Copper gluconate 8mg tablets

Bariatric surgery is the most clinically- and cost-effective intervention for severe obesity. However, without adequate follow-up, it can lead to nutritional deficiencies. Patients require life-long nutritional supplements and follow-up to prevent nutritional deficiencies from developing. This rapid systematic review is the first synthesis of case reports of patients with vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies at least 2 years following bariatric surgery, the point at which patients are typically discharged from specialist bariatric services. Eighty-three cases (74 studies) met inclusion criteria. Female patients accounted for 84% of the reports. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) was the most common procedure to have been performed, followed by biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). The most frequently reported deficiencies were vitamin A (n = 15), copper (n = 14) and vitamin D (n = 23). In some cases, vitamin replacement led to symptom resolution, but some preceded permanent disability or death. Fifty-one case reports detailed factors contributing to the development of the deficiency. These could be divided into patient factors or health care factors and provide areas to target interventions, including support to adhere to supplementation, appropriate follow-up, and health professional awareness.

Abstract licence: CC BY

BackgroundTrace elements, including zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn), play crucial roles in various biological functions, particularly in oxidative stress regulation and immune response. Their potential involvement in rheumatic diseases has been suggested, with evidence indicating altered levels of these elements in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the efficacy of supplementation remains unclear.ObjectiveThis narrative review aims to evaluate the available evidence on Zn, Cu, and Mn supplementation in patients with rheumatic diseases.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scielo, and LILACS databases for studies published from 1965 to April 2024. The search followed PRISMA guidelines and included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies investigating Zn, Cu, or Mn supplementation in rheumatic diseases.ResultsA total of four studies met the inclusion criteria, focusing on Zn and Cu supplementation. No studies on Mn supplementation were identified. Among the included studies, two evaluated Zn supplementation in RA and Behçet's disease, while two assessed Cu supplementation in RA and SLE. The mean participant age ranged from 35 to 54.3 years, with female predominance (28% to 89%). Follow-up durations varied from 4 to 24 weeks. Zn supplementation demonstrated clinical and immunological benefits, including reduced disease activity in Behçet's disease and improved inflammatory markers in RA. Conversely, Cu supplementation did not show significant therapeutic effects. Reported side effects were mild and primarily gastrointestinal, occurring in 4% to 33% of participants.ConclusionZn supplementation appears beneficial in certain rheumatic diseases, particularly in RA and Behçet's disease, while Cu supplementation lacks significant therapeutic effects. Further high-quality RCTs are needed to establish definitive recommendations.

Abstract licence: CC BY

Copper is an important metal micronutrient, required for the balanced growth and normal physiological functions of human organism. Copper-related toxicity and dysbalanced metabolism were associated with the disruption of intracellular respiration and the development of various diseases, including cancer. Notably, copper-induced cell death was defined as cuproptosis which was also observed in malignant cells, representing an attractive anti-cancer instrument. Excess of intracellular copper leads to the aggregation of lipoylation proteins and toxic stress, ultimately resulting in the activation of cell death. Differential expression of cuproptosis-related genes was detected in normal and malignant tissues. Cuproptosis-related genes were also linked to the regulation of oxidative stress, immune cell responses, and composition of tumor microenvironment. Activation of cuproptosis was associated with increased expression of redox-metabolism-regulating genes, such as ferredoxin 1 (FDX1), lipoic acid synthetase (LIAS), lipoyltransferase 1 (LIPT1), dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), drolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha 1 (PDHA1), and pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit beta (PDHB)). Accordingly, copper-activated network was suggested as an attractive target in cancer therapy. Mechanisms of cuproptosis and regulation of cuproptosis-related genes in different cancers and tumor microenvironment are discussed in this study. The analysis of current findings indicates that therapeutic regulation of copper signaling, and activation of cuproptosis-related targets may provide an effective tool for the improvement of immunotherapy regimens.

Abstract licence: CC BY

Copper, one of the essential nutrients for the human body, acts as an electron relay in multiple pathways due to its redox properties. Both deficiencies and excesses of copper lead to cellular fragility. Therefore, it can manifest pro- and anti-cancer properties in tumors. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the copper activity within the cell. We have thoughtfully summarized the metabolic activities of copper from a macro and micro perspective. Cuproptosis, as well as other forms of cell death, is directly or indirectly interfered with by Cu2+, causing cancer cell death. Meanwhile, we did pan-cancer analysis of cuproptosis-related genes to further clarify the roles of these genes. In addition, copper has been found to be involved in multiple pathways within the metastasis of cancer cells. Given the complexity of copper's role, we are compelled to ask: is copper a friend or a foe? Up to now, copper has been used in various clinical applications, including protocols for measurement of copper concentration and bioimaging of radioactive 64Cu. But therapeutically it is still a continuation of the old medicine, and new possibilities need to be explored, such as the use of nanomaterials. Some studies have also shown that copper has considerable interventional power in metabolic cancers, which provides the great applications potential of copper therapy in specific cancer types. This paper reviews the dual roles played by cuproptosis in cancer from the new perspectives of oxidative stress, cell death, and tumor metastasis, and points out the value of its application in specific cancer types, summarizes the value of its testing and imaging from the perspective of clinical application as well as the current feasible options for the new use of the old drugs, and emphasizes the prospects for the application of nano-copper.

Abstract licence: CC BY