Do I need a prescription for Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution?

Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution is classified as a Valid as a prescribable product in the UK. However, always consult a pharmacist or doctor before use. (Source: NHS dm+d)

What are the brand names for Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution?

Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution is the generic name. It is available under brand names including: Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution. (Source: NHS dm+d — Actual Medicinal Products)

Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution

Prescription only

Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber

Oral solution

2.5mg/5ml

Oral

Antihypertensive

Felodipine is a long-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)b.

Active ingredients:

Felodipine

ATC classificationBrowse ATC index

International classification by the WHO, grouping medicines by the organ system they act on

ATC C08CA02

Chemical classBrowse classes

Classification based on the molecule's chemical structure and properties

Primary care groupBrowse groups

NHS medication clusters used to compare prescribing patterns across GP practices

Antihypertensive

Check interactions for Felodipine

No active safety alerts

Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring

Report a side effect

Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA

Official medicine documents

Yellow Card

Report side effects (MHRA)

Drug safety updates

MHRA alerts for Felodipine

Source: MHRA Products DatabaseOGL 3.0

Updated 6 months ago(16 Jan 2026)

Safety monitoring data

Yellow Card reports

MHRA

The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.

View Drug Analysis Profile

Suspected adverse reactions reported for Felodipine

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Interactive Drug Analysis Profiles for all medicines

Report a side effect

Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA

Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

EudraVigilance

EMA

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.

View EudraVigilance report

Suspected adverse reactions reported for Felodipine

About EudraVigilance

Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring

EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.

1 branded products available

1 products

Possibly available on the UK marketRestricted supplyDiscontinuedAvailability per NHS dm+d

MHRA licensed products

View all licensed products for Felodipine on the MHRA register

Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution

Special Order

None

Special

Source: NHS dm+dOGL 3.0

Updated 4 months ago(1 Mar 2026)

Daily dose

WHO defined daily dose (DDD)

5 mg

Not a recommended dose. The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. It is a statistical measure used for research and comparison purposes only.

Source: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, distributed via the NHS dm+d supplementary BNF/ATC mapping files (NHSBSA). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Therapeutically similar medicines

10 similar

Amlodipine 2.5mg tablets

Tablet

2.5mg

Same therapeutic group

Lacidipine 6mg tablets

Tablet

6mg

Same therapeutic group

Amlodipine 5mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free

Oral suspension

5mg/5ml

Same therapeutic group

Nimodipine 60mg/5ml oral suspension

Oral suspension

60mg/5ml

Same therapeutic group

Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral suspension

Oral suspension

2.5mg/5ml

Same therapeutic group

Similarity is based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and on a factual NHS dm+d therapeutic-grouping code prefix. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.

NHS prescribing volume and spending trends

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Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

NICE clinical guidance(2)

Stable angina: management (CG126)

Stable angina (QS21)

Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Check stock at pharmacies and supply information

Pharmacy stock checkers

Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.

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Supply & safety information

Official UK regulator monitoring and safety alerts

MHRA drug safety updates

UK regulator alerts and supply notices

Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. Shortage and safety information sourced from MHRA drug safety updates (gov.uk, Crown Copyright under OGL v3.0).

Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems

These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.

NHS UK identifiers

SNOMED CT

18029311000001107

dm+d ID

18029311000001107

VTM (Virtual Therapeutic Moiety)

775923000

VMP (Virtual Medicinal Product)

18029311000001107

BNF code (NHS dm+d)

02060200

International identifiers

ATC code — Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (WHO)

C08CA02

Browse tools

dm+d Browser

NHSBSA medicines dictionary lookup

SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF code shown is the factual mapping value distributed by NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) in the dm+d supplementary file under OGL v3.0; it is not affiliated with, nor licensed from, the publishers of the British National Formulary. ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).

Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov

Searching UK clinical trials...

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Academic studies and reviews for this medicine's active substance

Showing the 50 most relevant studies.

Reviews & meta-analyses: 4 · Randomised trials: 3 · 1981–2025

Sort

The Felodipine Event Reduction (FEVER) Study: a randomized long-term placebo-controlled trial in Chinese hypertensive patients

Lisheng Liu, Yuqing Zhang, Guozhang Liu, et al.

Journal of Hypertension, 2005

Randomised trial

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 391

Antihypertensive Agents
Blood Pressure
Calcium Channel Blockers

Plasma concentration — effect relationships for felodipine: A meta analysis

Eva Blychert, Boo Edgar, Dag Elmfeldt, et al.

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 1992

Meta-analysis

Cited by 28

Age Factors
Antihypertensive Agents
Blood Pressure

Grapefruit juice increases felodipine oral availability in humans by decreasing intestinal CYP3A protein expression.

K. Lown, D. Bailey, R. Fontana, et al.

The Journal of clinical investigation, 1997

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 670

Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
Beverages
Citrus

Interaction of citrus juices with felodipine and nifedipine.

David G. Bailey, Spence Jd, C. Munoz, et al.

Lancet, 1991

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 598

Biological Availability
Blood Pressure
Citrus

Effect of polymer type on the dissolution profile of amorphous solid dispersions containing felodipine.

Hajime Konno, T. Handa, David E. Alonzo, et al.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V, 2008

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 391

Crystallization
Methylcellulose
Polymers

Influence of different polymers on the crystallization tendency of molecularly dispersed amorphous felodipine.

Hajime Konno, L. Taylor

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2006

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 386

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
Crystallization
Methylcellulose

Effect of the Calcium Antagonist Felodipine as Supplementary Vasodilator Therapy in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure Treated With Enalapril

Jay N. Cohn, Susan Ziesche, Raphael F. Smith, et al.

Circulation, 1997

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 358

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Calcium Channel Blockers
Enalapril

A Comparison of the Physical Stability of Amorphous Felodipine and Nifedipine Systems

Patrick J. Marsac, Hajime Konno, L. Taylor

Pharmaceutical Research, 2006

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 272

Calcium Channel Blockers
Chemistry, Physical
Drug Stability

Interaction of the antihypertensive drug felodipine with calmodulin

Stig-Lennart Boström, Bengt Ljung, Sven Mårdh, et al.

Nature, 1981

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 252

Antihypertensive Agents
Cadmium
Calcium

Grapefruit juice–felodipine interaction: Mechanism, predictability, and effect of naringin

David G. Bailey, J. Malcolm O. Arnold, Claudio Munoz, et al.

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 1993

Highly cited for its field

Cited by 229

Beverages
Citrus
Flavanones

Sources: aggregated from Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), OpenAlex, Crossref, PubMed and other open scholarly databases. Retracted articles are excluded. Study information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank

go.drugbank.com

Key facts

Drug status

Approved

Major interactions

28 found

Half-life

17.5-31.5 hours

Mechanism

Felodipine decreases arterial smooth muscle contractility and subsequent vasocon…

Food interactions

2 warnings

Human targets

13 targets

Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0

Pharmacokinetics at a glance

Absorption

15%

Is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; however, extensive first-pass metabolism through the portal circulation results in a low systemic availability of 15%.…

Half-life

17.5-31.5 hours

17.5-31.5 hours in hypertensive patients; 19.1-35.9 hours in elderly hypertensive patients; 8.5-19.7 in healthy volunteers.

Protein binding

99%

99%, primarily to the albumin fraction.

Volume of distribution

10 L/kg

* 10 L/kg

Metabolism

Hepatic metabolism primarily via cytochrome P450 3A4. Six metabolites with no appreciable vasodilatory effects have been identified.

Elimination

Although higher concentrations of the metabolites are present in the plasma due to decreased urinary excretion, these are inactive.…

Clearance

0.8 L

* 0.8 L/min [Young healthy subjects]

Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0

Status:

Approved

Small molecule

About this compound

Felodipine is a long-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)b. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smooth muscle cells, felodipine prevents calcium-dependent myocyte contraction and vasoconstriction. Felodipine is the most potent CCB in use and is unique in that it exhibits fluorescent activity. In addition to binding to L-type calcium channels, felodipine binds to a number of calcium-binding proteins, exhibits competitive antagonism of the mineralcorticoid receptor, inhibits the activity of calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, and blocks calcium influx through voltage-gated T-type calcium channels. Felodipine is used to treat mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Properties:

solid

Avg. mass: 384.25 Da

View FDA drug label

DrugBank indication

For the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Also known as(116)

(±)-ethyl methyl 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate

3-ethyl 5-methyl 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate

4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid ethyl methyl ester

Felodipina

Felodipine

Felodipino

Felodipinum

CACH2

Molecular properties(19)

Drug interactions(1611)

Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.

Duloxetine

Major

DB00476

The risk or severity of orthostatic hypotension and syncope can be increased when Felodipine is combined with Duloxetine.

Check this interaction

Levodopa

Major

DB01235

The risk or severity of hypotension and orthostatic hypotension can be increased when Felodipine is combined with Levodopa.

Check this interaction

Risperidone

Moderate

DB00734

Felodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Risperidone.

Check this interaction

Ursodeoxycholic acid

Moderate

DB01586

Ursodeoxycholic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Cholic Acid

Moderate

DB02659

Cholic Acid may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Valinomycin

Moderate

DB14057

Valinomycin may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Olmesartan

Moderate

DB00275

Olmesartan may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Fusidic acid

Moderate

DB02703

Fusidic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Simeprevir

Moderate

DB06290

Simeprevir may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Lenvatinib

Moderate

DB09078

Lenvatinib may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Pralsetinib

Moderate

DB15822

Pralsetinib may decrease the excretion rate of Felodipine which could result in a higher serum level.

Check this interaction

Ceritinib

Moderate

DB09063

Felodipine may increase the bradycardic activities of Ceritinib.

Check this interaction

Ivabradine

Moderate

DB09083

Felodipine may increase the bradycardic activities of Ivabradine.

Check this interaction

Ruxolitinib

Moderate

DB08877

Ruxolitinib may increase the bradycardic activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Alfuzosin

Moderate

DB00346

Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Amifostine

Moderate

DB01143

Felodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Amifostine.

Check this interaction

Diazoxide

Moderate

DB01119

Diazoxide may increase the hypotensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Methylphenidate

Moderate

DB00422

Methylphenidate may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Dexmethylphenidate

Moderate

DB06701

Dexmethylphenidate may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Obinutuzumab

Moderate

DB08935

Felodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Obinutuzumab.

Check this interaction

Pentoxifylline

Moderate

DB00806

Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Rituximab

Moderate

DB00073

Felodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Rituximab.

Check this interaction

Desmopressin

Moderate

DB00035

Desmopressin may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Zolmitriptan

Moderate

DB00315

Zolmitriptan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Doxapram

Moderate

DB00561

Doxapram may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Phenmetrazine

Moderate

DB00830

Phenmetrazine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Naratriptan

Moderate

DB00952

Naratriptan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Rizatriptan

Moderate

DB00953

Rizatriptan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Dopamine

Moderate

DB00988

Dopamine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Frovatriptan

Moderate

DB00998

Frovatriptan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Epicaptopril

Moderate

DB02032

Epicaptopril may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

1-benzylimidazole

Moderate

DB04581

1-benzylimidazole may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Amineptine

Moderate

DB04836

Amineptine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Naluzotan

Moderate

DB05562

Naluzotan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Nitrous oxide

Moderate

DB06690

Nitrous oxide may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Cinitapride

Moderate

DB08810

Cinitapride may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Tyramine

Moderate

DB08841

Tyramine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Ifenprodil

Moderate

DB08954

Ifenprodil may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Dimetacrine

Moderate

DB08996

Dimetacrine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Moxisylyte

Moderate

DB09205

Moxisylyte may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Oxaprotiline

Moderate

DB09307

Oxaprotiline may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Atipamezole

Moderate

DB11481

Atipamezole may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Tetrahydrocannabivarin

Moderate

DB11755

Tetrahydrocannabivarin may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Piclozotan

Moderate

DB12361

Piclozotan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Idazoxan

Moderate

DB12551

Idazoxan may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Tramazoline

Moderate

DB13064

Tramazoline may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Amitriptylinoxide

Moderate

DB13114

Amitriptylinoxide may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Dibenzepin

Moderate

DB13225

Dibenzepin may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Quinupramine

Moderate

DB13246

Quinupramine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Trichloroethylene

Moderate

DB13323

Trichloroethylene may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Felodipine.

Check this interaction

Showing 50 of 1611 interactions

Food & lifestyle interactions

Avoid Grapefruit

Avoid grapefruit products.

Advice

Take with or without food. The absorption is unaffected by food.

Toxicity & overdose

Symptoms of overdose include excessive peripheral vasodilation with marked hypotension and possibly bradycardia. Oral rat LD₅₀ is 1050 mg/kg.

How it works

Mechanism of action

Felodipine decreases arterial smooth muscle contractility and subsequent vasoconstriction by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions through voltage-gated L-type calcium channels. It reversibly competes against nitrendipine and other DHP CCBs for DHP binding sites in vascular smooth muscle and cultured rabbit atrial cells. Calcium ions entering the cell through these channels bind to calmodulin. Calcium-bound calmodulin then binds to and activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Activated MLCK catalyzes the phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain subunit of myosin, a key step in muscle contraction. Signal amplification is achieved by calcium-induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through ryanodine receptors. Inhibition of the initial influx of calcium decreases the contractile activity of arterial smooth muscle cells and results in vasodilation. The vasodilatory effects of felodipine result in an overall decrease in blood pressure. Felodipine may be used to treat mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Pharmacodynamics

Felodipine belongs to the dihydropyridine (DHP) class of calcium channel blockers (CCBs), the most widely used class of CCBs. There are at least five different types of calcium channels in Homo sapiens: L-, N-, P/Q-, R- and T-type. It was widely accepted that CCBs target L-type calcium channels, the major channel in muscle cells that mediates contraction; however, some studies have shown that felodipine also binds to and inhibits T-type calcium channels. T-type calcium channels are most commonly found on neurons, cells with pacemaker activity and on osteocytes. The pharmacologic significance of T-type calcium channel blockade is unknown. Felodipine also binds to calmodulin and inhibits calmodulin-dependent calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The effect of this interaction appears to be minor. Another study demonstrated that felodipine attenuates the activity of calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CaMPDE) by binding to the PDE-1B1 and PDE-1A2 enzyme subunits. CaMPDE is one of the key enzymes involved in cyclic nucleotides and calcium second messenger systems. Felodipine also acts as an antagonist to the mineralcorticoid receptor by competing with aldosterone for binding and blocking aldosterone-induced coactivator recruitment of the mineralcorticoid receptor. Felodipine is able to bind to skeletal and cardiac muscle isoforms of troponin C, one of the key regulatory proteins in muscle contraction. Though felodipine exhibits binding to many endogenous molecules, its vasodilatory effects are still thought to be brought about primarily through inhibition of voltage-gated L-type calcium channels. Similar to other DHP CCBs, felodipine binds directly to inactive calcium channels stabilizing their inactive conformation. Since arterial smooth muscle depolarizations are longer in duration than cardiac muscle depolarizations, inactive channels are more prevalent in smooth muscle cells. Alternative splicing of the alpha-1 subunit of the channel gives felodipine additional arterial selectivity. At therapeutic sub-toxic concentrations, felodipine has little effect on cardiac myocytes and conduction cells.

Pharmacokinetics

How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination

Absorption

Is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; however, extensive first-pass metabolism through the portal circulation results in a low systemic availability of 15%. Bioavailability is unaffected by food.

Half-life

17.5-31.5 hours in hypertensive patients; 19.1-35.9 hours in elderly hypertensive patients; 8.5-19.7 in healthy volunteers.

Protein binding

99%, primarily to the albumin fraction.

Volume of distribution

* 10 L/kg

Metabolism

Hepatic metabolism primarily via cytochrome P450 3A4. Six metabolites with no appreciable vasodilatory effects have been identified.

Route of elimination

Although higher concentrations of the metabolites are present in the plasma due to decreased urinary excretion, these are inactive. Animal studies have demonstrated that felodipine crosses the blood-brain barrier and the placenta.

Clearance

* 0.8 L/min [Young healthy subjects]

Drug targets(13)

Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C

BE0000430

CACNA1C

inhibitor

Specific functionalpha-actinin binding

Cellular location

Cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents .
PMID:12181424 PMID:15454078 PMID:15863612 PMID:16299511 PMID:17224476 PMID:20953164 PMID:23677916 PMID:24728418 PMID:26253506 PMID:27218670 PMID:29078335 PMID:29742403 PMID:30023270 PMID:30172029 PMID:34163037 PMID:8099908

Mediates influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm, and thereby triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasm (By similarity). Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm .
PMID:15454078 PMID:15863612 PMID:17224476 PMID:24728418 PMID:26253506

Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine.

Essential for normal blood pressure regulation via its role in the contraction of arterial smooth muscle cells .
PMID:28119464
Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group (Probable)

Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1

BE0000691

CACNA2D1

inhibitor

Specific functionmetal ion binding

Cellular location

Membrane

General function & pharmacology

The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel .
PMID:35293990
Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling (By similarity)

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2

BE0002354

CACNB2

inhibitor

Specific functionactin filament binding

Cellular location

Cell membrane, sarcolemma

General function & pharmacology

Beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels which contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current (By similarity). Plays a role in shifting voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation of the channel (By similarity). May modulate G protein inhibition (By similarity).

May contribute to beta-adrenergic augmentation of Ca(2+) influx in cardiomyocytes, thereby regulating increases in heart rate and contractile force .
PMID:36424916
Involved in membrane targeting of the alpha-1 subunit CACNA1C PMID:17525370

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D

BE0002359

CACNA1D

inhibitor

Specific functionalpha-actinin binding

Cellular location

Membrane

General function & pharmacology

Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group.

They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, and by benzothiazepines

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S

BE0002355

CACNA1S

inhibitor

Specific functioncalmodulin binding

Cellular location

Cell membrane, sarcolemma, T-tubule

General function & pharmacology

Pore-forming, alpha-1S subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents in skeletal muscle. Calcium channels containing the alpha-1S subunit play an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle via their interaction with RYR1, which triggers Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and ultimately results in muscle contraction. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group

Metabolizing enzymes(6)

Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions

Enzyme activity key

substrate

inhibitor

inducer

CYP3A4Cytochrome P450 3A4

substrate

CYP3A5Cytochrome P450 3A5

substrate

CYP3A7Cytochrome P450 3A7

substrate

CYP2C8Cytochrome P450 2C8

inhibitor

CYP2C9Cytochrome P450 2C9

inhibitor

CYP2D6Cytochrome P450 2D6

inhibitor

Transporters(2)

Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes

ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1

BE0001032

ABCB1

inhibitor

Specific functionABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity

Cellular location

Cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane .
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548

Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218

Bile salt export pump

BE0000703

ABCB11

substrate

Specific functionABC-type bile acid transporter activity

Cellular location

Apical cell membrane

General function & pharmacology

Catalyzes the transport of the major hydrophobic bile salts, such as taurine and glycine-conjugated cholic acid across the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes in an ATP-dependent manner, therefore participates in hepatic bile acid homeostasis and consequently to lipid homeostasis through regulation of biliary lipid secretion in a bile salts dependent manner .
PMID:15791618 PMID:16332456 PMID:18985798 PMID:19228692 PMID:20010382 PMID:20398791 PMID:22262466 PMID:24711118 PMID:29507376 PMID:32203132

Transports taurine-conjugated bile salts more rapidly than glycine-conjugated bile salts .
PMID:16332456
Also transports non-bile acid compounds, such as pravastatin and fexofenadine in an ATP-dependent manner and may be involved in their biliary excretion PMID:15901796 PMID:18245269

Biological pathways(2)

Felodipine Action Pathway

Involved compounds

ATP,Calcium,Felodipine,Magnesium cation,Potassium cation

Felodipine Metabolism Pathway

Scientific references(1)

Dunselman P.H., Edgar B.

Felodipine Clinical Pharmacokinetics.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics

199121(6):418-430. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199121060-00003

PMID: 1782737 DOI: 10.2165/00003088-199121060-00003

ATC classification(3 codes)

ATC C07FB02

ATC C08CA02

ATC C09BB05

Affected organisms(1)

Humans and other mammals

Experimental properties(4)

External resources(3)

RxList PDRhealth Drugs.com

Chemical identifiers

CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references

Show

Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Felodipine

DB01023

CAS number

72509-76-3

UNII (FDA)

OL961R6O2C

InChI Key (molecular fingerprint)

RZTAMFZIAATZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Additional database identifiers

Drugs Product Database (DPD)

1249

ChEBI

585948

PubChem Compound

3333

PubChem Substance

46506968

KEGG Drug

D00319

ChemSpider

3216

BindingDB

189379

PharmGKB

PA449591

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP000487

IUPHAR

4190

Guide to Pharmacology

4190

Wikipedia

Felodipine

ChEMBL

CHEMBL1480

RxCUI

4316

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1390

GenAtlas

CACNA1C

GeneCards

CACNA1C

GenBank Gene Database

M92270

IUPHAR

529

Guide to Pharmacology

529

UniProtKB

Q13936

UniProt Accession

CAC1C_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1399

GenAtlas

CACNA2D1

GeneCards

CACNA2D1

GenBank Gene Database

M76559

GenBank Protein Database

179762

UniProtKB

P54289

UniProt Accession

CA2D1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1402

GenAtlas

CACNB2

GeneCards

CACNB2

GenBank Gene Database

S60415

GenBank Protein Database

300417

UniProtKB

Q08289

UniProt Accession

CACB2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1391

GenAtlas

CACNA1D

GeneCards

CACNA1D

GenBank Gene Database

M76558

GenBank Protein Database

179764

IUPHAR

530

Guide to Pharmacology

530

UniProtKB

Q01668

UniProt Accession

CAC1D_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1397

GenAtlas

CACNA1S

GeneCards

CACNA1S

GenBank Gene Database

U30707

GenBank Protein Database

1698403

IUPHAR

528

Guide to Pharmacology

528

UniProtKB

Q13698

UniProt Accession

CAC1S_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1395

GenAtlas

CACNA1H

GeneCards

CACNA1H

GenBank Gene Database

AF051946

GenBank Protein Database

14670397

IUPHAR

536

Guide to Pharmacology

536

UniProtKB

O95180

UniProt Accession

CAC1H_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1400

GenAtlas

CACNA2D2

GeneCards

CACNA2D2

GenBank Gene Database

AJ251368

UniProtKB

Q9NY47

UniProt Accession

CA2D2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:8775

GenAtlas

PDE1B

GeneCards

PDE1B

GenBank Gene Database

U56976

Guide to Pharmacology

1295

UniProtKB

Q01064

UniProt Accession

PDE1B_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:8774

GeneCards

PDE1A

GenBank Gene Database

U40370

GenBank Protein Database

1151109

Guide to Pharmacology

1294

UniProtKB

P54750

UniProt Accession

PDE1A_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:7979

GenAtlas

NR3C2

GeneCards

NR3C2

GenBank Gene Database

M16801

GenBank Protein Database

307166

IUPHAR

626

Guide to Pharmacology

626

UniProtKB

P08235

UniProt Accession

MCR_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:11944

GeneCards

TNNC2

GenBank Gene Database

X07898

GenBank Protein Database

36729

UniProtKB

P02585

UniProt Accession

TNNC2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:11943

GenAtlas

TNNC1

GeneCards

TNNC1

GenBank Gene Database

X07897

GenBank Protein Database

37208

UniProtKB

P63316

UniProt Accession

TNNC1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1442

GeneCards

CALM1

UniProtKB

P0DP23

UniProt Accession

CALM1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1445

GeneCards

CALM2

UniProtKB

P0DP24

UniProt Accession

CALM2_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:1449

GeneCards

CALM3

UniProtKB

P0DP25

UniProt Accession

CALM3_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2637

GenAtlas

CYP3A4

GeneCards

CYP3A4

GenBank Gene Database

M18907

Guide to Pharmacology

1337

UniProtKB

P08684

UniProt Accession

CP3A4_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2638

GenAtlas

CYP3A5

GeneCards

CYP3A5

GenBank Gene Database

J04813

GenBank Protein Database

181346

Guide to Pharmacology

1338

UniProtKB

P20815

UniProt Accession

CP3A5_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2640

GeneCards

CYP3A7

GenBank Gene Database

D00408

GenBank Protein Database

220149

UniProtKB

P24462

UniProt Accession

CP3A7_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2622

GenAtlas

CYP2C8

GeneCards

CYP2C8

GenBank Gene Database

M17397

Guide to Pharmacology

1325

UniProtKB

P10632

UniProt Accession

CP2C8_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2623

GenAtlas

CYP2C9

GeneCards

CYP2C9

GenBank Gene Database

AY341248

Guide to Pharmacology

1326

UniProtKB

P11712

UniProt Accession

CP2C9_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:2625

GenAtlas

CYP2D6

GeneCards

CYP2D6

GenBank Gene Database

M20403

GenBank Protein Database

181350

Guide to Pharmacology

1329

UniProtKB

P10635

UniProt Accession

CP2D6_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:40

GenAtlas

ABCB1

GeneCards

ABCB1

GenBank Gene Database

M14758

GenBank Protein Database

307180

Guide to Pharmacology

768

UniProtKB

P08183

UniProt Accession

MDR1_HUMAN

HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)

HGNC:42

GenAtlas

ABCB11

GeneCards

ABCB11

GenBank Gene Database

AF091582

GenBank Protein Database

3873243

Guide to Pharmacology

778

UniProtKB

O95342

UniProt Accession

ABCBB_HUMAN

DrugBank citations

If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:

Knox C., Wilson M., Klinger C.M., et al

DrugBank 6.

0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024

Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 552(D1):D1265-D1275

PMID: 37953279

Wishart D.S., Feunang Y.D., Guo A.C., et al

DrugBank 5.

0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018

Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Nov 846(D1):D1074-D1082

PMID: 29126136

Show earlier publications

Law V., Knox C., Djoumbou Y., et al

DrugBank 4.

0: shedding new light on drug metabolism

Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 142(1):D1091-7

PMID: 24203711

Knox C., Law V., Jewison T., et al

DrugBank 3.

0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs

Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan39(Database issue):D1035-41

PMID: 21059682

Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al

DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets.

Nucleic Acids Research

2008 Jan36(Database issue):D901-6

PMID: 18048412

Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al

DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.

Nucleic Acids Research

2006 Jan 134(Database issue):D668-72

PMID: 16381955

Source: go.drugbank.comCC BY-NC 4.0

Updated 4 months ago(8 Mar 2026)

Structured knowledge from the free knowledge base

Q420644

Wikipedia article

chemical compound

Read on Wikipedia

WHO INN:felodipine

International Nonproprietary Name

Research database identifiers

MeSH

D015736

ChEBI

CHEBI:585948

ATC classifications (Wikidata)

C08CA02

Linked open data from Wikidata (Q420644), a free and open knowledge base operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Data is available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication. WHO INN from the World Health Organization.

Source: Q420644CC0 1.0

Updated about 6 hours ago(5 Jul 2026)

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Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution

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Felodipine 2.5mg/5ml oral solution

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