Glucose 150mg / Caffeine 30mg tablets

To assess available evidence on the association between anxiety and caffeine consumption in healthy individuals. A high-sensitivity electronic search was performed, as recommended by the Cochrane Handbook, which underwent peer review according to the PRESS Guide, in March 2021 in the following databases: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, LILACS via VHL, APA PsycNet, EMBASE, Scielo, Scopus, Web Of Science and Cinahl. There were no idiomatic or temporal restrictions regarding the studies obtained. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles were evaluated in a paired manner by two review authors for risk of bias and quality of evidence using the ROB-II tool. Statistical analysis was conducted using R version 1.4.1106 with a fixed-effect model, but the specific statistical tests applied were not detailed. 6999 studies were located, of which 6972 were excluded following the PRISMA protocol, leaving 27 articles at the end. The findings indicate a dose-dependent anxiogenic effect of caffeine. However, variations were observed between individuals with low and high habitual caffeine consumption prior to the intervention. Additionally, evidence suggests that caffeine-induced insomnia may have contributed to increased anxiety in the study population. In general, the findings of the present study were predominantly in favor of caffeine associated with increased anxiety symptoms.

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ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of caffeine (CAF) on high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance and examined potential moderators.MethodsSeveral databases were searched for studies of CAF on HIIE performance. Pooled effects were calculated using Hedge's g (g) via a three-level random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed based on sex, training status, CAF dose, CAF form, and interval type. A meta-regression analysis was conducted to investigate the potential moderating effect of the rest/work ratio on HIIE performance.ResultsTwenty studies were included (n = 320; 57 females). CAF significantly improved HIIE performance (g = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.14 to 0.43), concurrently elevating blood lactate (g = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.79) and glucose (g = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.96). Subgroup analyses demonstrated significant improvements across all sexes (g = 0.30-0.34), trained athletes (g = 0.44), CAF dose (low and moderate) (g = 0.28-0.33), CAF form (capsule and beverage) (g = 0.32-0.33), and HIIE protocol (repeated short sprints and short intervals) (g = 0.16-0.36), with no subgroup differences (all p > 0.05). The rest/work ratio was a significant moderator of HIIE performance (β2  = 0.003, p = 0.017).ConclusionCAF ingestion significantly enhances HIIE performance, with ergogenic benefits observed across both sexes and trained athletes. Effective ergogenic benefits can be achieved with a low dose (~3 mg/kg), administered as a capsule or beverage. Notably, meta-regression indicates that the rest/work ratio is a critical moderator of HIIE performance, with evidence of a nonlinear association.

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IntroductionCaffeine is a widely consumed adenosine receptor antagonist with well-documented effects on arousal and performance, but its time-resolved neurophysiological signature across stages of information processing remains fragmented across event-related potential (ERP) paradigms.ObjectivesThis systematic and mechanistic review aimed to (i) identify and catalog human ERP studies testing caffeine effects, (ii) synthesize findings by task domain and ERP component family, and (iii) evaluate moderators including dose, timing, abstinence/withdrawal control, sleep status, and habitual use.MethodsFollowing PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S, we searched multiple databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from inception to 28 November 2025 and conducted a structured narrative synthesis using SWiM (Synthesis Without Meta-analysis, no prespecified quantitative pooling). Risk of bias was assessed using RoB-2 (Risk of Bias 2, including crossover extension) and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions). Of 761 records, 63 controlled human studies met the inclusion criteria. The evidence most consistently supported stage- and context-dependent modulation. Within the P3 family, target-related P3b/P300 latency was frequently shortened, or fatigue-related slowing was prevented, often without parallel increases in amplitude. P300 amplitude findings were mixed and context-dependent: amplitude was often unchanged in rested or low-demand paradigms, but increased or was restored when caffeine counteracted fatigue, sleep loss, sustained attention demands, or high workload. Preparatory activity (CNV/slow negativity) showed selective effects, while early sensory components were comparatively stable in many paradigms; higher doses (approximately 200-400 mg) were associated with weaker early auditory sensory gating in some studies.ConclusionsAcross heterogeneous paradigms, caffeine was associated with context-dependent ERP changes rather than a uniform amplification of ERP amplitudes. The most consistent pattern was shorter or preserved latency of late positive ERP components, particularly in tasks requiring stimulus evaluation or target detection. In some fatigue, sleep deprivation, sustained attention, or high-demand paradigms, caffeine was also associated with larger or restored P300/P3b amplitudes. These findings are compatible with state-dependent changes in attentional engagement or stimulus evaluation, but mechanistic interpretation remains limited by heterogeneity in task paradigms, ERP definitions, dosing, abstinence procedures, and participant caffeine use profiles. Methodological heterogeneity, small samples, inconsistent control of habitual use and withdrawal, and the predominance of healthy young adult samples limit generalizability, particularly to children, older adults, clinical populations, and long-term high-dose caffeine users.

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BackgroundUnfiltered Turkish coffee (UTC) is a traditional drink with high levels of bioactive compounds, but evidence of the associated specific physiological effects is inconclusive, and few studies have examined coffee in general. This pilot study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of daily UTC consumption on cardiovascular parameters, lipid profile, appetite-regulating hormones (leptin, ghrelin), glucose metabolism, inflammatory markers, and sleep quality in healthy young women.MethodsThis is a pilot randomized controlled trial that randomly assigned 40 healthy young women (aged 18-25 years) to intervention and control groups at a 1:1 ratio after 3 weeks of caffeine washout. The intervention group consumed three 40 mL cups of traditional-brewed UTC daily for 4 weeks, whereas the controls maintained abstinence from caffeine. The primary outcomes were cardiovascular (blood pressure, heart rate), lipid parameters, and the secondary ones were appetite hormones (leptin, ghrelin), glucose metabolism (markers), inflammatory biomarkers, and sleep quality, which were evaluated at baseline and at week 4.ResultsUTC consumption produced significant between-group differences (time × group interactions) compared to controls: systolic blood pressure (+3.0 mmHg; p = 0.025), heart rate (+10.6 bpm; p = 0.007), and insomnia severity scores (+4.05 points intervention vs. -1.00 points control; p ≤ 0.001), while significantly decreasing leptin levels (-0.04 ng/mL; p = 0.014). Significant changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were found (p = 0.002), although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) changes were no longer found significant on baseline correction (p = 0.385). Body composition parameters (body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass) remained unchanged throughout the intervention (all p > 0.05). No significant effects were observed for fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), or ghrelin (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsFour weeks of UTC intake in this pilot trial were associated with variations in several cardiometabolic variables: interventions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (+3.0 mmHg) and heart rate (HR) (+11.9 bpm) resulted in higher LDL levels, reduced leptin levels, and poor sleep quality, independent of body composition alterations. However, since the p-values are nominal and not multiplied by a correction, hypothesis-generating results require verification through properly powered studies. These exploratory findings should be considered by individuals with prior cardiovascular risk factors or sleep disorders when considering the intake of unfiltered coffee.Trial registrationThis trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07133373, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07133373). Retrospectively registered on 13 August 2025.

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Roasted coffee's bioactive compounds may affect human glucose metabolism. This pilot clinical trial investigated the impact of coffee roast level, coffee timing, and carbohydrate (CHO) type on blood glucose responses. Healthy participants (15 female and 4 male) completed this six-week, randomized, single-blinded study. Treatments comprised combinations of roast levels (light, medium, or dark), coffee timings (pre-, co-, or post-CHO ingestion), and CHO types: oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) beverages or a standardized breakfast designated as PreO, PreB, CoO, CoB, PostO, and PostB. Subjects consumed 300 mL of test beverages and provided 10 capillary blood samples over 4 h. Coffees were analyzed for caffeine, 3, 4, and 5 chlorogenic acids (CGA), trigonelline, total phenols, color, °Brix, and total dissolved solids (TDS). Significant (p p p Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05119153.

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Catechins in green tea have been reported to enhance glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism. However, the influence of chronic intake timing on these outcomes in older adults has not been fully elucidated. In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effects of green tea intake at different timings on glucose and lipid metabolism in older adults. Forty-five participants aged ≥ 65 years were randomly assigned to morning (n = 15), day (n = 15), or evening (n = 15) group. Participants consumed green tea daily for 8 weeks at specified times (0600-1100, 1100-1600, and 1600-2100 h for the morning, day, and evening groups, respectively). Glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and body composition were evaluated before and after the intervention. Blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin level, body weight, and fat mass decreased with green tea intervention, while muscle mass increased across all groups (all p Trial Registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN): UMIN000058708.

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