Citrulline 100mg tablets

ObjectivesTo determine and explore the effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake on arterial stiffness (AS) and endothelial function in middle-aged and elderly individuals.ParticipantsMiddle-aged and elderly adults.DesignsA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across four major electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Web of Science), covering the period from database inception to May 1, 2025. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment tool 2.0. Data analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4.1 software; pulse wave velocity (PWV) data were analyzed using a random-effects model to pool effect sizes, while flow-mediated dilation (FMD) data were analyzed using a fixed-effects model to pool effect sizes. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the chi-square-based Cochran's Q test (p I 2 statistic.ResultsThis systematic review and meta-analysis included 8 RCTs with a total of 176 participants. The results showed that L-citrulline supplementation significantly improved FMD [1.81 (95% CI: 0.76 to 2.85), p = 0.0007]. Although L-citrulline supplementation did not significantly improve PWV [-0.14 (95% CI: -0.45 to 0.17), p = 0.37], a trend toward improvement was observed. Subgroup analyses indicated that L-citrulline supplementation had the most significant effect on ankle-brachial pulse wave velocity (BA-PWV) [-1.11 (95% CI: -1.37 to -0.85), p ConclusionSupplementation with L-citrulline has a positive impact on vascular function in middle-aged and elderly individuals, significantly improving FMD. However, although there was no improvement in PWV, subgroup analysis results still show that L-citrulline supplementation significantly reduced BA-PWV. This suggests that this intervention may have potential application value in preventing and improving the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in this population. However, watermelon intake did not significantly improve FMD and PWV in middle-aged and older adults, and there is insufficient relevant literature. Future large-scale studies are needed to confirm the effects of watermelon on vascular function.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/CRD420251052954.

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The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate whether L-citrulline supplementation can counteract the adverse effects of cold environments on individual blood pressure (BP), providing scientific evidence for the clinical development and application of L-citrulline as a cardiovascular protective nutritional supplement. A comprehensive search was conducted across four electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. The search period was limited from database inception to May 28, 2025. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and JADAD scoring scale were used to assess risk of bias and literature quality of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Statistical analysis of BP data was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software, employing both random-effects and fixed-effects models for data analysis, and forest plots were generated. The overall intervention effect was evaluated using the weighted mean difference (WMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 6 RCTs investigating the effects of L-citrulline intake on BP in cold environments were included, involving 162 participants (intervention group: 87; control group: 75). Results indicate that L-citrulline intake significantly reduced cold-induced SBP (-9.28 mmHg [95% CI: -10.66 to -7.90], p p = 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed significant reductions in brachial SBP (-8.74 mmHg [95% CI: -10.61 to -6.88], p p p p = 0.13). Meta-analysis results indicate that L-citrulline supplementation can significantly improve cold exposure-induced BP elevation, providing scientific evidence for the clinical development and application of cardiovascular protective nutritional supplements.

Abstract licence: CC BY