Lercanidipine 10mg tablets

Kidneys are responsible for many crucial biological processes in the human body, including maintaining the water-electrolyte balance, pH, and blood pressure (BP), along with the elimination of toxins. Despite this, chronic kidney disease (CKD), which affects more and more people, is a disease that develops insidiously without causing any symptoms at first. The main purpose of this article is to summarize the existing literature on lercanidipine, with a particular focus on its nephroprotective properties. Lercanidipine is a third-generation dihydropyridine (DHP) blocker of calcium channels, and as such it possesses unique qualities such as high lipophilicity and high vascular selectivity. Furthermore, it acts by reversibly inhibiting L-type and T-type calcium channels responsible for exerting positive renal effects. It has been shown to reduce tissue inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, contributing to a decrease in proteinuria. Moreover, it exhibited antioxidative effects and increased expression of molecules responsible for repairing damaged tissues. It also decreased cell proliferation, preventing thickening of the vascular lumen. This article summarizes studies simultaneously comparing the effect of lercanidipine with other antihypertensive drugs. There is still a lack of studies on the medications used in patients with CKD, and an even greater lack of studies on those used in patients with concomitant hypertension. Therefore, further studies on lercanidipine and its potential in hypertensive patients with coexisting CKD are required.

Abstract licence: CC BY

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are a class of pharmaceutical compounds frequently used to treat a variety of cardiovascular and neurological problems. For such drugs to be therapeutically effective and patient-safe, their exact and accurate determination is essential. A detailed description of the analytical methods used to determine three of the calcium channel blockers, namely, lercanidipine, Nimodipine and Nifedipineis provided in a brief review article with 101 references.It includes a thorough review of research articles published up to September 2023. High-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, electrochemical, capillary electrophoresis and spectroscopic techniques including UV-Visible and spectrofluorometry are only a few of the analytical methods covered in the paper. These techniques provide excellent CCB quantification in a variety of matrices with high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. In order to perform precise and reliable analysis of these CCBs, the research emphasizes the significance of sample preparation procedures, extraction methodologies, and validation criteria. Additionally, it explores current developments in analytical instrumentation and how they can be used to analyze lercanidipine, nimodipine, and nifedipine.

Abstract licence: CC BY

A rapid, sensitive, and selective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of five dihydropyridines calcium channel blockers, namely: amlodipine (AML), nifedipine (NIF), lercanidipine (LER), nimodipine (NIM) and nitrendipine (NIT) using Quality by Design approaches (QbD). The chromatographic separation was achieved on Luna C8 (100 × 4.6 mm 3 μm) column using an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-methanol - 0.7% triethylamine pH 3.06 (30-35-35) adjusted with ortho phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1 mL/min with UV detection at 237 nm. The optimized method demonstrated good chromatographic resolution with average retention times of 2.93, 3.98, 4.98, 6.32 and 7.75 min for AML, NIF, LER, NIT and NIM, respectively. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, showing linearity in the concentration range of 10-50 µg/mL with correlation coefficients (r²) ≥ 0.9989 for all analytes. The method demonstrated high trueness (99.11-100.09%) and precision (RSD < 1.1%). The validated method was successfully applied for the determination of these drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations, with recovery values ranging from 99.57 to 100.07% and without significant interference from excipients. Greenness and practicality evaluations detected using AGREE, MoGAPI, complex MoGAPI, AGSA, CaFRI, BAGI and CACI tools which were, indicating the method's environmental friendliness and excellent practical applicability for routine pharmaceutical quality control analysis.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND