank Protein Database

1698403

IUPHAR

528

Guide to Pharmacology

528

UniProtKB

Q13698

UniProt Accession

CAC1S_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:6239

GeneCards

KCND3

GenBank Gene Database

AF048712

GenBank Protein Database

2935434

UniProtKB

Q9UK17

UniProt Accession

KCND3_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1394

GenAtlas

CACNA1G

GenBank Gene Database

AF134986

GenBank Protein Database

6625659

IUPHAR

535

Guide to Pharmacology

535

UniProtKB

O43497

UniProt Accession

CAC1G_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1395

GenAtlas

CACNA1H

GeneCards

CACNA1H

GenBank Gene Database

AF051946

GenBank Protein Database

14670397

IUPHAR

536

Guide to Pharmacology

536

UniProtKB

O95180

UniProt Accession

CAC1H_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1396

GenAtlas

CACNA1I

GeneCards

CACNA1I

GenBank Gene Database

AF129133

GenBank Protein Database

5565888

IUPHAR

537

Guide to Pharmacology

537

UniProtKB

Q9P0X4

UniProt Accession

CAC1I_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1442

GeneCards

CALM1

UniProtKB

P0DP23

UniProt Accession

CALM1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1445

GeneCards

CALM2

UniProtKB

P0DP24

UniProt Accession

CALM2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1449

GeneCards

CALM3

UniProtKB

P0DP25

UniProt Accession

CALM3_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2637

GenAtlas

CYP3A4

GeneCards

CYP3A4

GenBank Gene Database

M18907

Guide to Pharmacology

1337

UniProtKB

P08684

UniProt Accession

CP3A4_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2625

GenAtlas

CYP2D6

GeneCards

CYP2D6

GenBank Gene Database

M20403

GenBank Protein Database

181350

Guide to Pharmacology

1329

UniProtKB

P10635

UniProt Accession

CP2D6_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2596

GenAtlas

CYP1A2

GeneCards

CYP1A2

GenBank Gene Database

Z00036

Guide to Pharmacology

1319

UniProtKB

P05177

UniProt Accession

CP1A2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2610

GenAtlas

CYP2A6

GeneCards

CYP2A6

GenBank Gene Database

X13897

Guide to Pharmacology

1321

UniProtKB

P11509

UniProt Accession

CP2A6_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2622

GenAtlas

CYP2C8

GeneCards

CYP2C8

GenBank Gene Database

M17397

Guide to Pharmacology

1325

UniProtKB

P10632

UniProt Accession

CP2C8_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2595

GeneCards

CYP1A1

GenBank Gene Database

K03191

GenBank Protein Database

181276

Guide to Pharmacology

1318

UniProtKB

P04798

UniProt Accession

CP1A1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2615

GeneCards

CYP2B6

GenBank Gene Database

M29874

GenBank Protein Database

181296

Guide to Pharmacology

1324

UniProtKB

P20813

UniProt Accession

CP2B6_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2631

GeneCards

CYP2E1

GenBank Gene Database

J02625

GenBank Protein Database

181360

Guide to Pharmacology

1330

UniProtKB

P05181

UniProt Accession

CP2E1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2623

GenAtlas

CYP2C9

GeneCards

CYP2C9

GenBank Gene Database

AY341248

Guide to Pharmacology

1326

UniProtKB

P11712

UniProt Accession

CP2C9_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2638

GenAtlas

CYP3A5

GeneCards

CYP3A5

GenBank Gene Database

J04813

GenBank Protein Database

181346

Guide to Pharmacology

1338

UniProtKB

P20815

UniProt Accession

CP3A5_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:399

GenAtlas

ALB

GeneCards

ALB

GenBank Gene Database

V00494

GenBank Protein Database

28590

UniProtKB

P02768

UniProt Accession

ALBU_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:8498

GenAtlas

ORM1

GeneCards

ORM1

GenBank Gene Database

X02544

GenBank Protein Database

757907

UniProtKB

P02763

UniProt Accession

A1AG1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:8499

GeneCards

ORM2

GenBank Gene Database

BC015964

GenBank Protein Database

16359000

UniProtKB

P19652

UniProt Accession

A1AG2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:54

GenAtlas

ABCC3

GeneCards

ABCC3

GenBank Gene Database

AB010887

GenBank Protein Database

3132270

UniProtKB

O15438

UniProt Accession

MRP3_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:40

GenAtlas

ABCB1

GeneCards

ABCB1

GenBank Gene Database

M14758

GenBank Protein Database

307180

Guide to Pharmacology

768

UniProtKB

P08183

UniProt Accession

MDR1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:53

GenAtlas

ABCC2

GeneCards

ABCC2

GenBank Gene Database

U63970

GenBank Protein Database

1764162

Guide to Pharmacology

780

UniProtKB

Q92887

UniProt Accession

MRP2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:10959

GenAtlas

SLCO1B1

GeneCards

SLCO1B1

GenBank Gene Database

AF060500

GenBank Protein Database

5051630

Guide to Pharmacology

1220

UniProtKB

Q9Y6L6

UniProt Accession

SO1B1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:42

GenAtlas

ABCB11

GeneCards

ABCB11

GenBank Gene Database

AF091582

GenBank Protein Database

3873243

Guide to Pharmacology

778

UniProtKB

O95342

UniProt Accession

ABCBB_HUMAN

International reference pricing

35 formulations

Reference pricing from DrugBank. Prices are indicative and may not reflect current UK costs.

From $0.09/caplet

To $15.30/g

Coral calcium 1000 mg caplet

$0.09/caplet

Coral calcium plus 1500 mg caplet

$0.13/caplet

Apo-Nifed 5 mg Capsule

$0.39/capsule

Apo-Nifed 10 mg Capsule

$0.51/capsule

NIFEdipine 10 mg capsule

$0.97/capsule

Source: DrugBank. Used under CC BY-NC 4.0 academic licence for non-commercial purposes.

Patent information

All patents expired, 1 expired

5264446

United States

Approved 23 Nov 1993 · Expires 23 Nov 2010

Expired

Patent protection has expired — generic versions may be available.

Source: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0. Patent data sourced from national patent offices. Expiry dates may not reflect extensions, regulatory exclusivity periods, or legal challenges.

DrugBank citations

If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:

Knox C., Wilson M., Klinger C.M., et al

DrugBank 6.

0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024

Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 552(D1):D1265-D1275

PMID: 37953279

Wishart D.S., Feunang Y.D., Guo A.C., et al

DrugBank 5.

0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018

Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Nov 846(D1):D1074-D1082

PMID: 29126136

Show earlier publications

Law V., Knox C., Djoumbou Y., et al

DrugBank 4.

0: shedding new light on drug metabolism

Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 142(1):D1091-7

PMID: 24203711

Knox C., Law V., Jewison T., et al

DrugBank 3.

0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs

Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan39(Database issue):D1035-41

PMID: 21059682

Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al

DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets.

Nucleic Acids Research

2008 Jan36(Database issue):D901-6

PMID: 18048412

Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al

DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.

Nucleic Acids Research

2006 Jan 134(Database issue):D668-72

PMID: 16381955

Source: go.drugbank.comCC BY-NC 4.0

Updated 26 days ago(8 Mar 2026)

Back to medicines

Nifedipine 2% ointment

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Nifedipine 2% ointment

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Nifedipine

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