Folic acid 100micrograms/5ml oral solution
Prescription only
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Oral solution
5ml
Oral
Folic acid, also known as folate or Vitamin B9, is a member of the B vitamin family and an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA and RNA synthesis.
Active ingredients:
Folic acid
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Source: MHRA Products DatabaseOGL 3.0
Updated 3 months ago(16 Jan 2026)Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
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WHO defined daily dose (DDD)
400 microgram
Not a recommended dose. The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. It is a statistical measure used for research and comparison purposes only.
Source: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, distributed via NHS dm+d BNF mapping files. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
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Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Folic acid
BNF
Drug monograph — bnf.nice.org.ukSource: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
NICE clinical guidance(14)
Maternal and child nutrition: nutrition and weight management in pregnancy, and nutrition in children up to 5 years (NG247)
NG247
NICE guideline
Updated Jan 2025Diabetes in pregnancy (QS109)
QS109
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Updated Sept 2009Fertility problems: assessment and treatment (CG156)
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Clinical guideline
Updated Sept 2017Multiple sclerosis in adults: management (NG220)
NG220
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Updated Jun 2022Community pharmacies: promoting health and wellbeing (NG102)
NG102
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Updated Aug 2018Acute coronary syndromes (NG185)
NG185
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Updated Nov 2020Diabetes in pregnancy: management from preconception to the postnatal period (NG3)
NG3
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Updated Dec 2020Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management (NG133)
NG133
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Updated Apr 2023Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: rituximab (ESUOM39)
ESUOM39
Evidence summary
Updated Feb 2015Twin and triplet pregnancy (NG137)
NG137
NICE guideline
Updated Apr 2024Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
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NHS UK identifiers
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SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA). ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
Not available
Mechanism
Folic acid, as it is biochemically inactive, is converted to tetrahydrofolic aci…
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
5 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
15 to 30 minutes
Folic acid is absorbed rapidly from the small intestine, primarily from the proximal portion.…
Protein binding
Very high to plasma protein
Volume of distribution
Tetrahydrofolic acid derivatives are distributed to all body tissues but are stored primarily in the liver.
Metabolism
Folic acid is metabolized in the liver into the cofactors dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF) by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).
Elimination
5 mg
After a single oral dose of 100 mcg of folic acid in a limited number of normal adults, only a trace amount of the drug appeared in the urine.…
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Status:
Approved
Investigational
Nutraceutical
Vet approved
Small molecule
About this compound
Folic acid, also known as folate or Vitamin B9, is a member of the B vitamin family and an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. More specifically, folic acid is required by the body for the synthesis of purines, pyrimidines, and methionine before incorporation into DNA or protein. Folic acid is particularly important during phases of rapid cell division, such as infancy, pregnancy, and erythropoiesis, and plays a protective factor in the development of cancer. As humans are unable to synthesize folic acid endogenously, diet and supplementation is necessary to prevent deficiencies. For example, folic acid is present in green vegetables, beans, avocado, and some fruits.[L5744]
In order to function within the body, folic acid must first be reduced by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into the cofactors dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). This important pathway, which is required for de novo synthesis of nucleic acids and amino acids, is disrupted by anti-metabolite therapies such as DB00563 as they function as DHFR inhibitors to prevent DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, and therefore prevent the formation of DHF and THF. When used in high doses such as for cancer therapy, or in low doses such as for Rheumatoid Arthritis or psoriasis, DB00563 impedes the body's ability to create folic acid. This results in a deficiency of coenzymes and a resultant buildup of toxic substances that are responsible for numerous adverse side effects. As a result, supplementation with 1-5mg of folic acid is recommended to prevent deficiency and a number of side effects associated with MTX therapy including mouth ulcers and gastrointestinal irritation. DB00650 (also known as folinic acid) supplementation is typically used for high-dose MTX regimens for the treatment of cancer. Levoleucovorin and leucovorin are analogs of tetrahydrofolate (THF) and are able to bypass DHFR reduction to act as a cellular replacement for the co-factor THF.
There are also several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) that are associated with reduced serum and red blood cell folate, including DB00564 (CBZ), DB00252 (PHT), or barbiturates.[A37004] Folic acid is therefore often provided as supplementation to individuals using these medications, particularly to women of child-bearing age.
Inadequate folate levels can result in a number of health concerns including cardiovascular disease, megaloblastic anemias, cognitive deficiencies, and neural tube defects (NTDs). Folic acid is typically supplemented during pregnancy to prevent the development of NTDs and in individuals with alcoholism to prevent the development of neurological disorders, for example.
In order to function within the body, folic acid must first be reduced by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into the cofactors dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). This important pathway, which is required for de novo synthesis of nucleic acids and amino acids, is disrupted by anti-metabolite therapies such as DB00563 as they function as DHFR inhibitors to prevent DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, and therefore prevent the formation of DHF and THF. When used in high doses such as for cancer therapy, or in low doses such as for Rheumatoid Arthritis or psoriasis, DB00563 impedes the body's ability to create folic acid. This results in a deficiency of coenzymes and a resultant buildup of toxic substances that are responsible for numerous adverse side effects. As a result, supplementation with 1-5mg of folic acid is recommended to prevent deficiency and a number of side effects associated with MTX therapy including mouth ulcers and gastrointestinal irritation. DB00650 (also known as folinic acid) supplementation is typically used for high-dose MTX regimens for the treatment of cancer. Levoleucovorin and leucovorin are analogs of tetrahydrofolate (THF) and are able to bypass DHFR reduction to act as a cellular replacement for the co-factor THF.
There are also several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) that are associated with reduced serum and red blood cell folate, including DB00564 (CBZ), DB00252 (PHT), or barbiturates.[A37004] Folic acid is therefore often provided as supplementation to individuals using these medications, particularly to women of child-bearing age.
Inadequate folate levels can result in a number of health concerns including cardiovascular disease, megaloblastic anemias, cognitive deficiencies, and neural tube defects (NTDs). Folic acid is typically supplemented during pregnancy to prevent the development of NTDs and in individuals with alcoholism to prevent the development of neurological disorders, for example.
Properties:
View FDA drug labelsolid
Avg. mass: 441.40 Da
DrugBank indication
Folic acid is indicated for the treatment of folic acid deficiency, megaloblastic anemia, and in anemias of nutritional origins, pregnancy, infancy, or childhood.
Also known as(116)
Acide folique
ácido fólico
Acidum folicum
Folacin
Folate
Folic acid
Folic-acid
Folsäure
Dosage forms(123)
Tablet, coated (Oral) — 1 mg
Tablet (Oral) — 1 mg
Solution (Oral) — 10 mg
Tablet, film coated (Oral) — 10 mg
Tablet, coated (Oral) — 5 mg
Tablet (Oral) — 400 MCG
Solution (Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous) — 1 mg
Solution (Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous) — 100000 mg
Molecular properties(19)
Drug interactions(852)
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Fosphenytoin
Unknown severity
The serum concentration of Fosphenytoin can be decreased when it is combined with Folic acid.
Raltitrexed
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Raltitrexed can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Sulfasalazine
Unknown severity
The serum concentration of Folic acid can be decreased when it is combined with Sulfasalazine.
The serum concentration of Phenytoin can be decreased when it is combined with Folic acid.
Glucarpidase
Moderate
The serum concentration of the active metabolites of Folic acid can be reduced when Folic acid is used in combination with Glucarpidase resulting in a loss in efficacy.
Phenobarbital
Unknown severity
The serum concentration of Phenobarbital can be decreased when it is combined with Folic acid.
The serum concentration of Primidone can be decreased when it is combined with Folic acid.
Pyrimethamine
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Pyrimethamine can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
The therapeutic efficacy of Dapsone can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Trimethoprim
Moderate
Folic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Trimethoprim which could result in a higher serum level.
Methotrexate
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Methotrexate can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
The therapeutic efficacy of Proguanil can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Trimetrexate
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Trimetrexate can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Piritrexim
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Piritrexim can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
The therapeutic efficacy of Metoprine can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
The therapeutic efficacy of Iclaprim can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Pralatrexate
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Pralatrexate can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Aminopterin
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Aminopterin can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Lometrexol
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Lometrexol can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Nolatrexed
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Nolatrexed can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Brodimoprim
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Brodimoprim can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Cycloguanil
Moderate
The therapeutic efficacy of Cycloguanil can be decreased when used in combination with Folic acid.
Valproic acid
Unknown severity
The serum concentration of Folic acid can be decreased when it is combined with Valproic acid.
Colestipol
Unknown severity
The serum concentration of Folic acid can be decreased when it is combined with Colestipol.
Carbamazepine
Unknown severity
The serum concentration of Folic acid can be decreased when it is combined with Carbamazepine.
Cyclosporine
Moderate
Cyclosporine may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Pravastatin
Moderate
Pravastatin may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Pantoprazole
Moderate
Pantoprazole may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Nelfinavir
Moderate
Nelfinavir may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Diethylstilbestrol
Moderate
Diethylstilbestrol may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Gefitinib may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Beclomethasone dipropionate may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Progesterone
Moderate
Progesterone may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Folic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Sorafenib which could result in a higher serum level.
Lansoprazole
Moderate
Lansoprazole may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Ritonavir may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Erlotinib may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Imatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Estradiol may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Buprenorphine
Moderate
Buprenorphine may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Telmisartan
Moderate
Telmisartan may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Novobiocin
Moderate
Novobiocin may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Hesperetin
Moderate
Hesperetin may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Rabeprazole
Moderate
Rabeprazole may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Saquinavir
Moderate
Saquinavir may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Dexamethasone
Moderate
Dexamethasone may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Dasatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Sunitinib may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Genistein may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Topiroxostat
Moderate
Topiroxostat may decrease the excretion rate of Folic acid which could result in a higher serum level.
Showing 50 of 852 interactions
Toxicity & overdose
IPR-MUS LD50 85 mg/kg,IVN-GPG LD50 120 mg/kg, IVN-MUS LD50 239 mg/kg, IVN-RAT LD50 500 mg/kg, IVN-RBT LD50 410 mg/kg
How it works
Mechanism of action
Folic acid, as it is biochemically inactive, is converted to tetrahydrofolic acid and methyltetrahydrofolate by dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). These folic acid congeners are transported across cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis where they are needed to maintain normal erythropoiesis, synthesize purine and thymidylate nucleic acids, interconvert amino acids, methylate tRNA, and generate and use formate. Using vitamin B12 as a cofactor, folic acid can normalize high homocysteine levels by remethylation of homocysteine to methionine via methionine synthetase.
Pharmacodynamics
Folic acid is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin found in foods such as liver, kidney, yeast, and leafy, green vegetables. Also known as folate or Vitamin B9, folic acid is an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. More specifically, folic acid is required by the body for the synthesis of purines, pyrimidines, and methionine before incorporation into DNA or protein. Folic acid is the precursor of tetrahydrofolic acid, which is involved as a cofactor for transformylation reactions in the biosynthesis of purines and thymidylates of nucleic acids. Impairment of thymidylate synthesis in patients with folic acid deficiency is thought to account for the defective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis that leads to megaloblast formation and megaloblastic and macrocytic anemias. Folic acid is particularly important during phases of rapid cell division, such as infancy, pregnancy, and erythropoiesis, and plays a protective factor in the development of cancer. As humans are unable to synthesize folic acid endogenously, diet and supplementation is necessary to prevent deficiencies. In order to function properly within the body, folic acid must first be reduced by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into the cofactors dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). This important pathway, which is required for de novo synthesis of nucleic acids and amino acids, is disrupted by anti-metabolite therapies such as DB00563 as they function as DHFR inhibitors to prevent DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, and therefore prevent the formation of DHF and THF.
In general, folate serum levels below 5 ng/mL indicate folate deficiency, and levels below 2 ng/mL usually result in megaloblastic anemia.
In general, folate serum levels below 5 ng/mL indicate folate deficiency, and levels below 2 ng/mL usually result in megaloblastic anemia.
Pharmacokinetics
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Absorption
Folic acid is absorbed rapidly from the small intestine, primarily from the proximal portion. Naturally occurring conjugated folates are reduced enzymatically to folic acid in the gastrointestinal tract prior to absorption. Folic acid appears in the plasma approximately 15 to 30 minutes after an oral dose; peak levels are generally reached within 1 hour.[FDA Label]
Protein binding
Very high to plasma protein
Volume of distribution
Tetrahydrofolic acid derivatives are distributed to all body tissues but are stored primarily in the liver.
Metabolism
Folic acid is metabolized in the liver into the cofactors dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF) by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).
Route of elimination
After a single oral dose of 100 mcg of folic acid in a limited number of normal adults, only a trace amount of the drug appeared in the urine. An oral dose of 5 mg in 1 study and a dose of 40 mcg/kg of body weight in another study resulted in approximately 50% of the dose appearing in the urine. After a single oral dose of 15 mg, up to 90% of the dose was recovered in the urine.
A majority of the metabolic products appeared in the urine after 6 hours; excretion was generally complete within 24 hours. Small amounts of orally administered folic acid have also been recovered in the feces. Folic acid is also excreted in the milk of lactating mothers.
A majority of the metabolic products appeared in the urine after 6 hours; excretion was generally complete within 24 hours. Small amounts of orally administered folic acid have also been recovered in the feces. Folic acid is also excreted in the milk of lactating mothers.
Drug targets(5)
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
Reduced folate transporter
SLC19A1
modulator
Specific function2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Antiporter that mediates the import of reduced folates or a subset of cyclic dinucleotides, driven by the export of organic anions .
PMID:10787414 PMID:15337749 PMID:16115875 PMID:22554803 PMID:31126740 PMID:31511694 PMID:32276275 PMID:36071163 PMID:36265513 PMID:36575193 PMID:7826387 PMID:9041240
Acts as an importer of immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotides, such as cyclic GMP-AMP (2'-3'-cGAMP), an immune messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol, and its linkage isomer 3'-3'-cGAMP, thus playing a role in triggering larger immune responses .
PMID:31126740 PMID:31511694 PMID:36745868
Mechanistically, acts as a secondary active transporter, which exports intracellular organic anions down their concentration gradients to facilitate the uptake of its substrates .
PMID:22554803 PMID:31126740 PMID:31511694
Has high affinity for N5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the predominant circulating form of folate .
PMID:10787414 PMID:14609557 PMID:22554803 PMID:36071163 PMID:36265513 PMID:36575193
Also mediates the import of antifolate drug methotrexate .
PMID:22554803 PMID:36071163 PMID:7615551 PMID:7641195 PMID:9767079
5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), when phosphorylated to AICAR monophosphate, can serve as an organic anion for antiporter activity PMID:22554803
PMID:10787414 PMID:15337749 PMID:16115875 PMID:22554803 PMID:31126740 PMID:31511694 PMID:32276275 PMID:36071163 PMID:36265513 PMID:36575193 PMID:7826387 PMID:9041240
Acts as an importer of immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotides, such as cyclic GMP-AMP (2'-3'-cGAMP), an immune messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol, and its linkage isomer 3'-3'-cGAMP, thus playing a role in triggering larger immune responses .
PMID:31126740 PMID:31511694 PMID:36745868
Mechanistically, acts as a secondary active transporter, which exports intracellular organic anions down their concentration gradients to facilitate the uptake of its substrates .
PMID:22554803 PMID:31126740 PMID:31511694
Has high affinity for N5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the predominant circulating form of folate .
PMID:10787414 PMID:14609557 PMID:22554803 PMID:36071163 PMID:36265513 PMID:36575193
Also mediates the import of antifolate drug methotrexate .
PMID:22554803 PMID:36071163 PMID:7615551 PMID:7641195 PMID:9767079
5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), when phosphorylated to AICAR monophosphate, can serve as an organic anion for antiporter activity PMID:22554803
Proton-coupled folate transporter
SLC46A1
modulator
Specific functionfolic acid binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Proton-coupled folate symporter that mediates folate absorption using an H(+) gradient as a driving force .
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:19762432 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:31792273 PMID:32893190 PMID:34619546
Involved in the intestinal absorption of folates at the brush-border membrane of the proximal jejunum, and the transport from blood to cerebrospinal fluid across the choroid plexus .
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:32893190
Functions at acidic pH via alternate outward- and inward-open conformation states .
PMID:32893190 PMID:34040256
Protonation of residues in the outward open state primes the protein for transport .
PMID:34040256
Binding of folate promotes breaking of salt bridge network and subsequent closure of the extracellular gate, leading to the inward-open state and release of protons and folate .
PMID:34040256
Also able to transport antifolate drugs, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed, which are established treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases .
PMID:18524888 PMID:19762432 PMID:22345511 PMID:25608532 PMID:28802835 PMID:29326243 PMID:34040256 PMID:34619546
Involved in FOLR1-mediated endocytosis by serving as a route of export of folates from acidified endosomes .
PMID:19074442
Also acts as a lower-affinity, pH-independent heme carrier protein and constitutes the main importer of heme in the intestine .
PMID:17156779
Imports heme in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium, in neurons of the hippocampus, in hepatocytes and in the renal epithelial cells .
PMID:32621820
Hence, participates in the trafficking of heme and increases intracellular iron content PMID:32621820
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:19762432 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:31792273 PMID:32893190 PMID:34619546
Involved in the intestinal absorption of folates at the brush-border membrane of the proximal jejunum, and the transport from blood to cerebrospinal fluid across the choroid plexus .
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:32893190
Functions at acidic pH via alternate outward- and inward-open conformation states .
PMID:32893190 PMID:34040256
Protonation of residues in the outward open state primes the protein for transport .
PMID:34040256
Binding of folate promotes breaking of salt bridge network and subsequent closure of the extracellular gate, leading to the inward-open state and release of protons and folate .
PMID:34040256
Also able to transport antifolate drugs, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed, which are established treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases .
PMID:18524888 PMID:19762432 PMID:22345511 PMID:25608532 PMID:28802835 PMID:29326243 PMID:34040256 PMID:34619546
Involved in FOLR1-mediated endocytosis by serving as a route of export of folates from acidified endosomes .
PMID:19074442
Also acts as a lower-affinity, pH-independent heme carrier protein and constitutes the main importer of heme in the intestine .
PMID:17156779
Imports heme in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium, in neurons of the hippocampus, in hepatocytes and in the renal epithelial cells .
PMID:32621820
Hence, participates in the trafficking of heme and increases intracellular iron content PMID:32621820
Folate receptor gamma
FOLR3
binder
Specific functionfolic acid binding
Cellular location
Secreted
General function & pharmacology
Binds to folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to the interior of cells. Isoform Short does not bind folate
Folate receptor beta
FOLR2
binder
Specific functionfolic acid binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Binds to folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folate analogs into the interior of cells. Has high affinity for folate and folic acid analogs at neutral pH. Exposure to slightly acidic pH after receptor endocytosis triggers a conformation change that strongly reduces its affinity for folates and mediates their release
Folate receptor alpha
FOLR1
binder
Specific functionfolic acid binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Binds to folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folate analogs into the interior of cells .
PMID:19074442 PMID:23851396 PMID:23934049 PMID:2527252 PMID:8033114 PMID:8567728
Has high affinity for folate and folic acid analogs at neutral pH .
PMID:23851396 PMID:23934049 PMID:2527252 PMID:8033114 PMID:8567728
Exposure to slightly acidic pH after receptor endocytosis triggers a conformation change that strongly reduces its affinity for folates and mediates their release .
PMID:8567728
Required for normal embryonic development and normal cell proliferation (By similarity)
PMID:19074442 PMID:23851396 PMID:23934049 PMID:2527252 PMID:8033114 PMID:8567728
Has high affinity for folate and folic acid analogs at neutral pH .
PMID:23851396 PMID:23934049 PMID:2527252 PMID:8033114 PMID:8567728
Exposure to slightly acidic pH after receptor endocytosis triggers a conformation change that strongly reduces its affinity for folates and mediates their release .
PMID:8567728
Required for normal embryonic development and normal cell proliferation (By similarity)
Metabolizing enzymes(3)
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Enzyme activity key
substrate
inhibitor
inducer
GGHGamma-glutamyl hydrolase
substrate
MTHFRMethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH)
substrate
DHFRDihydrofolate reductase
substrate
Transporters(7)
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11
ABCC11
substrate
Specific functionABC-type bile acid transporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes physiological compounds and xenobiotics from cells. Plays a role in physiological processes involving bile acids, conjugated steroids and cyclic nucleotides, including cAMP and cGMP .
PMID:12764137 PMID:15537867
Mediates the ATP-dependent efflux of a range of physiological lipophilic anions, including the glutathione S-conjugates leukotriene C4 and dinitrophenyl S-glutathione, steroid sulfates, such as dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate (DHEAS) and estrone 3-sulfate, glucuronides such as estradiol 17-beta-D-glucuronide (E(2)17betaG), the monoanionic bile acids glycocholate and taurocholate, and methotrexate .
PMID:15537867 PMID:16359813 PMID:25896536
Plays a role in the transport of earwax components .
PMID:16444273 PMID:19383836
Participates in the secretion of odorants and their precursors from the apocrine sweat glands, including the secretion of glutamine conjugates, as well as the Cys-Gly-(S) conjugates of 3-methyl-3-sulfanyl-hexanol .
PMID:19710689
Involved in the cellular extrusion of nucleotide analogs, hence confering resistance to various drugs, including clinically relevant drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate PMID:12764137 PMID:15537867 PMID:25896536
PMID:12764137 PMID:15537867
Mediates the ATP-dependent efflux of a range of physiological lipophilic anions, including the glutathione S-conjugates leukotriene C4 and dinitrophenyl S-glutathione, steroid sulfates, such as dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate (DHEAS) and estrone 3-sulfate, glucuronides such as estradiol 17-beta-D-glucuronide (E(2)17betaG), the monoanionic bile acids glycocholate and taurocholate, and methotrexate .
PMID:15537867 PMID:16359813 PMID:25896536
Plays a role in the transport of earwax components .
PMID:16444273 PMID:19383836
Participates in the secretion of odorants and their precursors from the apocrine sweat glands, including the secretion of glutamine conjugates, as well as the Cys-Gly-(S) conjugates of 3-methyl-3-sulfanyl-hexanol .
PMID:19710689
Involved in the cellular extrusion of nucleotide analogs, hence confering resistance to various drugs, including clinically relevant drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate PMID:12764137 PMID:15537867 PMID:25896536
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3
ABCC3
substrate
Specific functionABC-type bile acid transporter activity
Cellular location
Basolateral cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that binds and hydrolyzes ATP to enable active transport of various substrates including many drugs, toxicants and endogenous compound across cell membranes .
PMID:10359813 PMID:11581266 PMID:15083066
Transports glucuronide conjugates such as bilirubin diglucuronide, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide and GSH conjugates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4) .
PMID:11581266 PMID:15083066
Transports also various bile salts (taurocholate, glycocholate, taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate, taurolithocholate- 3-sulfate) (By similarity). Does not contribute substantially to bile salt physiology but provides an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocytes (By similarity). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable).
Can confer resistance to various anticancer drugs, methotrexate, tenoposide and etoposide, by decreasing accumulation of these drugs in cells PMID:10359813 PMID:11581266
PMID:10359813 PMID:11581266 PMID:15083066
Transports glucuronide conjugates such as bilirubin diglucuronide, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide and GSH conjugates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4) .
PMID:11581266 PMID:15083066
Transports also various bile salts (taurocholate, glycocholate, taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate, taurolithocholate- 3-sulfate) (By similarity). Does not contribute substantially to bile salt physiology but provides an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocytes (By similarity). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable).
Can confer resistance to various anticancer drugs, methotrexate, tenoposide and etoposide, by decreasing accumulation of these drugs in cells PMID:10359813 PMID:11581266
Solute carrier family 22 member 6
SLC22A6
inhibitor
Specific functionalpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity
Cellular location
Basolateral cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Secondary active transporter that functions as a Na(+)-independent organic anion (OA)/dicarboxylate antiporter where the uptake of one molecule of OA into the cell is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of intracellular dicarboxylate such as 2-oxoglutarate or glutarate .
PMID:11669456 PMID:11907186 PMID:14675047 PMID:22108572 PMID:23832370 PMID:28534121 PMID:9950961
Mediates the uptake of OA across the basolateral side of proximal tubule epithelial cells, thereby contributing to the renal elimination of endogenous OA from the systemic circulation into the urine .
PMID:9887087
Functions as a biopterin transporters involved in the uptake and the secretion of coenzymes tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), dihydrobiopterin (BH2) and sepiapterin to urine, thereby determining baseline levels of blood biopterins .
PMID:28534121
Transports prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) and may contribute to their renal excretion .
PMID:11907186
Also mediates the uptake of cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP and cGMP .
PMID:26377792
Involved in the transport of neuroactive tryptophan metabolites kynurenate (KYNA) and xanthurenate (XA) and may contribute to their secretion from the brain .
PMID:22108572 PMID:23832370
May transport glutamate .
PMID:26377792
Also involved in the disposition of uremic toxins and potentially toxic xenobiotics by the renal organic anion secretory pathway, helping reduce their undesired toxicological effects on the body .
PMID:11669456 PMID:14675047
Uremic toxins include the indoxyl sulfate (IS), hippurate/N-benzoylglycine (HA), indole acetate (IA), 3-carboxy-4- methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF) and urate .
PMID:14675047 PMID:26377792
Xenobiotics include the mycotoxin ochratoxin (OTA) .
PMID:11669456
May also contribute to the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier PMID:35307651
PMID:11669456 PMID:11907186 PMID:14675047 PMID:22108572 PMID:23832370 PMID:28534121 PMID:9950961
Mediates the uptake of OA across the basolateral side of proximal tubule epithelial cells, thereby contributing to the renal elimination of endogenous OA from the systemic circulation into the urine .
PMID:9887087
Functions as a biopterin transporters involved in the uptake and the secretion of coenzymes tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), dihydrobiopterin (BH2) and sepiapterin to urine, thereby determining baseline levels of blood biopterins .
PMID:28534121
Transports prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) and may contribute to their renal excretion .
PMID:11907186
Also mediates the uptake of cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP and cGMP .
PMID:26377792
Involved in the transport of neuroactive tryptophan metabolites kynurenate (KYNA) and xanthurenate (XA) and may contribute to their secretion from the brain .
PMID:22108572 PMID:23832370
May transport glutamate .
PMID:26377792
Also involved in the disposition of uremic toxins and potentially toxic xenobiotics by the renal organic anion secretory pathway, helping reduce their undesired toxicological effects on the body .
PMID:11669456 PMID:14675047
Uremic toxins include the indoxyl sulfate (IS), hippurate/N-benzoylglycine (HA), indole acetate (IA), 3-carboxy-4- methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF) and urate .
PMID:14675047 PMID:26377792
Xenobiotics include the mycotoxin ochratoxin (OTA) .
PMID:11669456
May also contribute to the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier PMID:35307651
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4
ABCC4
inhibitor
Specific function15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
Cellular location
Basolateral cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes physiological compounds and xenobiotics from cells. Transports a range of endogenous molecules that have a key role in cellular communication and signaling, including cyclic nucleotides such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP), bile acids, steroid conjugates, urate, and prostaglandins .
PMID:11856762 PMID:12523936 PMID:12835412 PMID:12883481 PMID:15364914 PMID:15454390 PMID:16282361 PMID:17959747 PMID:18300232 PMID:26721430
Mediates the ATP-dependent efflux of glutathione conjugates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) too. The presence of GSH is necessary for the ATP-dependent transport of LTB4, whereas GSH is not required for the transport of LTC4 .
PMID:17959747
Mediates the cotransport of bile acids with reduced glutathione (GSH) .
PMID:12523936 PMID:12883481 PMID:16282361
Transports a wide range of drugs and their metabolites, including anticancer, antiviral and antibiotics molecules .
PMID:11856762 PMID:12105214 PMID:15454390 PMID:17344354 PMID:18300232
Confers resistance to anticancer agents such as methotrexate PMID:11106685
PMID:11856762 PMID:12523936 PMID:12835412 PMID:12883481 PMID:15364914 PMID:15454390 PMID:16282361 PMID:17959747 PMID:18300232 PMID:26721430
Mediates the ATP-dependent efflux of glutathione conjugates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) too. The presence of GSH is necessary for the ATP-dependent transport of LTB4, whereas GSH is not required for the transport of LTC4 .
PMID:17959747
Mediates the cotransport of bile acids with reduced glutathione (GSH) .
PMID:12523936 PMID:12883481 PMID:16282361
Transports a wide range of drugs and their metabolites, including anticancer, antiviral and antibiotics molecules .
PMID:11856762 PMID:12105214 PMID:15454390 PMID:17344354 PMID:18300232
Confers resistance to anticancer agents such as methotrexate PMID:11106685
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2
ABCG2
substrate
Specific functionABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells .
PMID:11306452 PMID:12958161 PMID:19506252 PMID:20705604 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239 PMID:31003562
Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme .
PMID:20705604 PMID:23189181
Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells .
PMID:20110355
Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion .
PMID:19506252 PMID:20368174 PMID:22132962 PMID:31003562 PMID:36749388
In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates .
PMID:12682043 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239
Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity).
Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux .
PMID:11306452 PMID:12477054 PMID:15670731 PMID:18056989 PMID:31254042
In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity).
In inflammatory macrophages, exports itaconate from the cytosol to the extracellular compartment and limits the activation of TFEB-dependent lysosome biogenesis involved in antibacterial innate immune response
PMID:11306452 PMID:12958161 PMID:19506252 PMID:20705604 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239 PMID:31003562
Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme .
PMID:20705604 PMID:23189181
Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells .
PMID:20110355
Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion .
PMID:19506252 PMID:20368174 PMID:22132962 PMID:31003562 PMID:36749388
In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates .
PMID:12682043 PMID:28554189 PMID:30405239
Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity).
Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux .
PMID:11306452 PMID:12477054 PMID:15670731 PMID:18056989 PMID:31254042
In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity).
In inflammatory macrophages, exports itaconate from the cytosol to the extracellular compartment and limits the activation of TFEB-dependent lysosome biogenesis involved in antibacterial innate immune response
Proton-coupled folate transporter
SLC46A1
substrate
Specific functionfolic acid binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Proton-coupled folate symporter that mediates folate absorption using an H(+) gradient as a driving force .
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:19762432 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:31792273 PMID:32893190 PMID:34619546
Involved in the intestinal absorption of folates at the brush-border membrane of the proximal jejunum, and the transport from blood to cerebrospinal fluid across the choroid plexus .
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:32893190
Functions at acidic pH via alternate outward- and inward-open conformation states .
PMID:32893190 PMID:34040256
Protonation of residues in the outward open state primes the protein for transport .
PMID:34040256
Binding of folate promotes breaking of salt bridge network and subsequent closure of the extracellular gate, leading to the inward-open state and release of protons and folate .
PMID:34040256
Also able to transport antifolate drugs, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed, which are established treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases .
PMID:18524888 PMID:19762432 PMID:22345511 PMID:25608532 PMID:28802835 PMID:29326243 PMID:34040256 PMID:34619546
Involved in FOLR1-mediated endocytosis by serving as a route of export of folates from acidified endosomes .
PMID:19074442
Also acts as a lower-affinity, pH-independent heme carrier protein and constitutes the main importer of heme in the intestine .
PMID:17156779
Imports heme in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium, in neurons of the hippocampus, in hepatocytes and in the renal epithelial cells .
PMID:32621820
Hence, participates in the trafficking of heme and increases intracellular iron content PMID:32621820
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:19762432 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:31792273 PMID:32893190 PMID:34619546
Involved in the intestinal absorption of folates at the brush-border membrane of the proximal jejunum, and the transport from blood to cerebrospinal fluid across the choroid plexus .
PMID:17129779 PMID:17446347 PMID:17475902 PMID:19389703 PMID:25504888 PMID:29344585 PMID:30858177 PMID:31494288 PMID:32893190
Functions at acidic pH via alternate outward- and inward-open conformation states .
PMID:32893190 PMID:34040256
Protonation of residues in the outward open state primes the protein for transport .
PMID:34040256
Binding of folate promotes breaking of salt bridge network and subsequent closure of the extracellular gate, leading to the inward-open state and release of protons and folate .
PMID:34040256
Also able to transport antifolate drugs, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed, which are established treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases .
PMID:18524888 PMID:19762432 PMID:22345511 PMID:25608532 PMID:28802835 PMID:29326243 PMID:34040256 PMID:34619546
Involved in FOLR1-mediated endocytosis by serving as a route of export of folates from acidified endosomes .
PMID:19074442
Also acts as a lower-affinity, pH-independent heme carrier protein and constitutes the main importer of heme in the intestine .
PMID:17156779
Imports heme in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium, in neurons of the hippocampus, in hepatocytes and in the renal epithelial cells .
PMID:32621820
Hence, participates in the trafficking of heme and increases intracellular iron content PMID:32621820
Solute carrier family 25 member 32
SLC25A32
substrate
Specific functionFAD transmembrane transporter activity
Cellular location
Mitochondrion inner membrane
General function & pharmacology
Facilitates flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) translocation across the mitochondrial inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix where it acts as a redox cofactor to assist flavoenzyme activities in fundamental metabolic processes including fatty acid beta-oxidation, amino acid and choline metabolism as well as mitochondrial electron transportation. In particular, provides FAD to DLD dehydrogenase of the glycine cleavage system, part of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolic pathway involved in neural tube closure in early embryogenesis
Biological pathways(4)
metabolic
Scientific references(8)
Kamen B.
Functional folate status as a prognostic indicator of toxicity in clinical trials of the multitargeted antifolate LY231514.
European Journal of Cancer
199733:S18. doi: 10.1016/s0959-8049(97)84450-4
Fenech M., Aitken C., Rinaldi J.
Folate, vitamin B12, homocysteine status and DNA damage in young Australian adults.
Carcinogenesis
199819(7):1163-1171. doi: 10.1093/carcin/19.7.1163
Zittoun J.
Effect of folate and cobalamin compounds on the deoxyuridine suppression test in vitamin B12 and folate deficiency.
Blood
197851(1):119-128. doi: 10.1182/blood.v51.1.119.119
Alaimo K., McDowell M.A., Briefel R.R., Bischof A.M., Caughman C.R., Loria C.M., Johnson C.L.
Total energy intake of the US population: the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
199562(5):1072S-1080S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/62.5.1072s
Raiten D.J., Fisher K.D.
Assessment of Folate Methodology Used in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988–1994).
The Journal of Nutrition
1995125(5):S1373-S1398. doi: 10.1093/jn/125.5.1371s
Cylwik B., Chrostek L.
Interactions Between Alcohol and Folate. Molecular Aspects of Alcohol and Nutrition. 2016;:157-169. doi: 10.
1016/b978-0-12-800773-0
00013-6
Morrell M.J.
Folic Acid and Epilepsy.
Epilepsy Curr
2002 Mar2(2):31-34. doi: 10.1046/j.1535-7597.2002.00017.x
Scott J.M., Weir D.G., Molloy A., McPartlin J., Daly L., Kirke P.
Folic Acid Metabolism and Mechanisms of Neural Tube Defects. Novartis Foundation Symposia. 2007;:180-191. doi: 10.
1002/9780470514559
ch11
ATC classification(10 codes)
ATC B03AE02
ATC B03AD04
ATC V04CX02
ATC B03AD01
ATC B03BB51
ATC B03AD03
ATC B03BB01
ATC B03AE01
ATC B03AD05
ATC B03AD02
Affected organisms(1)
Humans and other mammals
International brands(2)
Salt forms(1)
Folate sodium(DBSALT001918)
Experimental properties(1)
Protein Data Bank entries(131)
1cd2
1dhf
1drf
1dyi
1pj6
1qzf
1ra2
1ra8
1rb2
1rd7
1re7
1rx2
1rx7
1rx8
1vif
2cd2
2d0k
2w3b
2w3m
2zza
3bmc
3ql0
3ql3
3tqb
4cd2
4eck
4eil
4ej1
4fhb
4i13
4i1n
4iom
4jjk
4keb
4kfj
4kjj
4kjk
4kjl
4kmz
4kya
4lrh
4m6k
4nx6
4nx7
4p3q
4p3r
4pss
4pst
4psy
4pth
4ptj
4qle
4qlf
4qlg
4rgc
4x5f
4x5g
4x5h
4x5i
4x5j
4z7f
5d0y
5e8q
5eaj
5sss
5sst
5ssu
5ssv
5ssw
5ujx
5vyh
5z6f
5z6j
5z6k
5z6l
5z6m
6q04
6q05
6q06
6q07
6v2t
6v33
6vcj
7d3z
7d49
7d4l
7d4x
7d6g
7dfr
7ese
7fpl
7fpm
7fpn
7fpo
7fpp
7fpq
7fpr
7fps
7fpt
7fpu
7fpv
7fpw
7fpx
7fpy
7fpz
7fq0
7fq1
7fq2
7fq3
7fq4
7fq5
7fq6
7fq7
7fq8
7fq9
7fqa
7fqb
7fqc
7fqd
7fqe
7fqf
7fqg
7lvc
7m5e
7pxx
8e4f
8g4z
8g50
8ucx
8uvz
8uw0
Commercial products(1564)
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Show
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Folic acid
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
4991
ChemSpider
5815
BindingDB
50237629
PDB
FOL
ZINC
ZINC000008577218
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10937
GeneCards
SLC19A1
Guide to Pharmacology
1014
UniProt Accession
S19A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:30521
GenAtlas
SLC46A1
GeneCards
SLC46A1
GenBank Gene Database
AK054669
GenBank Protein Database
16549261
Guide to Pharmacology
1213
UniProt Accession
PCFT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3795
GenAtlas
FOLR3
GeneCards
FOLR3
GenBank Gene Database
Z32564
GenBank Protein Database
473236
UniProt Accession
FOLR3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3793
GenAtlas
FOLR2
GeneCards
FOLR2
GenBank Gene Database
X69516
GenBank Protein Database
1655592
UniProt Accession
FOLR2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3791
GenAtlas
FOLR1
GeneCards
FOLR1
GenBank Gene Database
M28099
Guide to Pharmacology
3212
UniProt Accession
FOLR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4248
GenAtlas
GGH
GeneCards
GGH
GenBank Gene Database
U55206
GenBank Protein Database
2951931
UniProt Accession
GGH_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7436
GenAtlas
MTHFR
GeneCards
MTHFR
GenBank Gene Database
U09806
GenBank Protein Database
6139053
UniProt Accession
MTHR_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2861
GenAtlas
DHFR
GeneCards
DHFR
GenBank Gene Database
J00140
GenBank Protein Database
182724
Guide to Pharmacology
2603
UniProt Accession
DYR_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:14639
GeneCards
ABCC11
GenBank Gene Database
AY040219
GenBank Protein Database
15027829
UniProt Accession
MRP8_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:54
GenAtlas
ABCC3
GeneCards
ABCC3
GenBank Gene Database
AB010887
GenBank Protein Database
3132270
UniProt Accession
MRP3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10970
GenAtlas
hROAT1
GeneCards
SLC22A6
GenBank Gene Database
AF057039
GenBank Protein Database
3831566
Guide to Pharmacology
1025
UniProt Accession
S22A6_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:55
GenAtlas
ABCC4
GeneCards
ABCC4
GenBank Gene Database
AF071202
GenBank Protein Database
3335173
Guide to Pharmacology
782
UniProt Accession
MRP4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:74
GenAtlas
ABCG2
GeneCards
ABCG2
GenBank Gene Database
AF103796
GenBank Protein Database
4185796
Guide to Pharmacology
792
UniProt Accession
ABCG2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:30521
GenAtlas
SLC46A1
GeneCards
SLC46A1
GenBank Gene Database
AK054669
GenBank Protein Database
16549261
Guide to Pharmacology
1213
UniProt Accession
PCFT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:29683
GenAtlas
SLC25A32
GeneCards
SLC25A32
GenBank Gene Database
AF283645
GenBank Protein Database
11545417
UniProt Accession
S2532_HUMAN
International reference pricing
10 formulations
Reference pricing from DrugBank. Prices are indicative and may not reflect current UK costs.
From $0.02/tablet
To $2.14/ml
CVS Pharmacy folic acid 800 mcg tablet
$0.02/tablet
Folic acid 0.4 mg tablet
$0.02/tablet
Folic acid 0.8 mg tablet
$0.02/tablet
Apo-Folic 5 mg Tablet
$0.04/tablet
Folic acid 400 mcg tablet
$0.07/tablet
Source: DrugBank. Used under CC BY-NC 4.0 academic licence for non-commercial purposes.
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:
Knox C., Wilson M., Klinger C.M., et al
DrugBank 6.
0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024
Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 552(D1):D1265-D1275
Wishart D.S., Feunang Y.D., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank 5.
0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018
Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Nov 846(D1):D1074-D1082
Show earlier publications
Law V., Knox C., Djoumbou Y., et al
DrugBank 4.
0: shedding new light on drug metabolism
Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 142(1):D1091-7
Knox C., Law V., Jewison T., et al
DrugBank 3.
0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan39(Database issue):D1035-41
Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets.
Nucleic Acids Research
2008 Jan36(Database issue):D901-6
Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.
Nucleic Acids Research
2006 Jan 134(Database issue):D668-72
Source: go.drugbank.comCC BY-NC 4.0
Updated 26 days ago(8 Mar 2026)