Chikungunya vaccine (live) powder and solvent for solution for injection 0.5ml vials

Chikungunya virus significantly impacts public health, primarily affecting regions in Africa and the Americas (predominantly Latin America and the Caribbean). Despite the global spread of the virus and its clinical manifestations and complications in vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant persons, no widely available vaccine is currently available. With recent advancements in vaccine development, there is a need to systematically evaluate the emerging evidence on the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of chikungunya vaccine candidates. This protocol outlines a living systematic review designed to continuously assess the growing research on chikungunya vaccines, focusing on diverse populations, including children and pregnant persons. We aim to provide up-to-date evidence to inform public health decisions and vaccine recommendations as new data is available. Our objective is to carry out a living systematic review and meta-analysis through biweekly searches in medical databases and clinical trial registries, aiming to identify relevant chikungunya vaccines studies on pregnant individuals, children, and adolescents. Pairs of reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. Clinical trials, quasi-experimental studies, and observational studies, including case reports, will be considered for inclusion. Main outcomes will include the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of chikungunya vaccines in pregnant individuals (including neonatal outcomes), as well as in children and adolescents. Reactogenicity and immunogenicity will be considered as secondary outcomes. Paired meta-analyses, incorporating predefined subgroup and sensitivity analyses, will be performed. Evidence certainty will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. This living systematic review and meta-analysis will continuously assess the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of chikungunya vaccines in pregnant persons, children, and adolescents. Given the significant disease burden and potential complications in these populations, synthesizing emerging evidence is crucial for guiding immunization policies and clinical recommendations. By maintaining an updated analysis, this review will provide timely insights for public health agencies, researchers, and clinicians involved in vaccine implementation and maternal-child health. Two protocols were registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database, CRD42024514513 and CRD42024516754.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Arboviral diseases, transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes, represent a growing global health challenge. The spread of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever has been associated with factors such as climate change, urbanization, and increased global mobility. We conducted a systematic review of the literature published between January 2000 and December 2024, screening 487 studies, of which 11 met predefined inclusion criteria and were included in the final synthesis (PROSPERO registration: CRD42021231605). The review integrates evidence from epidemiological reports, molecular surveillance studies, and evaluations of control strategies across endemic and emerging regions. Findings indicate a marked geographic expansion of major arboviruses beyond traditional endemic zones, with multiple studies reporting substantial increases in incidence in temperate regions over the past two decades. Molecular analyses consistently demonstrate high genetic diversity and ongoing viral evolution, reflecting adaptation to environmental and host pressures. The review also highlights persistent challenges in disease control, including widespread insecticide resistance, uneven surveillance capacity, and limitations in vaccine deployment. Emerging interventions such as Wolbachia-based vector control, genetically modified mosquitoes, and newer dengue and chikungunya vaccines show promise but require integration within broader surveillance, health-system, and governance frameworks. Overall, the findings underscore the need for coordinated, multisectoral approaches to strengthen early detection, improve control strategies, and mitigate the growing global burden of arboviral diseases.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Abstract Background Since July 2025, there have been outbreaks of chikungunya fever in some parts of China, which has drawn widespread social attention. Vaccination is the most economical and effective means of preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Currently, there are two chikungunya fever vaccines approved for marketing worldwide, and there is still a lack of systematic review and analysis of the immunogenicity and safety of this vaccine. Objective Compare the levels in immunogenicity and safety of Chikungunya (CHIKV) vaccine. Methods Computerized searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials on the implementation of CHIKV vaccines in human populations. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to August 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software. Results In terms of immunogenicity, the results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in seroreponse rate: RR =12.22 (95% CI : 9.05∼16.51, I 2 =89%, P <0.00001), as well as GMR: RR =13.88 (95% CI : 4.12∼46.79, I 2 =0%, P <0.00001). In the meta-analysis of safety indicators, there was a statistically significant differences in any adverse reactions: RR =1.30(95% CI : 1.18∼1.42, I 2 =45%, P <0.00001). The meta-analysis results of local adverse reactions showed that there was a statistically significant differences in any local adverse reactions: RR =1.61 (95% CI :1.42∼1.82, I 2 =67%, P < 0.00001), as well as injection site pain: RR =1.83 (95% CI : 1.46∼2.28, I 2 =38%, P < 0.00001). The results showed that there were statistically significant difference in systemic solicited adverse events: RR =1.54(95% CI :1.44∼1.66, I 2 =87%, P <0.00001), as well as their common manifestations(including headache, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, fever). Conclusion CHIKV vaccine has demonstrated well immunogenicity. However, further research is still needed on the adverse events following vaccination. Author Summary Chikungunya fever, as a neglected tropical disease, experienced a relatively severe outbreak in the Guangdong region of China in 2025. Vaccination, as the most effective vaccination method, currently only has two approved vaccines globally. This study systematically reviewed the published RCTs results of different technical routes of chikungunya fever vaccines that have been on the market and are still in clinical trials, to understand, analyze and master the various immunogenicity and safety data of chikungunya fever vaccines. Study found that vaccination with the chikungunya fever vaccine was able to induce strong neutralizing antibodies and demonstrated an excellent seroreponse rate. However, in terms of safety, some significant adverse reactions were observed, especially in the overall adverse reaction rates such as headache, fatigue, muscle pain, fever, etc., as well as the local adverse reaction rates such as pain at the injection site. This inspires us to pay more attention to the safety of chikungunya fever vaccines in the future vaccine research and development process.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus transmitted predominantly by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Infection is characterized by an acute febrile illness accompanied by debilitating polyarthralgia, myalgia, and cutaneous manifestations. Although the acute syndrome is usually self-limited, a substantial proportion of patients experience persistent musculoskeletal symptoms that may progress to chronic inflammatory arthritis, resulting in prolonged disability and impaired quality of life. Objective: To summarize current evidence on the epidemiology, virology, immunopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, prevention, and vaccine development of CHIKV, with particular emphasis on its implications for public health policy and immunization strategies in Mexico. Methods: This position paper was developed through a structured narrative review of the scientific literature. Publications indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, together with documents issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and European Medicines Agency (EMA), were critically reviewed. Evidence was selected according to its scientific quality and relevance to Mexico and Latin America. Because this work represents an expert consensus rather than a systematic review, formal risk-of-bias assessment was not performed. Results: CHIKV circulates through both urban and sylvatic transmission cycles and continues to expand into regions where competent mosquito vectors are established. Disease progression is driven by complex innate and adaptive immune responses, with exaggerated inflammatory activation contributing to chronic rheumatologic sequelae. Laboratory confirmation relies primarily on molecular assays during the viremic phase and serological testing thereafter. Recent advances in vaccine development—including live-attenuated and virus-like particle (VLP) platforms—have demonstrated favorable immunogenicity and acceptable safety profiles. However, vaccination should be considered as one component of an integrated prevention strategy that also includes vector surveillance, environmental control, and rapid outbreak detection. Conclusions: Chikungunya remains an emerging global public health challenge because of its expanding geographic distribution, epidemic potential, and long-term clinical consequences. Incorporating vaccination into comprehensive arboviral control programs, together with strengthened surveillance and integrated vector management, may substantially reduce disease burden. This position paper provides evidence-based recommendations to support future chikungunya prevention and vaccination policies in Mexico.

Abstract licence: CC BY