Hydroxyamfetamine 1% eye drops preservative free
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Hydroxyamphetamine is a derivative of amphetamines.
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
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Supply & safety information
Official UK regulator monitoring and safety alerts
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF code shown is the factual mapping value distributed by NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) in the dm+d supplementary file under OGL v3.0; it is not affiliated with, nor licensed from, the publishers of the British National Formulary.
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance
Showing all 10 studies.
Trials: 1 · 1997–2024
Showing all 10 studies, sorted by most relevant.
Walline JJ, Lindsley KB, Vedula SS, et al.
2020
- Myopia, Degenerative
- Cyclopentolate
- Atropine
Domenico Marino, Pietro Stilo
Heliyon, 2024
Ziaragkali S, Kotsalidou A, Trakos N
2018
Iftikhar M, Abariga SA, Hawkins BS, et al.
2021
- Pupil
- Intraoperative Complications
- Mydriatics
Hom J, Sarwar S, Kaleem MA, et al.
2020
Hom J, Sarwar S, Kaleem M, et al.
2019
Woreta F, Mir T, Jampel H
2017
H. Olesen, David Cowan, Ivan Bruunshuus, et al.
Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1997
Thevis M, Sigmund G, Thomas A, et al.
2014
- Doping in Sports
- Dextroamphetamine
- Prodrugs
California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute
2009
Trial registration — a registered study, not a published result.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacological and cognitive effects of MDA in healthy humans. Conditions: Healthy. Interventions: MDA, Placebo.
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov (public domain)
Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
13 found
Half-life
Not available
Mechanism
Hydroxyamphetamine hydrobromide is an indirect acting sympathomimetic agent whic…
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
3 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
Protein binding
Volume of distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
Clearance
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
The main use of hydroxyamphetamines as eye drops is the diagnosis of Horner's syndrome which is characterized by nerve lesions.
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 50 of 57 interactions
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:11459929 PMID:11723224 PMID:15718104 PMID:31399635 PMID:36100653 PMID:37935376 PMID:37935377 PMID:37963465 PMID:38168118
Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, such as amphetamine and methamphetamine .
PMID:31399635 PMID:37935376 PMID:37935377
Unresponsive to classical biogenic amines, such as epinephrine and histamine and only partially activated by dopamine and serotonin .
PMID:11459929 PMID:11723224
Expressed in both the central and peripheral nervous system: TAAR1 activation regulates the activity of several neurotransmitter signaling pathways by (1) decreasing the basal firing rates of the neurons involved and by (2) lowering the sensitivity of receptors to neurotransmitters .
PMID:37935376 PMID:37935377 PMID:37963465 PMID:38168118
Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors .
PMID:31399635 PMID:37935376 PMID:37963465
TAAR1 is coupled with different G(i)/G(o)-, G(s)- or G(q)/G(11) classes of G alpha proteins depending on the ligand .
PMID:31399635 PMID:37935376 PMID:37963465
CAD-binding is coupled to G(i)/G(o) G alpha proteins and mediates inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity .
PMID:37935376 PMID:37963465
T1AM- or beta-PEA-binding is coupled to G(s) G alpha proteins and mediates activation of adenylate cyclase activity .
PMID:37935376 PMID:37963465
CHA- or IAA-binding is coupled to G(q)/G(11) G alpha proteins and activates phospholipase C-beta, releasing diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) second messengers .
PMID:37935376 PMID:37963465
TMA-binding is coupled with all three G(i)/G(o)-, G(s)- or G(q)/G(11) G alpha protein subtypes .
PMID:37935376 PMID:37963465
Amphetamine-binding is coupled with G(s)- or G(12)/G(13) G alpha protein subtypes PMID:31399635
PMID:21645528
Positively regulates postnatal regression of retinal hyaloid vessels via suppression of VEGFR2/KDR activity, downstream of OPN5 (By similarity)
PMID:16423344 PMID:27659709 PMID:29051383 PMID:9003072
Agonist binding triggers signaling via G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase .
PMID:16423344 PMID:27659709 PMID:29051383 PMID:7512953 PMID:7643093
Modulates the circadian rhythm of contrast sensitivity by regulating the rhythmic expression of NPAS2 in the retinal ganglion cells (By similarity)
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Hydroxyamphetamine
Matched from: Hydroxyamfetamine
Additional database identifiers
ChemSpider
3525
BindingDB
81459
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:17734
GenAtlas
TAAR1
GeneCards
TAAR1
GenBank Gene Database
AF380185
GenBank Protein Database
14600074
Guide to Pharmacology
364
UniProt Accession
TAAR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3023
GenAtlas
DRD2
GeneCards
DRD2
GenBank Gene Database
M30625
GenBank Protein Database
181432
Guide to Pharmacology
215
UniProt Accession
DRD2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3025
GenAtlas
DRD4
GeneCards
DRD4
GenBank Gene Database
L12398
GenBank Protein Database
291946
Guide to Pharmacology
217
UniProt Accession
DRD4_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:
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Structured knowledge from the free knowledge base
Linked open data from Wikidata (Q5955531), a free and open knowledge base operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Data is available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication.