Copper 2.5mg tablets
Copper is a transition metal and a trace element in the body.
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
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Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Copper
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Copper
Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
NICE clinical guidance(7)
Long-acting reversible contraception (CG30)
Contraception (QS129)
Topical antimicrobial dressings for locally infected leg ulcers: late-stage assessment (HTG751)
Nutrition support for adults: oral nutrition support, enteral tube feeding and parenteral nutrition (CG32)
Dimethyl fumarate for treating relapsing‑remitting multiple sclerosis (TA320)
Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography for breast cancer (MIB304)
Abortion care (NG140)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
Not available
Mechanism
Copper is absorbed from the gut via high affinity copper uptake protein and like…
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
144 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
12-65%
Protein binding
65-90%
[A19528]
Elimination
[A19514]
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
[L801]
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 22 of 22 interactions
[A19514]
Copper is an essential element in the body and is incorporated into many oxidase enzymes as a cofactor [A19518]. It is also a component of zinc/copper super oxide dismutase, giving it an anti-oxidant role. Copper defiency occurs in Occipital Horn Syndrome and Menke's disease both of which are associated with impaired development of connective tissue due to the lack of copper to act as a cofactor in protein-lysine-6-oxidase. Menke's disease is also associated with progressive neurological impairment leading to death in infancy. The precise mechanisms of the effects of copper deficiency are vague due to the wide range of enzymes which use the ion as a cofactor.
Copper appears to reduce the viabilty and motility of spermatozoa [A19526]. This reduces the likelihood of fertilization with a copper IUD, producing copper's contraceptive effect [A19526]. The exact mechanism of copper's effect on sperm are unknown.
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
[A19528]
[A19514]
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:25122912
Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1-KAT5 and inhibits Notch signaling through interaction with Numb.
Couples to apoptosis-inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(o) and JIP. Inhibits G(o) alpha ATPase activity (By similarity). Acts as a kinesin I membrane receptor, mediating the axonal transport of beta-secretase and presenilin 1 (By similarity).
By acting as a kinesin I membrane receptor, plays a role in axonal anterograde transport of cargo towards synapses in axons .
PMID:17062754 PMID:23011729
Involved in copper homeostasis/oxidative stress through copper ion reduction. In vitro, copper-metallated APP induces neuronal death directly or is potentiated through Cu(2+)-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Can regulate neurite outgrowth through binding to components of the extracellular matrix such as heparin and collagen I and IV.
The splice isoforms that contain the BPTI domain possess protease inhibitor activity. Induces a AGER-dependent pathway that involves activation of p38 MAPK, resulting in internalization of amyloid-beta peptide and leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured cortical neurons. Provides Cu(2+) ions for GPC1 which are required for release of nitric oxide (NO) and subsequent degradation of the heparan sulfate chains on GPC1
PMID:10933798
Binds copper ions (By similarity)
DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling
PMID:11724794 PMID:3170585
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate .
PMID:11724794 PMID:3170585
Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes .
PMID:23071094
Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation .
PMID:23071094
Also plays a role in innate immunity by promoting TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation and type I interferon production, via interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3, respectively .
PMID:23332158 PMID:27387501
Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis (By similarity).
Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC (By similarity)
Involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis, and gene expression. Required for neural development including neural patterning and cell fate determination. During GZMA-mediated cell death, works in concert with TREX1.
NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
PMID:11734551 PMID:16135512 PMID:17525160 PMID:19740744 PMID:20451502 PMID:20569931 PMID:23658018 PMID:26745413
May function in copper(1+) import from the apical membrane thus may drive intestinal copper absorption (By similarity). The copper(1+) transport mechanism is sodium-independent, saturable and of high-affinity .
PMID:11734551
Also mediates the uptake of silver(1+) .
PMID:20569931
May function in the influx of the platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents .
PMID:20451502 PMID:20569931
The platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents uptake is saturable (By similarity). In vitro, mediates the transport of cadmium(2+) into cells .
PMID:33294387
Also participates in the first step of copper(2+) acquisition by cells through a direct transfer of copper(2+) from copper(2+) carriers in blood, such as ALB to the N-terminal domain of SLC31A1, leading to copper(2+) reduction and probably followed by copper(1+) stabilization .
PMID:30489586
In addition, functions as a redox sensor to promote angiogenesis in endothelial cells, in a copper(1+) transport independent manner, by transmitting the VEGF-induced ROS signal through a sulfenylation at Cys-189 leadin g to a subsequent disulfide bond formation between SLC31A1 and KDR .
PMID:35027734
The SLC31A1-KDR complex is then co-internalized to early endosomes, driving a sustained VEGFR2 signaling PMID:35027734
PMID:17109629 PMID:17293870 PMID:22736759 PMID:25326704 PMID:25491917
Selectively transports various divalent metal cations, in decreasing affinity: Cd(2+) > Fe(2+) > Co(2+), Mn(2+) >> Zn(2+), Ni(2+), VO(2+) .
PMID:17109629 PMID:17293870 PMID:22736759 PMID:25326704 PMID:25491917
Essential for maintenance of iron homeostasis by modulating intestinal absorption of dietary Fe(2+) and TF-associated endosomal Fe(2+) transport in erythroid precursors and other cells (By similarity). Enables Fe(2+) and Mn(2+) ion entry into mitochondria, and is thus expected to promote mitochondrial heme synthesis, iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and antioxidant defense (By similarity) .
PMID:24448823
Can mediate uncoupled fluxes of either protons or metal ions
PMID:10419525 PMID:11092760 PMID:28389643
Within a catalytic cycle, acquires Cu(+) ion from donor protein on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane and delivers it to acceptor protein on the lumenal side. The transfer of Cu(+) ion across the membrane is coupled to ATP hydrolysis and is associated with a transient phosphorylation that shifts the pump conformation from inward-facing to outward-facing state .
PMID:10419525 PMID:19453293 PMID:19917612 PMID:28389643 PMID:31283225
Under physiological conditions, at low cytosolic copper concentration, it is localized at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) where it transfers Cu(+) ions to cuproenzymes of the secretory pathway .
PMID:11092760 PMID:28389643
Upon elevated cytosolic copper concentrations, it relocalizes to the plasma membrane where it is responsible for the export of excess Cu(+) ions .
PMID:10419525 PMID:28389643
May play a dual role in neuron function and survival by regulating cooper efflux and neuronal transmission at the synapse as well as by supplying Cu(+) ions to enzymes such as PAM, TYR and SOD3 (By similarity) .
PMID:28389643
In the melanosomes of pigmented cells, provides copper cofactor to TYR to form an active TYR holoenzyme for melanin biosynthesis (By similarity)
PMID:17617060 PMID:17944601
Regulator of SLC31A1 which facilitates the cleavage of the SLC31A1 ecto-domain or which stabilizes the truncated form of SLC31A1 (Truncated CTR1 form), thereby drives the SLC31A1 truncated form-dependent endosomal copper export and modulates the copper and cisplatin accumulation via SLC31A1 (By similarity)
Proteins that carry this drug through the body
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).
Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).
Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017
The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region, a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase
PMID:16150804
Copper ions provide a large number of enzymatic activites.
Oxidizes highly toxic ferrous ions to the ferric state for further incorporation onto apo-transferrins, catalyzes Cu(+) oxidation and promotes the oxidation of biogenic amines such as norepinephrin and serotonin .
PMID:14623105 PMID:4643313 PMID:5912351
Provides Cu(2+) ions for the ascorbate-mediated deaminase degradation of the heparan sulfate chains of GPC1 (By similarity). Has glutathione peroxidase-like activity, can remove both hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide in the presence of thiols .
PMID:10481051
Also shows NO-oxidase and NO2 synthase activities that determine endocrine NO homeostasis PMID:16906150
PMID:22961397 PMID:37277838
By helping iron transfer from cells to blood mainly contributes to dietary iron absorption by the intestinal epithelium and more generally regulates iron levels in the body (By similarity)
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Copper
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
582
ChemSpider
22414
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:620
GenAtlas
APP
GeneCards
APP
GenBank Gene Database
X06989
UniProt Accession
A4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:343
GenAtlas
AHCY
GeneCards
AHCY
GenBank Gene Database
M61831
GenBank Protein Database
178277
Guide to Pharmacology
1233
UniProt Accession
SAHH_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4746
GeneCards
H2BC8
UniProt Accession
H2B1C_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4141
GenAtlas
GAPDH
GeneCards
GAPDH
GenBank Gene Database
X01677
GenBank Protein Database
31645
UniProt Accession
G3P_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7849
GenAtlas
NME1
GeneCards
NME1
GenBank Gene Database
X75598
UniProt Accession
NDKA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4718
GeneCards
H1-4
UniProt Accession
H14_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9352
GeneCards
PRDX1
UniProt Accession
PRDX1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10498
GeneCards
S100A8
UniProt Accession
S10A8_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6502
GenAtlas
RPSA
GeneCards
RPSA
GenBank Gene Database
J03799
UniProt Accession
RSSA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:144
GeneCards
ACTG1
UniProt Accession
ACTG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3350
GeneCards
ENO1
UniProt Accession
ENOA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3189
GeneCards
EEF1A1
UniProt Accession
EF1A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6446
GenAtlas
KRT8
GeneCards
KRT8
GenBank Gene Database
M34482
GenBank Protein Database
181573
UniProt Accession
K2C8_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8548
GenAtlas
P4HB
GeneCards
P4HB
GenBank Gene Database
X05130
UniProt Accession
PDIA1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4606
GeneCards
PDIA3
Guide to Pharmacology
3293
UniProt Accession
PDIA3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5261
GeneCards
HSPD1
UniProt Accession
CH60_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11375
GeneCards
HSPA13
UniProt Accession
HSP13_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5238
GenAtlas
HSPA5
GeneCards
HSPA5
GenBank Gene Database
M19645
GenBank Protein Database
386758
UniProt Accession
BIP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12028
GenAtlas
HSP90B1
GeneCards
HSP90B1
GenBank Gene Database
M33716
GenBank Protein Database
553797
Guide to Pharmacology
2904
UniProt Accession
ENPL_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11740
GenAtlas
TF
GeneCards
TF
GenBank Gene Database
M12530
GenBank Protein Database
339453
UniProt Accession
TRFE_HUMAN
UniProt Accession
LYAR_MOUSE
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10404
GeneCards
RPS2
UniProt Accession
RS2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10780
GeneCards
SRSF1
UniProt Accession
SRSF1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5033
GeneCards
HNRNPA2B1
UniProt Accession
ROA2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5041
GeneCards
HNRNPH1
UniProt Accession
HNRH1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5043
GeneCards
HNRNPH3
UniProt Accession
HNRH3_HUMAN
UniProt Accession
CBID_TREDE
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5045
GeneCards
HNRNPL
UniProt Accession
HNRPL_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10774
GeneCards
SFPQ
UniProt Accession
SFPQ_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10766
GeneCards
SF3A2
UniProt Accession
SF3A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4399
GeneCards
RACK1
UniProt Accession
RACK1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:163
GeneCards
ACTN1
UniProt Accession
ACTN1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:177
GenAtlas
ACY1
GeneCards
ACY1
GenBank Gene Database
L07548
GenBank Protein Database
178071
UniProt Accession
ACY1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:542
GeneCards
ANXA4
UniProt Accession
ANXA4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:543
GeneCards
ANXA5
UniProt Accession
ANXA5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1455
GenAtlas
CALR
GeneCards
CALR
GenBank Gene Database
M32294
GenBank Protein Database
337487
UniProt Accession
CALR_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9021
GenAtlas
PKM2
GeneCards
PKM
GenBank Gene Database
M23725
GenBank Protein Database
189998
Guide to Pharmacology
3006
UniProt Accession
KPYM_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:380
GeneCards
AKR1A1
GenBank Gene Database
J04794
GenBank Protein Database
178481
UniProt Accession
AK1A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2873
GenAtlas
CYB5R3
GeneCards
CYB5R3
GenBank Gene Database
M28713
GenBank Protein Database
553600
UniProt Accession
NB5R3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4623
GenAtlas
GSR
GeneCards
GSR
GenBank Gene Database
X15722
GenBank Protein Database
31825
UniProt Accession
GSHR_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11834
GenAtlas
TKT
GeneCards
TKT
GenBank Gene Database
X67688
GenBank Protein Database
37267
UniProt Accession
TKT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9353
GenAtlas
PRDX2
GeneCards
PRDX2
GenBank Gene Database
Z22548
GenBank Protein Database
438069
UniProt Accession
PRDX2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:16753
GeneCards
PRDX6
UniProt Accession
PRDX6_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9253
GenAtlas
PPIA
GeneCards
PPIA
GenBank Gene Database
Y00052
GenBank Protein Database
30309
Guide to Pharmacology
2751
UniProt Accession
PPIA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5241
GeneCards
HSPA8
GenBank Gene Database
AB034951
GenBank Protein Database
11526573
UniProt Accession
HSP7C_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5253
GenAtlas
HSP90AA1
GeneCards
HSP90AA1
GenBank Gene Database
X15183
GenBank Protein Database
32488
Guide to Pharmacology
2905
UniProt Accession
HS90A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:16049
GenAtlas
PTGES3
GeneCards
PTGES3
GenBank Gene Database
L24804
UniProt Accession
TEBP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11387
GeneCards
STIP1
UniProt Accession
STIP1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6159
GeneCards
EIF6
UniProt Accession
IF6_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3282
GeneCards
EIF4A1
UniProt Accession
IF4A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4458
GenAtlas
GPI
GeneCards
GPI
GenBank Gene Database
K03515
GenBank Protein Database
189238
UniProt Accession
G6PI_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6535
GenAtlas
LDHA
GeneCards
LDHA
GenBank Gene Database
X02152
GenBank Protein Database
34313
UniProt Accession
LDHA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8896
GeneCards
PGK1
UniProt Accession
PGK1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:20778
GenAtlas
TUBB
GeneCards
TUBB
GenBank Gene Database
J00314
GenBank Protein Database
338695
Guide to Pharmacology
2640
UniProt Accession
TBB5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1874
GeneCards
CFL1
GenBank Gene Database
D00682
GenBank Protein Database
219545
UniProt Accession
COF1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12849
GeneCards
YWHAB
UniProt Accession
1433B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4432
GenAtlas
GOT1
GeneCards
GOT1
GenBank Gene Database
M37400
GenBank Protein Database
179067
UniProt Accession
AATC_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4624
GenAtlas
GSS
GeneCards
GSS
GenBank Gene Database
L42531
GenBank Protein Database
886284
UniProt Accession
GSHB_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4856
GeneCards
HDGF
UniProt Accession
HDGF_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5384
GenAtlas
IDH3A
GeneCards
IDH3A
GenBank Gene Database
U07681
GenBank Protein Database
706839
UniProt Accession
IDH3A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2062
GeneCards
CLIC1
UniProt Accession
CLIC1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9568
GeneCards
PSME1
UniProt Accession
PSME1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8630
GenAtlas
PEBP1
GeneCards
PEBP1
GenBank Gene Database
D16111
GenBank Protein Database
435638
UniProt Accession
PEBP1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8888
GeneCards
PGAM1
UniProt Accession
PGAM1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9847
GeneCards
RANBP1
UniProt Accession
RANG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12525
GenAtlas
UGDH
GeneCards
UGDH
GenBank Gene Database
AF061016
GenBank Protein Database
3127127
UniProt Accession
UGDH_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:914
GeneCards
B2M
GenBank Gene Database
AY187687
GenBank Protein Database
27763813
UniProt Accession
B2MG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10603
GeneCards
SCO1
UniProt Accession
SCO1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9449
GeneCards
PRNP
UniProt Accession
APRIO_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4326
GenAtlas
GLRA1
GeneCards
GLRA1
GenBank Gene Database
X52009
GenBank Protein Database
31851
Guide to Pharmacology
423
UniProt Accession
GLRA1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4851
GeneCards
HTT
UniProt Accession
HD_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:18448
GenAtlas
NEIL1
GeneCards
NEIL1
GenBank Gene Database
AB079068
UniProt Accession
NEIL1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:18956
GeneCards
NEIL2
UniProt Accession
NEIL2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:30477
GeneCards
HEPHL1
UniProt Accession
HPHL1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8583
GenAtlas
SERPINE1
GeneCards
SERPINE1
GenBank Gene Database
X04429
GenBank Protein Database
35272
UniProt Accession
PAI1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10492
GeneCards
S100A2
GenBank Gene Database
M87068
UniProt Accession
S10A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10494
GeneCards
S100A4
GenBank Gene Database
M80563
GenBank Protein Database
179917
UniProt Accession
S10A4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11138
GenAtlas
SNCA
GeneCards
SNCA
GenBank Gene Database
L08850
GenBank Protein Database
437365
Guide to Pharmacology
3285
UniProt Accession
SYUA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1033
GenAtlas
BDNF
GeneCards
BDNF
GenBank Gene Database
M37762
UniProt Accession
BDNF_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:16369
GenAtlas
PARK7
GeneCards
PARK7
GenBank Gene Database
D61380
GenBank Protein Database
30038760
UniProt Accession
PARK7_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5329
GenAtlas
IAPP
GeneCards
IAPP
GenBank Gene Database
M27503
GenBank Protein Database
457131
UniProt Accession
IAPP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11521
GeneCards
TAC3
UniProt Accession
TKNK_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5
GeneCards
A1BG
UniProt Accession
A1BG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:316
GeneCards
AFM
UniProt Accession
AFAM_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:333
GenAtlas
AGT
GeneCards
AGT
GenBank Gene Database
K02215
GenBank Protein Database
178640
UniProt Accession
ANGT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:349
GeneCards
AHSG
UniProt Accession
FETUA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:584
GenAtlas
APCS
GeneCards
APCS
GenBank Gene Database
D00097
GenBank Protein Database
220068
Guide to Pharmacology
2839
UniProt Accession
SAMP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:600
GenAtlas
APOA1
GeneCards
APOA1
GenBank Gene Database
BC110286
UniProt Accession
APOA1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:601
GenAtlas
APOA2
GeneCards
APOA2
GenBank Gene Database
X00955
GenBank Protein Database
28748
UniProt Accession
APOA2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:602
GeneCards
APOA4
UniProt Accession
APOA4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:24087
GeneCards
APOBR
UniProt Accession
APOBR_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:609
GeneCards
APOC2
UniProt Accession
APOC2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:610
GeneCards
APOC3
UniProt Accession
APOC3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:612
GeneCards
APOD
UniProt Accession
APOD_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:613
GenAtlas
APOE
GeneCards
APOE
GenBank Gene Database
M12529
GenBank Protein Database
178849
UniProt Accession
APOE_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:616
GenAtlas
APOH
GeneCards
APOH
GenBank Gene Database
X53595
UniProt Accession
APOH_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:910
GenAtlas
AZGP1
GeneCards
AZGP1
GenBank Gene Database
D90427
UniProt Accession
ZA2G_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1245
GenAtlas
C1QC
GeneCards
C1QC
GenBank Gene Database
AF087892
GenBank Protein Database
33150626
UniProt Accession
C1QC_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1247
GenAtlas
C1S
GeneCards
C1S
GenBank Gene Database
X06596
GenBank Protein Database
763110
Guide to Pharmacology
2335
UniProt Accession
C1S_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1318
GenAtlas
C3
GeneCards
C3
GenBank Gene Database
AY513239
UniProt Accession
CO3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:42398
GeneCards
C4B_2
UniProt Accession
CO4B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1325
GeneCards
C4BPA
UniProt Accession
C4BPA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1331
GenAtlas
C5
GeneCards
C5
GenBank Gene Database
M57729
GenBank Protein Database
179983
UniProt Accession
CO5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1353
GeneCards
C8B
UniProt Accession
CO8B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1358
GeneCards
C9
UniProt Accession
CO9_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4883
GeneCards
CFH
UniProt Accession
CFAH_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5394
GeneCards
CFI
UniProt Accession
CFAI_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11891
GenAtlas
CLEC3B
GeneCards
CLEC3B
GenBank Gene Database
X64559
GenBank Protein Database
37409
UniProt Accession
TETN_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2095
GeneCards
CLU
Guide to Pharmacology
3195
UniProt Accession
CLUS_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3535
GenAtlas
F2
GeneCards
F2
GenBank Gene Database
M17262
GenBank Protein Database
339641
Guide to Pharmacology
2362
UniProt Accession
THRB_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1243
GeneCards
C1QBP
UniProt Accession
C1QBP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4620
GeneCards
GSN
GenBank Gene Database
X04412
GenBank Protein Database
736249
UniProt Accession
GELS_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4824
GenAtlas
HBA1
GeneCards
HBA2
GenBank Gene Database
J00153
GenBank Protein Database
386764
UniProt Accession
HBA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4827
GenAtlas
HBB
GeneCards
HBB
GenBank Gene Database
U01317
GenBank Protein Database
455997
UniProt Accession
HBB_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1555
GeneCards
CBX5
UniProt Accession
CBX5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5156
GeneCards
HPR
UniProt Accession
HPTR_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5468
GeneCards
IGFALS
UniProt Accession
ALS_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5525
GenAtlas
IGHG1
GeneCards
IGHG1
UniProt Accession
IGHG1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5528
GeneCards
IGHG4
UniProt Accession
IGHG4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5817
GeneCards
IGKV3-20
UniProt Accession
KV320_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:5870
GeneCards
IGLL1
UniProt Accession
IGLL1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6167
GeneCards
ITIH2
UniProt Accession
ITIH2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6383
GenAtlas
KNG1
GeneCards
KNG1
GenBank Gene Database
K02566
GenBank Protein Database
177890
UniProt Accession
KNG1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6412
GeneCards
KRT1
UniProt Accession
K2C1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6413
GeneCards
KRT10
UniProt Accession
K1C10_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6439
GeneCards
KRT2
UniProt Accession
K22E_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6447
GeneCards
KRT9
UniProt Accession
K1C9_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:29480
GeneCards
LRG1
UniProt Accession
A2GL_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6724
GeneCards
LUM
UniProt Accession
LUM_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:30013
GeneCards
PGLYRP2
UniProt Accession
PGRP2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9071
GenAtlas
PLG
GeneCards
PLG
GenBank Gene Database
X05199
GenBank Protein Database
387026
Guide to Pharmacology
2394
UniProt Accession
PLMN_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9204
GenAtlas
PON1
GeneCards
PON1
GenBank Gene Database
M63012
GenBank Protein Database
190192
UniProt Accession
PON1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9240
GenAtlas
PPBP
GeneCards
PPBP
GenBank Gene Database
M54995
GenBank Protein Database
181176
UniProt Accession
CXCL7_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8941
GenAtlas
SERPINA1
GeneCards
SERPINA1
GenBank Gene Database
K01396
GenBank Protein Database
177829
UniProt Accession
A1AT_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8948
GeneCards
SERPINA4
UniProt Accession
KAIN_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1540
GenAtlas
SERPINA6
GeneCards
SERPINA6
GenBank Gene Database
J02943
GenBank Protein Database
179971
UniProt Accession
CBG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11583
GenAtlas
SERPINA7
GeneCards
SERPINA7
GenBank Gene Database
M14091
GenBank Protein Database
338697
UniProt Accession
THBG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:775
GenAtlas
SERPINC1
GeneCards
SERPINC1
GenBank Gene Database
M21642
GenBank Protein Database
179161
Guide to Pharmacology
2632
UniProt Accession
ANT3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4838
GenAtlas
SERPIND1
GeneCards
SERPIND1
GenBank Gene Database
M12849
GenBank Protein Database
183910
UniProt Accession
HEP2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8824
GeneCards
SERPINF1
UniProt Accession
PEDF_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9075
GenAtlas
SERPINF2
GeneCards
SERPINF2
GenBank Gene Database
D00116
GenBank Protein Database
219408
UniProt Accession
A2AP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1228
GenAtlas
SERPING1
GeneCards
SERPING1
GenBank Gene Database
X54486
UniProt Accession
IC1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12405
GenAtlas
TTR
GeneCards
TTR
GenBank Gene Database
K02091
GenBank Protein Database
189582
Guide to Pharmacology
2851
UniProt Accession
TTHY_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12724
GenAtlas
VTN
GeneCards
VTN
GenBank Gene Database
X03168
GenBank Protein Database
36575
UniProt Accession
VTNC_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:597
GeneCards
APLP1
UniProt Accession
APLP1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12408
GeneCards
TUBA3C
UniProt Accession
TBA3C_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:24071
GeneCards
TUBA3D
UniProt Accession
TBA3D_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11179
GenAtlas
SOD1
GeneCards
SOD1
GenBank Gene Database
L44139
UniProt Accession
SODC_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:80
GenAtlas
ABP1
GeneCards
AOC1
GenBank Gene Database
M55602
GenBank Protein Database
177960
UniProt Accession
AOC1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6664
GeneCards
LOX
Guide to Pharmacology
3097
UniProt Accession
LYOX_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7419
GenAtlas
MT-CO1
GeneCards
MT-CO1
GenBank Gene Database
V00662
GenBank Protein Database
13006
UniProt Accession
COX1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12442
GenAtlas
TYR
GeneCards
TYR
GenBank Gene Database
M27160
GenBank Protein Database
340037
Guide to Pharmacology
2643
UniProt Accession
TYRO_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2689
GenAtlas
DBH
GeneCards
DBH
GenBank Gene Database
X13255
GenBank Protein Database
30474
Guide to Pharmacology
2486
UniProt Accession
DOPO_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:8596
GenAtlas
PAM
GeneCards
PAM
GenBank Gene Database
M37721
GenBank Protein Database
189595
UniProt Accession
AMD_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6833
GenAtlas
MAOA
GeneCards
MAOA
GenBank Gene Database
M68840
GenBank Protein Database
187353
Guide to Pharmacology
2489
UniProt Accession
AOFA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6834
GenAtlas
MAOB
GeneCards
MAOB
GenBank Gene Database
S62734
GenBank Protein Database
398415
Guide to Pharmacology
2490
UniProt Accession
AOFB_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:483
GenAtlas
ANG
GeneCards
ANG
GenBank Gene Database
M11567
GenBank Protein Database
178250
UniProt Accession
ANGI_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9449
GenAtlas
PRNP
GeneCards
PRNP
GenBank Gene Database
M13899
GenBank Protein Database
190468
UniProt Accession
PRIO_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:399
GenAtlas
ALB
GeneCards
ALB
GenBank Gene Database
V00494
GenBank Protein Database
28590
UniProt Accession
ALBU_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7
GenAtlas
A2M
GeneCards
A2M
GenBank Gene Database
M11313
GenBank Protein Database
177870
UniProt Accession
A2MG_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2295
GenAtlas
CP
GeneCards
CP
GenBank Gene Database
M13699
GenBank Protein Database
180256
UniProt Accession
CERU_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:798
GenAtlas
ATOX1
GeneCards
ATOX1
GenBank Gene Database
U70660
UniProt Accession
ATOX1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1613
GeneCards
CCS
UniProt Accession
CCS_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2264
GeneCards
COX17
UniProt Accession
COX17_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4866
GeneCards
HEPH
UniProt Accession
HEPH_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3542
GenAtlas
F5
GeneCards
F5
GenBank Gene Database
M16967
GenBank Protein Database
182412
UniProt Accession
FA5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3546
GenAtlas
F8
GeneCards
F8
GenBank Gene Database
M14113
GenBank Protein Database
182818
UniProt Accession
FA8_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7428
GeneCards
MTF1
UniProt Accession
MTF1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:31864
GeneCards
MT1HL1
UniProt Accession
M1BL1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7393
GeneCards
MT1A
UniProt Accession
MT1A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7394
GeneCards
MT1B
UniProt Accession
MT1B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7397
GeneCards
MT1E
UniProt Accession
MT1E_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7398
GeneCards
MT1F
UniProt Accession
MT1F_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7399
GeneCards
MT1G
UniProt Accession
MT1G_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7400
GeneCards
MT1H
UniProt Accession
MT1H_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7404
GeneCards
MT1L
UniProt Accession
MT1L_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:14296
GeneCards
MT1M
UniProt Accession
MT1M_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7405
GeneCards
MT1X
UniProt Accession
MT1X_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7406
GeneCards
MT2A
UniProt Accession
MT2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7408
GeneCards
MT3
UniProt Accession
MT3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:18705
GeneCards
MT4
UniProt Accession
MT4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7396
GeneCards
MT1DP
UniProt Accession
MT1DP_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7446
GeneCards
TESMIN
UniProt Accession
MTL5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11016
GeneCards
SLC31A1
GenBank Gene Database
U83460
GenBank Protein Database
2315987
UniProt Accession
COPT1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10908
GeneCards
SLC11A2
Guide to Pharmacology
967
UniProt Accession
NRAM2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:869
GeneCards
ATP7A
GenBank Gene Database
L06133
GenBank Protein Database
179253
UniProt Accession
ATP7A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:870
GeneCards
ATP7B
GenBank Gene Database
U11700
GenBank Protein Database
551502
UniProt Accession
ATP7B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11017
GeneCards
SLC31A2
GenBank Gene Database
U83461
GenBank Protein Database
2315989
UniProt Accession
COPT2_HUMAN
Patent information
13 active patents
Source: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0. Patent data sourced from national patent offices. Expiry dates may not reflect extensions, regulatory exclusivity periods, or legal challenges.
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications: