Clove oil 20% dental gel sugar free
Over the counter
Available from pharmacies, supermarkets, and retail outlets
Clove oil is obtained by extraction from the dried flower buds of the clove plant.
Active ingredients:
Clove oil
Formulation:Does not contain sugar — suitable for diabetic patients
Sugar-free
No active safety alerts
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
Source: MHRA Products DatabaseOGL 3.0
Updated 3 months ago(16 Jan 2026)Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
MHRA
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Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
EMA
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
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Dentogen Clove Oil 20% dental gel
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NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
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Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Clove oil
BNF
Drug monograph — bnf.nice.org.ukSource: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
NICE clinical guidance(1)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
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Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
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These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
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Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
18.3 h
Mechanism
The chief constituent present in clove oil is the phenol "eugenol" which is present in amounts up to 85%.
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
4 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
Clove oil is rapidly absorbed through the skin and is used in patented systems for dermal drug delivery to enhance drug uptake from skin patch delivery systems F108.…
Half-life
18.3 h
In a pharmacokinetic study, average half-life values of eugenol in plasma and blood were long (14.0…
Metabolism
20-30%
In the rat, 20-30% of eugenol is metabolized to homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid .
[L2850]
In…
[L2850]
In…
Elimination
24 hours
In a pharmacokinetic study, the metabolism of eugenol (the primary constituent of clove oil) was investigated in healthy male and female volunteers.…
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Status:
Approved
Nutraceutical
Biologic
About this compound
Clove oil is obtained by extraction from the dried flower buds of the clove plant. Traditionally, it has been used as a flavouring spice in foods, or as a fragrance. It is also found in topical analgesics. Clove oil has shown to exert some antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of clove is higher than that of many fruits, vegetables, and other spices [A33133].
Clove is native of Indonesia but is now cultured in several parts of the world, including Brazil in the state of Bahia. This plant represents one of the richest source of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate and gallic acid and has great potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and agricultural applications [A33133].
Interestingly, clove oil has been studied for its potential benefit in treating neuropathic pain, as well as vaginal candidiasis with promising results [A33137], [A33144].
The FDA categorizes clove oil as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in dental cement or as a food additive F108.
Clove is native of Indonesia but is now cultured in several parts of the world, including Brazil in the state of Bahia. This plant represents one of the richest source of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate and gallic acid and has great potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and agricultural applications [A33133].
Interestingly, clove oil has been studied for its potential benefit in treating neuropathic pain, as well as vaginal candidiasis with promising results [A33137], [A33144].
The FDA categorizes clove oil as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in dental cement or as a food additive F108.
Properties:
liquid
DrugBank indication
Clove oil is primarily indicated in conditions like colic, flatulence, and toothache .
[L2849]
[L2849]
Also known as(29)
Caryophylii floris aetheroleum
Caryophyllus aromaticus bud oil
Clove bud oil
Clove oil
Clove volatile oil
Ding xiang bud oil
Eugenia aromatica bud oil
Eugenia caryophyllata bud oil
Dosage forms(15)
Liquid (Oral)
Spray (Topical)
Liquid (Dental)
Liquid (Dental) — 100 %
Gel (Buccal; Topical)
Liniment (Topical)
Liquid (Topical)
Aerosol (Topical)
Drug interactions(732)
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Cyclosporine
Moderate
Cyclosporine may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Icosapent may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotiam may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Mesalazine
Moderate
Mesalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefmenoxime
Moderate
Cefmenoxime may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefmetazole
Moderate
Cefmetazole may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Pamidronic acid
Moderate
Pamidronic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Tenofovir disoproxil
Moderate
Tenofovir disoproxil may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Indomethacin
Moderate
Indomethacin may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cidofovir may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefpiramide
Moderate
Cefpiramide may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceftazidime
Moderate
Ceftazidime may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Loracarbef
Moderate
Loracarbef may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefalotin may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Nabumetone
Moderate
Nabumetone may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Ketorolac may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Tenoxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Celecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefotaxime
Moderate
Cefotaxime may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Tolmetin may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Foscarnet may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Rofecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Piroxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Methotrexate
Moderate
Methotrexate may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cephalexin
Moderate
Cephalexin may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Fenoprofen
Moderate
Fenoprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Valaciclovir
Moderate
Valaciclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Valdecoxib
Moderate
Valdecoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Diclofenac
Moderate
Diclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Sulindac may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Bacitracin
Moderate
Bacitracin may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Amphotericin B
Moderate
Amphotericin B may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cephaloglycin
Moderate
Cephaloglycin may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Flurbiprofen
Moderate
Flurbiprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Adefovir dipivoxil
Moderate
Adefovir dipivoxil may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Pentamidine
Moderate
Pentamidine may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Etodolac may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Mefenamic acid
Moderate
Mefenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Acyclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Naproxen may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Sulfasalazine
Moderate
Sulfasalazine may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Phenylbutazone
Moderate
Phenylbutazone may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Meloxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Carprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Cefaclor may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Diflunisal
Moderate
Diflunisal may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Tacrolimus
Moderate
Tacrolimus may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Ceforanide
Moderate
Ceforanide may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Salicylic acid
Moderate
Salicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Meclofenamic acid
Moderate
Meclofenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Clove oil which could result in a higher serum level.
Showing 50 of 732 interactions
Toxicity & overdose
Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 2650 mg/kg [Rat] MSDS.
Clove oil is considered safe in small quantities (< 1,500 ppm) as a food additive [F108]. The lethal oral dose is 3.75 g per kg body weight in humans [F108].
Contact with skin or soft tissue may cause transient irritation, contact dermatitis, inflammation of the lips, and inflammation or ulceration of the mouth. The eugenol present in clove oil may act as an irritant to skin and mucous membranes; it may also cause hypersensitivity and is reported to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.
Patients may become sensitive to clove oil .
[L2850]
After oral administration of 5-10 ml of clove oil in children below 2 years of age, life-threatening conditions were observed. Adverse effects included coma, acidosis, a generalized seizure, disordered blood clotting, and acute liver damage F108.
Overdose may lead to CNS depression, urinary abnormalities, anion-gap acidosis, deterioration of liver function, coma, seizure and low blood glucose levels. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic; there have been reports in the literature that N-acetylcysteine has been successfully used as an antidote .
[L2850]
There are no epidemiological studies of potential adverse human health effects related to exposure to clove leave oil or eugenol from any human exposure scenarios.
Nor are there any studies of agricultural use, either in workers or those with bystander exposure or other applications. There are no occupational exposure standards for clove leaf oil or eugenol including OSHA PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) or AGIHA TLVs (Threshold Limit Value) in air F108.
Clove oil is considered safe in small quantities (< 1,500 ppm) as a food additive [F108]. The lethal oral dose is 3.75 g per kg body weight in humans [F108].
Contact with skin or soft tissue may cause transient irritation, contact dermatitis, inflammation of the lips, and inflammation or ulceration of the mouth. The eugenol present in clove oil may act as an irritant to skin and mucous membranes; it may also cause hypersensitivity and is reported to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.
Patients may become sensitive to clove oil .
[L2850]
After oral administration of 5-10 ml of clove oil in children below 2 years of age, life-threatening conditions were observed. Adverse effects included coma, acidosis, a generalized seizure, disordered blood clotting, and acute liver damage F108.
Overdose may lead to CNS depression, urinary abnormalities, anion-gap acidosis, deterioration of liver function, coma, seizure and low blood glucose levels. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic; there have been reports in the literature that N-acetylcysteine has been successfully used as an antidote .
[L2850]
There are no epidemiological studies of potential adverse human health effects related to exposure to clove leave oil or eugenol from any human exposure scenarios.
Nor are there any studies of agricultural use, either in workers or those with bystander exposure or other applications. There are no occupational exposure standards for clove leaf oil or eugenol including OSHA PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) or AGIHA TLVs (Threshold Limit Value) in air F108.
How it works
Mechanism of action
The chief constituent present in clove oil is the phenol "eugenol" which is present in amounts up to 85%. Clove oil acts as a germicide [L2849] to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [A24841].
Clove oil is thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, thereby reducing painful symptoms [A33145].
Eugenol, the main constituent of clove oil is purported to have anticancer action. In one study, eugenol-treated HL-60 cells showed features of apoptosis including DNA fragmentation and formation of DNA ladders in agarose gel electrophoresis. It was observed that eugenol transduced the apoptotic signal via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inducing mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), decreasing anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2 level, inducing cytochrome c release to the cytosol, and subsequent apoptotic cell death. When taken together, the study showed that ROS plays a critical role in eugenol-induced apoptosis in HL-60, and this is the first report on the mechanism of the anticancer effect of eugenol [A33146].
Clove oil is thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, thereby reducing painful symptoms [A33145].
Eugenol, the main constituent of clove oil is purported to have anticancer action. In one study, eugenol-treated HL-60 cells showed features of apoptosis including DNA fragmentation and formation of DNA ladders in agarose gel electrophoresis. It was observed that eugenol transduced the apoptotic signal via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inducing mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), decreasing anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2 level, inducing cytochrome c release to the cytosol, and subsequent apoptotic cell death. When taken together, the study showed that ROS plays a critical role in eugenol-induced apoptosis in HL-60, and this is the first report on the mechanism of the anticancer effect of eugenol [A33146].
Pharmacodynamics
Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. [Myrtaceae]) essential oil (CEO) has been demonstrated to possess antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-histamine, and anticancer properties. However, few studies have focused on its topical use [A33133], [L2850].
Clove essential oil, used as an antiseptic in oral infections, inhibits gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as yeast [A24841].
Clove essential oil, used as an antiseptic in oral infections, inhibits gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as yeast [A24841].
Pharmacokinetics
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Absorption
Clove oil is rapidly absorbed through the skin and is used in patented systems for dermal drug delivery to enhance drug uptake from skin patch delivery systems F108.
Half-life
In a pharmacokinetic study, average half-life values of eugenol in plasma and blood were long (14.0 and 18.3 h, respectively), suggesting a potential accumulation of the drug following repeated administrations .
[A33137]
[A33137]
Metabolism
In the rat, 20-30% of eugenol is metabolized to homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid .
[L2850]
In a pharmacokinetic study in man, 95% of the ingested eugenol dose was recovered in the urine, most of which (greater than 99%) consisted of phenolic conjugates; 50% of the conjugated metabolites were eugenol-glucuronide and sulfate. Other metabolic routes observed were the epoxide-diol pathway, synthesis of a thiophenol and of a substituted propionic acid, allylic oxidation, and migration of the double bond .
[A33147]
[L2850]
In a pharmacokinetic study in man, 95% of the ingested eugenol dose was recovered in the urine, most of which (greater than 99%) consisted of phenolic conjugates; 50% of the conjugated metabolites were eugenol-glucuronide and sulfate. Other metabolic routes observed were the epoxide-diol pathway, synthesis of a thiophenol and of a substituted propionic acid, allylic oxidation, and migration of the double bond .
[A33147]
Route of elimination
In a pharmacokinetic study, the metabolism of eugenol (the primary constituent of clove oil) was investigated in healthy male and female volunteers. It was quickly absorbed and metabolized after oral administration and was almost completely excreted in the urine within 24 hours of ingestion .
[A33147]
[A33147]
Drug targets(4)
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
Vascular cell adhesion protein 1
VCAM1
antagonist
Specific functioncell adhesion mediator activity
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Cell adhesion glycoprotein predominantly expressed on the surface of endothelial cells that plays an important role in immune surveillance and inflammation .
PMID:31310649
Acts as a major regulator of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium through interaction with different types of integrins .
PMID:10209034
During inflammatory responses, binds ligands on the surface of activated endothelial cells to initiate the activation of calcium channels and the plasma membrane-associated small GTPase RAC1 leading to leukocyte transendothelial migration .
PMID:22970700
Also serves as a quality-control checkpoint for entry into bone marrow by providing a 'don't-eat-me' stamping in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I presentation PMID:35210567
PMID:31310649
Acts as a major regulator of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium through interaction with different types of integrins .
PMID:10209034
During inflammatory responses, binds ligands on the surface of activated endothelial cells to initiate the activation of calcium channels and the plasma membrane-associated small GTPase RAC1 leading to leukocyte transendothelial migration .
PMID:22970700
Also serves as a quality-control checkpoint for entry into bone marrow by providing a 'don't-eat-me' stamping in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I presentation PMID:35210567
C-X-C motif chemokine 10
CXCL10
Specific functioncAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity
Cellular location
Secreted
General function & pharmacology
Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects .
PMID:11157474 PMID:22652417 PMID:7540647
Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (By similarity). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increase in intracellular calcium production and actin reorganization .
PMID:12750173 PMID:19151743
In turn, recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes occurs at sites of inflammation .
PMID:12663757 PMID:12750173
Activation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis also plays an important role in neurons in response to brain injury for activating microglia, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system, and directing them to the lesion site. This recruitment is an essential element for neuronal reorganization (By similarity)
PMID:11157474 PMID:22652417 PMID:7540647
Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (By similarity). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increase in intracellular calcium production and actin reorganization .
PMID:12750173 PMID:19151743
In turn, recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes occurs at sites of inflammation .
PMID:12663757 PMID:12750173
Activation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis also plays an important role in neurons in response to brain injury for activating microglia, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system, and directing them to the lesion site. This recruitment is an essential element for neuronal reorganization (By similarity)
Collagen alpha-1(I) chain
COL1A1
Specific functionextracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength
Cellular location
Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix
General function & pharmacology
Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen)
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor subunit alpha
CSF2RA
Specific functioncytokine binding
Cellular location
Cell membrane
General function & pharmacology
Low affinity receptor for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Transduces a signal that results in the proliferation, differentiation, and functional activation of hematopoietic cells
Scientific references(8)
Nunez L., Aquino M.D.
Microbicide activity of clove essential oil (Eugenia caryophyllata).
Braz Journal Microbiology
2012 Oct43(4):1255-60. doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822012000400003. Epub 2012 Jun 1
Cortes-Rojas D.F., de Souza C.R., Oliveira W.P.
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): a precious spice.
Asian Pac Journal Trop Biomed
2014 Feb4(2):90-6. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(14)60215-X
Han X., Parker T.L.
Anti-inflammatory activity of clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) essential oil in human dermal fibroblasts.
Pharmacy Biological
2017 Dec55(1):1619-1622. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1314513
Guenette S.A., Ross A., Marier J.F., Beaudry F., Vachon P.
Pharmacokinetics of eugenol and its effects on thermal hypersensitivity in rats.
European Journal Pharmacology
2007 May 7562(1-2):60-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.01.044. Epub 2007 Feb 1
Ahmad N., Alam M.K., Shehbaz A., Khan A., Mannan A., Hakim S.R., Bisht D., Owais M.
Antimicrobial activity of clove oil and its potential in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.
Journal Drug Target
2005 Dec13(10):555-61. doi: 10.1080/10611860500422958
Pongprayoon U., Baeckstrom P., Jacobsson U., Lindstrom M., Bohlin L.
Compounds inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis isolated from Ipomoea pes-caprae.
Planta Medicine
1991 Dec57(6):515-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-960196
Yoo C.B., Han K.T., Cho K.S., Ha J., Park H.J., Nam J.H., Kil U.H., Lee K.T.
Eugenol isolated from the essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata induces a reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
Cancer Lett
2005 Jul 8225(1):41-52. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.11.018. Epub 2004 Dec 15
Fischer I.U., von Unruh G.E., Dengler H.J.
The metabolism of eugenol in man.
Xenobiotica
199020(2):209-222. doi: 10.3109/00498259009047156
Affected organisms(1)
Humans and other mammals
Experimental properties(1)
Commercial products(19)
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Show
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Clove oil
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
3557
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12663
GenAtlas
VCAM1
GeneCards
VCAM1
GenBank Gene Database
M30257
GenBank Protein Database
179886
UniProt Accession
VCAM1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10637
GenAtlas
CXCL10
GeneCards
CXCL10
GenBank Gene Database
X02530
GenBank Protein Database
33918
UniProt Accession
CXL10_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2197
GenAtlas
COL1A1
GeneCards
COL1A1
GenBank Gene Database
Z74615
GenBank Protein Database
1418928
UniProt Accession
CO1A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2435
GenAtlas
CSF2RA
GeneCards
CSF2RA
GenBank Gene Database
X17648
GenBank Protein Database
32089
Guide to Pharmacology
1707
UniProt Accession
CSF2R_HUMAN
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications:
Knox C., Wilson M., Klinger C.M., et al
DrugBank 6.
0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024
Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 552(D1):D1265-D1275
Wishart D.S., Feunang Y.D., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank 5.
0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018
Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Nov 846(D1):D1074-D1082
Show earlier publications
Law V., Knox C., Djoumbou Y., et al
DrugBank 4.
0: shedding new light on drug metabolism
Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 142(1):D1091-7
Knox C., Law V., Jewison T., et al
DrugBank 3.
0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan39(Database issue):D1035-41
Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets.
Nucleic Acids Research
2008 Jan36(Database issue):D901-6
Wishart D.S., Knox C., Guo A.C., et al
DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.
Nucleic Acids Research
2006 Jan 134(Database issue):D668-72
Source: go.drugbank.comCC BY-NC 4.0
Updated 26 days ago(8 Mar 2026)