Magnesium glycinate 100mg tablets

Magnesium (Mg) plays a key role in neurological functioning and manifestations. However, the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohorts on Mg and cognitive health among adults has not been systematically reviewed. We aimed to examine the associations of various Mg forms (supplements, dietary intake, and biomarkers) with cognitive outcomes by summarizing evidence from RCTs and cohorts. PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant peer-reviewed articles published up to May 3, 2024. Three random-effects models were performed, when appropriate, to evaluate the relationship between Mg and cognitive outcomes: 1) linear meta-regression, 2) nonlinear (quadratic) meta-regression, and 3) meta-analysis using Mg variables categorized based on pre-existing recommendations. Three RCTs and 12 cohort studies were included in this systematic review. Evidence from the limited number of RCTs was insufficient to draw conclusions on the effects of Mg supplements. Cohort studies showed inconsistent dose-response relationships between dietary Mg and cognitive disorders, with high heterogeneity across populations. However, consistent U-shape associations of serum Mg with all-cause dementia and cognitive impairment were found in cohorts, suggesting an optimal serum Mg concentration of ∼0.85 mmol/L. This nonlinear association was detected in meta-regression (Pquadratic = 0.003) and in meta-analysis based on the reference interval of serum Mg (0.75-0.95 mmol/L) [0.95 compared with 0.85 mmol/L: pooled HR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.64]. More evidence from RCTs and cohorts is warranted. Future cohort studies should evaluate various Mg biomarkers and collect repeated measurements of Mg intake over time, considering different sources (diet or supplements) and factors affecting absorption (for example, calcium-to-Mg intake ratio). This systematic review was preregistered in PROSPERO (CRD42023423663).

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Magnesium plays a crucial role in over 300 enzymatic reactions related to energy production, muscle contraction, and nerve function. Given its essential biological functions and increasing prevalence of suboptimal intake, magnesium supplementation has gained attention for its potential health benefits, particularly in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of dietary and supplemental magnesium on several biomarkers related to oxidative stress and inflammation. A systematic search of studies published from 2000 to 2025 identified 28 relevant articles, including both animal and human studies. The meta-analysis assessed the effects of magnesium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers such as nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and C-reactive protein (CRP). While results showed a statistically significant reduction in CRP levels, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect, no conclusive impact on oxidative stress biomarkers was observed. The findings highlight magnesium's potential role in inflammation regulation, though its direct antioxidant effects remain uncertain. Further high-quality clinical trials are needed to clarify the impact of magnesium supplementation on oxidative stress and to explore its broader health implications.

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BackgroundMagnesium is a micronutrient and an intracellular cation responsible for different biochemical reactions involved in energy production and storage, control of neuronal and vasomotor activity, cardiac excitability, and muscle contraction. Magnesium deficiency may result in impaired physical performance. Moreover, magnesium plays an important role on delayed onset muscle soreness after training. Thus, physically active individuals and sport specialists have to pay attention to magnesium supplementation (MgS). However, the type, timing and dosage of magnesium intake are not well elucidated yet. Hence, we aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of MgS on muscle soreness in physically active individuals. We focused exclusively on MgS, excluding those studies in which magnesium was administered together with other substances.MethodsThree electronic databases and literature sources (PUBMED, SCOPUS and Web of Sciences-Core Collection) were searched, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. After the database search, 1254 articles were identified, and after excluding duplicates, 960 articles remained. Among these, 955 were excluded following the title and abstract screening. The remaining 5 articles were screened in full text and 4 study met the eligibility criteria.ResultsThese studies showed that MgS reduced muscle soreness, improved performance, recovery and induced a protective effect on muscle damage.ConclusionTo reach these positive effects, individuals engaged in intense exercise should have a Mg requirement 10-20% higher than sedentary people, to be taken in capsules and 2 h before training. Moreover, it is suggested to maintain magnesium levels in the recommended range during the off-season.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO registration number: CRD42024501822.

Abstract licence: CC BY