Ciprofloxacin 200mg/100ml infusion polyethylene bottles
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Antibacterial drugs
Safety information for pregnancy and breastfeeding
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
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Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Ciprofloxacin
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Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
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Suspected adverse reactions reported for Ciprofloxacin
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Part of the Ciproxin brand family (generic: Ciprofloxacin)
MHRA licensed products
View all licensed products for Ciprofloxacin on the MHRA register
Ciprofloxacin 200mg/100ml infusion polyethylene bottles
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Ciprofloxacin
Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
NICE clinical guidance(15)
Pyelonephritis (acute): antimicrobial prescribing (NG111)
Prostatitis (acute): antimicrobial prescribing (NG110)
Otitis media with effusion in under 12s (NG233)
Bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis), acute exacerbation: antimicrobial prescribing (NG117)
Leg ulcer infection: antimicrobial prescribing (NG152)
Urinary tract infection (lower): antimicrobial prescribing (NG109)
Diverticular disease: diagnosis and management (NG147)
Urinary tract infection (catheter-associated): antimicrobial prescribing (NG113)
Neutropenic sepsis: prevention and management in people with cancer (CG151)
Urinary tract infection (recurrent): antimicrobial prescribing (NG112)
Cirrhosis in over 16s: assessment and management (NG50)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (acute exacerbation): antimicrobial prescribing (NG114)
Diabetic foot problems: prevention and management (NG19)
PeritX peritoneal catheter drainage system for vacuum-assisted drainage of treatment-resistant, recurrent malignant ascites (HTG282)
Point-of-care tests for urinary tract infections to improve antimicrobial prescribing: early value assessment (HTG674)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
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Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA). ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
44 found
Half-life
4.71 hours
Mechanism
Ciprofloxacin acts on bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV.
Food interactions
3 warnings
Human targets
2 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
250mg
Half-life
250mg
Protein binding
20-40%
Volume of distribution
0.161L/kg
Metabolism
3-8%
[L6481]
The primary metabolites oxociprofloxacin and sulfociprofloxacin make up 3-8% of the total dose each.
[L6487]…
Elimination
27%
[A178858]…
Clearance
250mg
[A178858]…
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
The first ciprofloxacin containing product was FDA approved on 22 October 1987.[L6463]
[L6469][L6472][L6475][L6478][L6481][L6484][L6487][L6490][L6493]
Ciprofloxacin immediate release tablets, oral suspensions, and intravenous injections are indicated for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, nosocomial pneumonia, febrile neutropenia, adults who have inhaled anthrax, plague, chronic bacterial prostatitis, lower respiratory tract infections including acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections in pediatrics, complicated pyelonephritis in pediatrics, and acute sinusitis.
[L6481][L6478]
A ciprofloxacin otic solution and otic suspension with hydrocortisone are indicated for acute otitis externa.
[L6469][L6484]
Ciprofloxacin suspension with dexamethasone is indicated for acute otitis media in pediatric patients with tympanostomy tubes or acute otitis externa.
[L6490]
A ciprofloxacin intratympanic injection is indicated for pediatric patients with bilateral otitis media with effusion who are having tympanostomy tubes placed or pediatric patients 6 months or older with acute otitis externa.
[L6493]
A ciprofloxacin eye drop is indicated for bacterial corneal ulcers and conjunctivitis.
[L6472]
A ciprofloxacin eye ointment is indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis.
[L6475]
A ciprofloxacin extended release tablet is indicated for uncomplicated urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections, and acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis.
[L6487]
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 50 of 1911 interactions
[A178954][A178957][A178960]
Ciprofloxacin overdose typically leads to acute renal failure.
[A178960]
An overdose may progress over the next 6 days with rising serum creatinine and BUN, as well as anuria.
[A178957]
Patients may require prednisone therapy, urgent hemodialysis, or supportive therapy.
[A178954][A178960]
Depending on the degree of overdose, patients may recover normal kidney function or progress to chronic kidney failure.
[A178960]
The oral LD50 in rats is >2000mg/kg.
[L6529]
Ciprofloxacin for intratympanic injection or otic use has low systemic absorption and so it unlikely to be a risk in pregnancy or lactation.
[L6493]
There is generally no harm to the fetus in animal studies, however high doses may lead to gastrointestinal disturbances in the mother which may increase the incidence of abortion.
[L6490][L6472][L6484][L6475]
In human studies there was no increase in fetal malformations above background rates.
[L6478][L6481]
The risk and benefit of ciprofloxacin should be weighed in pregnancy and breast feeding.
[L6490][L6472][L6484][L6478][L6481][L6487][L6475][L6469]
2/8 in vitro tests and 0/3 in vivo tests of mutagenicity of ciprofloxacin have yielded a positive result.
[L6493][L6490][L6472][L6484][L6478][L6481][L6487][L6475][L6469]
Oral doses of 200 and 300 times the maximum recommended clinical dose in rats and mice have shown no carcinogenicity or tumorigenicity.
[L6493][L6472][L6484][L6478][L6481][L6487][L6475][L6469]
Oral doses above the maximum recommended clinical dose have shown no effects on fertility in rats.
[L6493][L6484][L6478][L6481][L6487][L6475][L6469]
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
[A178858]
The FDA reports an oral bioavailability of 70-80%[Label,A820] while other studies report it to be approximately 60%.
[A178858]
An early review of ciprofloxacin reported an oral bioavailability of 64-85% but recommends 70% for all practical uses.
[A178876]
[A178858]
Generally the half life is reported as 4 hours.[Label,A178858]
[A178876]
[L6481]
The primary metabolites oxociprofloxacin and sulfociprofloxacin make up 3-8% of the total dose each.
[L6487]
Ciprofloxacin is also converted to the minor metabolites desethylene ciprofloxacin and formylciprofloxacin.
[L6487]
These 4 metabolites account for 15% of a total oral dose.
[L6481]
There is a lack of available data on the enzymes and types of reactions involved in forming these metabolites.
[A178822][A178819][A178828][A178831]
[A178858]
Collection of radiolabelled ciprofloxacin resulted in 45% recovery in urine and 62% recovery in feces.
[A178876]
[A178858]
Following a 100mg intravenous dose, the average total clearance is 9.62mL/min\*kg, average renal clearance is 4.42mL/min\*kg, and average non renal clearance is 5.21mL/min\*kg.
[A178858]
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:17567603 PMID:18790802 PMID:22013166 PMID:22323612
May play a role in regulating the period length of BMAL1 transcriptional oscillation (By similarity)
PMID:10219239 PMID:10753933 PMID:10790218 PMID:10837251 PMID:11997281 PMID:12063277 PMID:18559421 PMID:22314138 PMID:22359612 PMID:26363003 PMID:27916661 PMID:9230439 PMID:9351446 PMID:9765245
Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly .
PMID:10837251
Characterized by unusual gating kinetics by producing relatively small outward currents during membrane depolarization and large inward currents during subsequent repolarization which reflect a rapid inactivation during depolarization and quick recovery from inactivation but slow deactivation (closing) during repolarization .
PMID:10219239 PMID:10753933 PMID:10790218 PMID:10837251 PMID:11997281 PMID:12063277 PMID:18559421 PMID:22314138 PMID:22359612 PMID:26363003 PMID:27916661 PMID:9230439 PMID:9351446 PMID:9765245
Forms a stable complex with KCNE1 or KCNE2, and that this heteromultimerization regulates inward rectifier potassium channel activity PMID:10219239 PMID:9230439
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548
Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218
PMID:16330770 PMID:17509534
Plays a physiological role in the excretion of cationic compounds including endogenous metabolites, drugs, toxins through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17495125 PMID:17509534 PMID:17582384 PMID:18305230 PMID:19158817 PMID:21128598 PMID:24961373
Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, vitamin B1/thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate .
PMID:16330770 PMID:17495125 PMID:17509534 PMID:17582384 PMID:18305230 PMID:19158817 PMID:21128598 PMID:24961373
May also contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
Plays a physiological role in the excretion of drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites through the kidney
Proteins that carry this drug through the body
PMID:19021548
Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity).
Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity).
Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli .
PMID:6234017
Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin PMID:6234017
ATC J01RA11
ATC S03AA07
ATC J01MA02
ATC S02AA15
ATC J01RA10
ATC J01RA12
ATC S01AE03
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Ciprofloxacin
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
93
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
8327
ChemSpider
2662
BindingDB
21690
PDB
CPF
ZINC
ZINC000000020220
GenBank Gene Database
L42023
GenBank Protein Database
1574370
UniProt Accession
PARC_HAEIN
GenBank Gene Database
L42023
GenBank Protein Database
1574722
UniProt Accession
GYRA_HAEIN
UniProt Accession
GYRA_STAAU
GenBank Gene Database
X71437
UniProt Accession
GYRB_STAAU
GenBank Gene Database
J04230
GenBank Protein Database
7537304
UniProt Accession
TYSY_CANAL
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:11989
GenAtlas
TOP2A
GeneCards
TOP2A
GenBank Gene Database
J04088
GenBank Protein Database
292830
Guide to Pharmacology
2637
UniProt Accession
TOP2A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6251
GenAtlas
KCNH2
GeneCards
KCNH2
GenBank Gene Database
U04270
GenBank Protein Database
487738
Guide to Pharmacology
572
UniProt Accession
KCNH2_HUMAN
UniProt Accession
GYRA_ECOLI
UniProt Accession
PARC_STAAU
UniProt Accession
PARE_BACSU
UniProt Accession
GYRA_BACSU
UniProt Accession
C3T8E2_ECOLX
UniProt Accession
B4YQT9_MYCTX
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2596
GenAtlas
CYP1A2
GeneCards
CYP1A2
GenBank Gene Database
Z00036
Guide to Pharmacology
1319
UniProt Accession
CP1A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2637
GenAtlas
CYP3A4
GeneCards
CYP3A4
GenBank Gene Database
M18907
Guide to Pharmacology
1337
UniProt Accession
CP3A4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2638
GenAtlas
CYP3A5
GeneCards
CYP3A5
GenBank Gene Database
J04813
GenBank Protein Database
181346
Guide to Pharmacology
1338
UniProt Accession
CP3A5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2640
GeneCards
CYP3A7
GenBank Gene Database
D00408
GenBank Protein Database
220149
UniProt Accession
CP3A7_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:399
GenAtlas
ALB
GeneCards
ALB
GenBank Gene Database
V00494
GenBank Protein Database
28590
UniProt Accession
ALBU_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:40
GenAtlas
ABCB1
GeneCards
ABCB1
GenBank Gene Database
M14758
GenBank Protein Database
307180
Guide to Pharmacology
768
UniProt Accession
MDR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:25588
GeneCards
SLC47A1
GenBank Gene Database
AK001709
GenBank Protein Database
7023138
Guide to Pharmacology
1216
UniProt Accession
S47A1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:26439
GeneCards
SLC47A2
Guide to Pharmacology
1217
UniProt Accession
S47A2_HUMAN
International reference pricing
Reference pricing from DrugBank. Prices are indicative and may not reflect current UK costs.
Source: DrugBank. Used under CC BY-NC 4.0 academic licence for non-commercial purposes.
Patent information
9 active patents, 15 expired
Source: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0. Patent data sourced from national patent offices. Expiry dates may not reflect extensions, regulatory exclusivity periods, or legal challenges.
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications: