Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Carbamazepine, also known as Tegretol, is an anticonvulsant drug and analgesic drug used to control seizures and to treat pain resulting from trigeminal neuralgia.
Genetic variations that may affect drug response
1 known genetic variation may influence how your body responds to Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free.Gene involved: SCN1A
These are known genetic variations. They don't mean the medicine won't work for you — speak to your doctor or a pharmacogenomics specialist for personalised advice. Source: DrugBank (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Official documents, adverse reaction reporting, and safety monitoring
Report a side effect
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Official medicine documents
Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
The MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of suspected side effects from healthcare professionals and patients. View the Drug Analysis Profile (iDAP) for real-world adverse reaction data.
View Drug Analysis Profile
Suspected adverse reactions reported for Carbamazepine
Browse all iDAP reports
Interactive Drug Analysis Profiles for all medicines
Report a side effect
Submit a Yellow Card report to the MHRA
Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
EudraVigilance
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) collects suspected adverse reaction reports from across the EU/EEA through the EudraVigilance system. Search for safety data on this medicine.
View EudraVigilance report
Suspected adverse reactions reported for Carbamazepine
About EudraVigilance
Learn about EU pharmacovigilance and safety monitoring
EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
16 branded products available
Part of the Epimaz brand family (generic: Carbamazepine)
MHRA licensed products
View all licensed products for Carbamazepine on the MHRA register
Tegretol 100mg/5ml liquid
Tegretol 100mg/5ml liquid
Tegretol 100mg/5ml liquid
Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free
Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free
Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free
Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free
Carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension sugar free
This is the NHS Drug Tariff indicative price used for reimbursement purposes. It may not reflect the price paid by patients or pharmacies.
View full Drug TariffSource: NHS Drug Tariff via NHSBSA. Derived from dm+d VMPP (Virtual Medicinal Product Pack) pricing data. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
WHO defined daily dose (DDD)
1 gram
Not a recommended dose. The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. It is a statistical measure used for research and comparison purposes only.
Source: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, distributed via NHS dm+d BNF mapping files. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
NHS prescribing volume and spending trends
Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Carbamazepine
Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
NICE clinical guidance(9)
Epilepsies in children, young people and adults (NG217)
Alcohol-use disorders: diagnosis and management of physical complications (CG100)
Neuropathic pain in adults: pharmacological management in non-specialist settings (CG173)
Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance (CG192)
Cenobamate for treating focal onset seizures in epilepsy (TA753)
Gastroparesis in adults: oral erythromycin (ESUOM13)
Schizophrenia: lurasidone (ESNM48)
Mexiletine for treating the symptoms of myotonia in non-dystrophic myotonic disorders (TA748)
Bipolar disorder: assessment and management (CG185)
Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Check stock at pharmacies and supply information
Pharmacy stock checkers
Search for this medicine at major UK pharmacy chains. These links open the retailer's own website — results depend on their current online catalogue.
Supply & product information
Official product databases and supply status monitoring
Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA). ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
22 found
Half-life
35 to 40 hours
Mechanism
Carbamazepine's mechanism of action is not fully elucidated and is widely debated.
Food interactions
4 warnings
Human targets
3 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
75-85%
[A180301]…
Half-life
35 to 40 hours
Protein binding
75%
[A180301][L1335]
One pharmacokinetic study indicates that it is 72% bound to plasma proteins.
[A180424]…
Volume of distribution
1.0 L/kg
Metabolism
Elimination
72%
Clearance
5 mL/min
[L1335]…
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
[L1335]
In particular, carbamazepine has shown efficacy in treating mixed seizures, partial seizures with complex symptoms, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
[A180301][L1335]
Carbamazepine is also indicated for the treatment of manic episodes and mixed manic-depressive episodes caused by bipolar I disorder.
[L1335]
Some off-label, unapproved uses of carbamazepine include the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and restless leg syndrome.
[A180415][A180421]
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 50 of 2423 interactions
Oral LDLO (female): 1920 mg/kg/17W (intermittent); Oral LDLO (male): 54 mg/kg/9D (intermittent)[L7156]
Oral LD50 (rat): 1957 mg/kg [L7156]
Overdose information
The initial signs of carbamazepine overdose occur 1-3 hours post ingestion. These signs and symptoms may vary in case of an overdose between carbamazepine and other drugs. Carbamazepine may cause various cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, urinary symptoms as well as laboratory abnormalities including leukocytosis, reduced leucocytes, acetonuria, and glycosuria.
[L1335]
Neuromuscular symptoms may occur initially, followed by mild cardiac symptoms such as tachycardia, hypertension, or hypotension.
Higher doses of carbamazepine may cause more severed cardiovascular effects. Restlessness, muscular twitching, tremor, dilated pupils, nystagmus, psychomotor disturbances, and other neurological symptoms may occur. Hyperreflexia in the initial stages of overdose may be followed by hyporeflexia. Nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, dizziness or drowsiness may also occur.
[L1335]
In cases of overdose, contact the local poison control center. Ensure to provide supportive and symptomatic treatment, which may include monitoring and careful supervision by a medical professional.
The possibility of overdose with multiple drugs must be considered in the case of carbamazepine overdose. Maintain an adequate airway, oxygen, in addition to ventilation. Vital signs should be monitored.
[L1335]
A common issue that has arisen is resistance to this drug in up to 30% of epileptic patients, which may occur to altered metabolism in patients with variant genotypes.[A180436] A potential therapeutic target to combat carbamazepine resistance has recently been identified as the EPHX1 gene promoter, potentially conferring resistance to carbamazepine through methylation.[A180439]
Carbamazepine treats seizures and the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia by inhibiting sodium channels. In bipolar 1 disorder, carbamazepine has been found to decrease mania symptoms in a clinically significant manner according to the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).[L1335] Carbamazepine has a narrow therapeutic index.[A180301]
A note on genetic variation and carbamazepine use
In studies of Han Chinese ancestry patients, a pronounced association between the HLA-B*1502 genotype and Steven Johnson syndrome and/or toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) resulting from carbamazepine use was observed.[A180397]
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
[A180301]
After one 200 mg oral extended-release dose of carbamazepine in a pharmacokinetic study, the Cmax carbamazepine was measured to be 1.9 ± 0.3 mcg/mL. The Tmax was 19 ± 7 hours. After several doses of 800 mg every 12 hours, the peak concentrations of carbamazepine were measured to be 11.0 ± 2.5 mcg/mL.
The Tmax was reduced to 5.9 ± 1.8 hours. Extended-release carbamazepine demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics over a range of 200–800 mg.
[L1335]
Effect of food on absorption
A meal containing high-fat content increased the rate of absorption of one 400 mg dose but not the AUC of carbamazepine.
[L1335]
The elimination half-life remained unchanged between fed and fasting state. The pharmacokinetics of an extended-release carbamazepine dose was demonstrated to be similar when administered in the fasted state or with food.
[L1335]
Based on these findings, food intake is unlikely to exert significant effects on carbamazepine absorption.
[L1335]
One pharmacokinetic study determined the elimination half-life of carbamazepine to range between 27 to 36.8 hours in healthy volunteers.
[A180424]
[A180301][L1335]
One pharmacokinetic study indicates that it is 72% bound to plasma proteins.
[A180424]
[A180304]
Another study indicates that the volume of distribution of carbamazepine ranges between 0.7 to 1.4 L/kg..
[A180424]
Carbamazepine crosses the placenta, and higher concentrations of this drug are found in the liver and kidney as opposed to lung and brain tissue.
[L1335]
Carbamazepine crosses variably through the blood-brain barrier.
[A180436]
[L1335]
Other hepatic cytochrome enzymes that contribute to the metabolism of carbamazepine are CYP2C8, CYP3A5, and CYP2B6.
[L7195]
Carbamazepine also undergoes hepatic glucuronidation by UGT2B7 enzyme and several other metabolic reactions occur, resulting in the formation of minor hydroxy metabolites and quinone metabolites.
[L7195]
Interestingly, carbamazepine induces its own metabolism.
[L1335]
This leads to enhanced clearance, reduced half-life, and a reduction in serum levels of carbamazepine.
[A180301][L1335]
[L1335]
[L1335]
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
The influx of Na(+) ions provokes membrane depolarization, initiating the propagation of electrical signals throughout cells and tissues .
PMID:15385606 PMID:16988069 PMID:17145499 PMID:17167479 PMID:19369487 PMID:24311784 PMID:25240195 PMID:26680203 PMID:7720699
Nav1.7 plays a crucial role in controlling the excitability and action potential propagation from nociceptor neurons, thereby contributing to the sensory perception of pain PMID:17145499 PMID:17167479 PMID:19369487 PMID:24311784
PMID:22361591 PMID:27698419 PMID:29720657 PMID:38454578
CHRNA4 forms heteropentameric neuronal acetylcholine receptors with CHRNB2 and CHRNB4, as well as CHRNA5 and CHRNB3 as accesory subunits. Is the most abundant nAChR subtype expressed in the central nervous system .
PMID:16835356 PMID:22361591 PMID:27698419 PMID:29720657 PMID:38454578
Found in two major stoichiometric forms,(CHRNA4)3:(CHRNB2)2 and (CHRNA4)2:(CHRNB2)3, the two stoichiometric forms differ in their unitary conductance, calcium permeability, ACh sensitivity and potentiation by divalent cation .
PMID:27698419 PMID:29720657 PMID:38454578
Involved in the modulation of calcium-dependent signaling pathways, influences the release of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, glutamate and GABA (By similarity)
Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism — important for understanding drug interactions
Proteins that transport this drug across cell membranes
PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:8898203 PMID:9038218 PMID:35507548
Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins .
PMID:8898203
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells PMID:2897240 PMID:35970996 PMID:9038218
PMID:7673236
As a GTPase-activating protein/GAP can inactivate CDC42 and RAC1 by stimulating their GTPase activity .
PMID:7673236
As part of the Ral signaling pathway, may also regulate ligand-dependent EGF and insulin receptors-mediated endocytosis .
PMID:10910768 PMID:12775724
During mitosis, may act as a scaffold protein in the phosphorylation of EPSIN/EPN1 by the mitotic kinase cyclin B-CDK1, preventing endocytosis during that phase of the cell cycle .
PMID:12775724
During mitosis, also controls mitochondrial fission as an effector of RALA .
PMID:21822277
Recruited to mitochondrion by RALA, acts as a scaffold to foster the mitotic kinase cyclin B-CDK1-mediated phosphorylation and activation of DNM1L PMID:21822277
PMID:10220572 PMID:10421658 PMID:11500505 PMID:16332456
Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of mono- and bis-glucuronidated bilirubin molecules and therefore play an important role in bilirubin detoxification .
PMID:10421658
Also mediates hepatobiliary excretion of others glucuronide conjugates such as 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid and leukotriene C4 .
PMID:11500505
Transports sulfated bile salt such as taurolithocholate sulfate .
PMID:16332456
Transports various anticancer drugs, such as anthracycline, vinca alkaloid and methotrexate and HIV-drugs such as protease inhibitors .
PMID:10220572 PMID:11500505 PMID:12441801
Confers resistance to several anti-cancer drugs including cisplatin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, methotrexate, etoposide and vincristine PMID:10220572 PMID:11500505
ATC N03AF01
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Show
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Carbamazepine
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
4182
ChemSpider
2457
BindingDB
50003659
PDB
N6W
ZINC
ZINC000000004785
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10585
GenAtlas
SCN1A
GeneCards
SCN1A
GenBank Gene Database
AF225985
GenBank Protein Database
12642270
Guide to Pharmacology
578
UniProt Accession
SCN1A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10582
GenAtlas
SCN10A
GeneCards
SCN10A
GenBank Gene Database
AF117907
GenBank Protein Database
4838145
Guide to Pharmacology
585
UniProt Accession
SCNAA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10583
GenAtlas
SCN11A
GeneCards
SCN11A
GenBank Gene Database
AF188679
GenBank Protein Database
6572950
UniProt Accession
SCNBA_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10588
GenAtlas
SCN2A
GeneCards
SCN2A
GenBank Gene Database
M94055
GenBank Protein Database
457879
Guide to Pharmacology
579
UniProt Accession
SCN2A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10590
GenAtlas
SCN3A
GeneCards
SCN3A
GenBank Gene Database
AJ251507
GenBank Protein Database
7414320
Guide to Pharmacology
580
UniProt Accession
SCN3A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10591
GenAtlas
SCN4A
GeneCards
SCN4A
GenBank Gene Database
M81758
GenBank Protein Database
338213
Guide to Pharmacology
581
UniProt Accession
SCN4A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10593
GenAtlas
SCN5A
GeneCards
SCN5A
GenBank Gene Database
M77235
GenBank Protein Database
184039
Guide to Pharmacology
582
UniProt Accession
SCN5A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10594
GeneCards
SCN7A
UniProt Accession
SCN7A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10596
GenAtlas
SCN8A
GeneCards
SCN8A
GenBank Gene Database
AF050736
GenBank Protein Database
4321647
Guide to Pharmacology
583
UniProt Accession
SCN8A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:10597
GenAtlas
SCN9A
GeneCards
SCN9A
GenBank Gene Database
X82835
GenBank Protein Database
758110
Guide to Pharmacology
584
UniProt Accession
SCN9A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1958
GenAtlas
CHRNA4
GeneCards
CHRNA4
GenBank Gene Database
L35901
GenBank Protein Database
755648
Guide to Pharmacology
465
UniProt Accession
ACHA4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:7968
GenAtlas
NR1I2
GeneCards
NR1I2
GenBank Gene Database
AF061056
GenBank Protein Database
3511138
Guide to Pharmacology
606
UniProt Accession
NR1I2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2637
GenAtlas
CYP3A4
GeneCards
CYP3A4
GenBank Gene Database
M18907
Guide to Pharmacology
1337
UniProt Accession
CP3A4_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2622
GenAtlas
CYP2C8
GeneCards
CYP2C8
GenBank Gene Database
M17397
Guide to Pharmacology
1325
UniProt Accession
CP2C8_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2596
GenAtlas
CYP1A2
GeneCards
CYP1A2
GenBank Gene Database
Z00036
Guide to Pharmacology
1319
UniProt Accession
CP1A2_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2623
GenAtlas
CYP2C9
GeneCards
CYP2C9
GenBank Gene Database
AY341248
Guide to Pharmacology
1326
UniProt Accession
CP2C9_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2621
GeneCards
CYP2C19
GenBank Gene Database
M61854
GenBank Protein Database
181344
Guide to Pharmacology
1328
UniProt Accession
CP2CJ_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2615
GeneCards
CYP2B6
GenBank Gene Database
M29874
GenBank Protein Database
181296
Guide to Pharmacology
1324
UniProt Accession
CP2B6_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:2638
GenAtlas
CYP3A5
GeneCards
CYP3A5
GenBank Gene Database
J04813
GenBank Protein Database
181346
Guide to Pharmacology
1338
UniProt Accession
CP3A5_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12554
GeneCards
UGT2B7
GenBank Gene Database
J05428
GenBank Protein Database
340080
UniProt Accession
UD2B7_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12530
GeneCards
UGT1A1
GenBank Gene Database
M57899
GenBank Protein Database
184473
Guide to Pharmacology
2990
UniProt Accession
UD11_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12538
GeneCards
UGT1A6
UniProt Accession
UD16_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:12539
GeneCards
UGT1A7
UniProt Accession
UD17_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:40
GenAtlas
ABCB1
GeneCards
ABCB1
GenBank Gene Database
M14758
GenBank Protein Database
307180
Guide to Pharmacology
768
UniProt Accession
MDR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:9841
GeneCards
RALBP1
UniProt Accession
RBP1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:53
GenAtlas
ABCC2
GeneCards
ABCC2
GenBank Gene Database
U63970
GenBank Protein Database
1764162
Guide to Pharmacology
780
UniProt Accession
MRP2_HUMAN
International reference pricing
Reference pricing from DrugBank. Prices are indicative and may not reflect current UK costs.
Source: DrugBank. Used under CC BY-NC 4.0 academic licence for non-commercial purposes.
Patent information
7 active patents, 3 expired
Source: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0. Patent data sourced from national patent offices. Expiry dates may not reflect extensions, regulatory exclusivity periods, or legal challenges.
DrugBank citations
If you use DrugBank data in your research, please cite the following publications: