Eucalyptus oil liquid

Essential oils (EOs) are recognized for their multiple health benefits. However, their high volatility, low stability, and limited water solubility limit their effective application. This systematic review aims to assess the use of nanoemulsions as delivery systems for the topical administration of EOs, highlighting their efficacy, safety, and limitations. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies published in English before February 2025, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies limited to in vitro or ex vivo assays, using isolated EO components, or involving non-topical applications were excluded. Twenty-two articles were included in this review, comprising EOs from 18 plant species, and applied in animal or human in vivo models for wound healing (n = 6), anti-inflammatory/analgesic effects (n = 5), cosmetic (n = 6), and transdermal delivery/permeation enhancer (n = 5). Nanoemulsions improved EOs' bioactivities, particularly their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects, by enhancing skin permeation, bioavailability, and skin barrier function, reducing skin irritation, and allowing a controlled release. However, the overall risk of bias, assessed using the SYRCLE and RoB 2 tools, was considered high, and the studies' heterogeneity limited direct comparisons. Therefore, further well-designed preclinical and clinical trials are needed to validate these findings and assess the potential of the EOs nanoemulsions for topical use.

Abstract licence: CC BY

Antimicrobial resistance is a huge threat against the public health sphere and is a major cause of global mortality and morbidity. Antibiotic misuse and overuse have led to the development of many resistant bacterial strains. One particular bacterium of concern is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is the most common resistant bacteria in humans. Antibiotic development has been unable to keep up with the rapid evolution of antibiotic-resistant organisms, and there is an urgent need to identify alternative agents to combat this problem. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the literature on the antibacterial properties of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against MRSA. The articles used in this review were obtained through a systematic search of the literature across four databases, with the timeline being between 2002 and 2022. Twenty studies were included in this review, which used various methods to investigate the antibacterial properties of E. globulus essential oil, alone or in combination with other agents, against MRSA. The findings suggest that E. globulus essential oil has antibacterial properties against MRSA, which can be enhanced when used in combination with other agents, such as other essential oils and antibiotics.

Abstract licence: CC BY 4.0