Calcitonin (salmon) 50units/1ml solution for injection ampoules

IntroductionPhantom limb pain (PLP) refers to pain perceived in a part of the body removed by amputation or trauma. Despite the high prevalence of PLP following amputation and the significant morbidity associated with it, robust therapeutic approaches are currently lacking. Calcitonin, a polypeptide hormone, has recently emerged as a novel analgesic with documented benefits in the treatment of several pain-related conditions.MethodsWe present a systematic review that comprehensively evaluates the analgesic effects of calcitonin for patients with PLP. We searched MEDLINE, OLDMEDLINE, and PubMed Central databases with the key words "calcitonin" "phantom limb pain" and "phantom pain" to identify clinical studies evaluating the efficacy or effectiveness of calcitonin administration, in any form and dose, for the treatment of PLP. Additionally, Google Scholar was searched manually with the search term "calcitonin phantom limb pain". All four databases were searched from inception until 1 December 2022. The methodological quality of each included study was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist and the GRADE criteria were used to assess effect certainty and risk of bias.ResultsOur search identified 4108 citations, of which six ultimately met the criteria for inclusion in the synthesis. The included articles described a mix of open-label (n = 2), prospective observational cohort (n = 1), and randomized clinical trials (n = 3). The most common treatment regimen in the current literature is a single intravenous infusion of 200 IU salmon-derived calcitonin.ConclusionThe available evidence supported the use of calcitonin as either monotherapy or adjuvant therapy in the treatment of PLP during the acute phase, while the evidence surrounding calcitonin treatment in chronic PLP is heterogeneous. Given the limited treatment options for the management of PLP and calcitonin's relatively wide therapeutic index, further research is warranted to determine the role that calcitonin may play in the treatment of PLP and other pain disorders.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of calcitonin (CT) in animal models of experimental osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as new stabilized CT formulations are currently being introduced.MethodsA comprehensive and systemic literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases to identify articles with original data on CT treatment of preclinical OA and RA. Methodological quality was assessed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation's risk of bias tool for animal intervention studies. To provide summary estimates of efficacy, a meta-analysis was conducted for outcomes reported in four or more studies, using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were employed to correct for study specifics.ResultsTwenty-six studies were ultimately evaluated and data from 16 studies could be analyzed in the meta-analysis, which included the following outcomes: bone mineral density, bone volume, levels of cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen, histopathological arthritis score, and mechanical allodynia. For all considered outcome parameters, CT-treated groups were significantly superior to control groups (P = 0.002; P = 0.01; P ConclusionThere is preclinical evidence for an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, cartilage- and bone-protective effect of CT in RA and OA. Given these effects, CT presents a promising agent for the treatment of both diseases, although the potential seems to be greater in OA.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal salmon calcitonin in the treatment of osteoporosis. Methods Eight Chinese and English databases were searched by electronic search (from the establishment of the database to October 2019). The literature was screened according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, the quality was evaluated according to Cochrane software, and the Review Manager 5.2 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 374 documents were retrieved and 12 (12 original studies) were included after the screening, with a total sample capacity of 1068 cases. Meta-analysis showed that the intranasal salmon calcitonin had obvious advantages in reducing blood calcium, improving the ratio of serum creatinine and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, the intranasal salmon calcitonin had no obvious advantages in other indicators. It cannot be illustrated that the combination of intranasal salmon calcitonin and other conventional drugs is more effective than the simple use of conventional drugs. Conclusion The intranasal salmon calcitonin is superior to conventional drugs in reducing blood calcium, increasing creatinine ratio, and alkaline phosphatase, but its advantages in other indicators such as improving the bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebrae and hip have not been confirmed, and it is not clear that the combination of intranasal salmon calcitonin and other conventional drugs is better than the simple conventional drugs.

Abstract licence: CC BY 4.0