Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) 100mg/5ml solution for infusion vials
Requires a prescription from a doctor or prescriber
Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin.
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Safety monitoring data
Yellow Card reports
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Data from the MHRA Yellow Card scheme. A reported reaction does not necessarily mean the medicine caused it. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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EudraVigilance data is published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). A suspected adverse reaction is not necessarily caused by the medicine.
1 branded products available
Therapeutically similar medicines
Similarity based on WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and NHS BNF section grouping. Source data: NHS dm+d via TRUD (OGL v3.0), WHO ATC/DDD Index.
Clinical guidelines and formulary information
British National Formulary
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit)
Source: British National Formulary, NICE. Joint Formulary Committee. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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Supply & product information
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Pharmacy links redirect to the retailer's own search and do not represent real-time stock levels. emc (electronic medicines compendium) is operated by Datapharm Ltd. Shortage information sourced from NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS), sps.nhs.uk.
Codes for healthcare professionals and prescribing systems
These codes are used by healthcare IT systems and prescribers to identify this medicine.
NHS UK identifiers
Browse tools
SNOMED CT and dm+d codes from NHS TRUD (Technology Reference data Update Distribution), licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. BNF codes from NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA). ATC codes from the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (whocc.no).
Active and completed clinical studies from ClinicalTrials.gov
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data accessed via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Trial information is provided for research purposes and does not constitute medical advice.
Pharmacology and chemical data from DrugBank
Key facts
Drug status
Approved
Major interactions
None known
Half-life
2-3 days
Mechanism
Binds to multiple, T-cell specific antigens leading to T-lymphocyte cell death v…
Food interactions
None known
Human targets
9 targets
Data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Pharmacokinetics at a glance
Absorption
1 day
Half-life
2-3 days
Metabolism
Pharmacokinetic data: DrugBank · CC BY-NC 4.0
Known interactions with other medications. Always consult a healthcare professional.
Showing 50 of 680 interactions
How the body processes this drug — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Proteins and enzymes this drug interacts with in the body
PMID:19416870 PMID:23457030 PMID:22692454 PMID:23051753 PMID:24101382 PMID:23846752 PMID:26795251
In complex with B2M preferentially presents riboflavin-derived metabolites to semi-invariant TRAV1.2 TCRs on MAIT cells, guiding immune surveillance of the microbial metabolome at mucosal epithelial barriers .
PMID:20581831 PMID:24101382 PMID:24695216 PMID:26795251
Signature pyrimidine-based microbial antigens are generated via non-enzymatic condensation of metabolite intermediates of the riboflavin pathway with by-products arising from other metabolic pathways such as glycolysis. Typical potent antigenic metabolites are 5-(2-oxoethylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OE-RU) and 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), products of condensation of 5-amino-6-D-ribityaminouracil (5-A-RU) with glyoxal or methylglyoxal by-products, respectively .
PMID:24695216 PMID:32958637 PMID:32709702
May present microbial antigens to various TRAV1-2-negative MAIT cell subsets, providing for unique recognition of diverse microbes, including pathogens that do not synthesize riboflavin .
PMID:27527800 PMID:31113973
Upon antigen recognition, elicits rapid innate-type MAIT cell activation to eliminate pathogenic microbes by directly killing infected cells .
PMID:23846752 PMID:24695216 PMID:27527800
During T cell development, drives thymic selection and post-thymic terminal differentiation of MAIT cells in a process dependent on commensal microflora (By similarity). Acts as an immune sensor of cancer cell metabolome .
PMID:31959982
May present a tumor-specific or -associated metabolite essential for cancer cell survival to a 'pan-cancer' TCR consisting of TRAV38.2-DV8*TRAJ31 alpha chain paired with a TRBV25.1*TRBJ2.3 beta chain on a non-MAIT CD8-positive T cell clone (MC.7.G5), triggering T cell-mediated killing of a wide range of cancer cell types PMID:31959982
PMID:12196291
May play a critical role in the early events of T-cell activation and costimulation of naive T-cells, such as deciding between immunity and anergy that is made by T-cells within 24 hours after activation .
PMID:7527824
Also involved in the regulation of B cells function, plays a role in regulating the level of IgG(1) produced. Upon CD40 engagement, activates NF-kappa-B signaling pathway via phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation (By similarity)
Binding to this receptor results in down-modulation of previous state of cell activation triggered via antigen receptors on B-cells (BCR), T-cells (TCR) or via another Fc receptor. Isoform IIB1 fails to mediate endocytosis or phagocytosis. Isoform IIB2 does not trigger phagocytosis
PMID:11812992 PMID:15528364
Integrin ITGAL/ITGB2 is a receptor for the secreted form of ubiquitin-like protein ISG15; the interaction is mediated by ITGAL .
PMID:29100055
Involved in a variety of immune phenomena including leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction, cytotoxic T-cell mediated killing, and antibody dependent killing by granulocytes and monocytes. Contributes to natural killer cell cytotoxicity .
PMID:15356110
Involved in leukocyte adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes including T-cells and neutrophils .
PMID:11812992
Acts as a platform at the immunological synapse to translate TCR engagement and density of the ITGAL ligand ICAM1 into graded adhesion .
PMID:38195629
Required for generation of common lymphoid progenitor cells in bone marrow, indicating a role in lymphopoiesis (By similarity).
Integrin ITGAL/ITGB2 in association with ICAM3, contributes to apoptotic neutrophil phagocytosis by macrophages PMID:23775590
PMID:23125415
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling .
PMID:20682778
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to FGF1 and this binding is essential for FGF1 signaling .
PMID:18441324
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to FGF2 and this binding is essential for FGF2 signaling .
PMID:28302677
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling .
PMID:19578119
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to IGF2 and this binding is essential for IGF2 signaling .
PMID:28873464
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to IL1B and this binding is essential for IL1B signaling .
PMID:29030430
ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1 .
PMID:18635536 PMID:25398877
ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGAV:ITGB6 act as receptors for fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and mediate R-G-D-dependent cell adhesion to FBN1 .
PMID:12807887 PMID:17158881
Integrin alpha-V/beta-6 or alpha-V/beta-8 (ITGAV:ITGB6 or ITGAV:ITGB8) mediates R-G-D-dependent release of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) from regulatory Latency-associated peptide (LAP), thereby playing a key role in TGF-beta-1 activation .
PMID:15184403 PMID:22278742 PMID:28117447
ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for CD40LG .
PMID:31331973
ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for IBSP and promotes cell adhesion and migration to IBSP PMID:10640428
ATC L04AA04
Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
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Chemical identifiers
CAS, UNII, InChI Key and database cross-references
Linked compound data from DrugBank Open Data (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit)
Additional database identifiers
Drugs Product Database (DPD)
12118
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:4975
GeneCards
MR1
GenBank Gene Database
U22963
GenBank Protein Database
940354
UniProt Accession
HMR1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1705
GenAtlas
CD86
GeneCards
CD86
GenBank Gene Database
L25259
GenBank Protein Database
439839
Guide to Pharmacology
2745
UniProt Accession
CD86_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:3618
GenAtlas
FCGR2B
GeneCards
FCGR2B
GenBank Gene Database
U87560
GenBank Protein Database
4099445
UniProt Accession
FCG2B_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6148
GenAtlas
ITGAL
GeneCards
ITGAL
GenBank Gene Database
Y00796
GenBank Protein Database
31422
Guide to Pharmacology
2451
UniProt Accession
ITAL_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6150
GeneCards
ITGAV
GenBank Gene Database
M14648
GenBank Protein Database
340307
Guide to Pharmacology
2453
UniProt Accession
ITAV_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6153
GeneCards
ITGB1
GenBank Gene Database
X07979
GenBank Protein Database
31442
Guide to Pharmacology
2455
UniProt Accession
ITB1_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:6156
GenAtlas
ITGB3
GeneCards
ITGB3
GenBank Gene Database
J02703
GenBank Protein Database
306786
Guide to Pharmacology
2457
UniProt Accession
ITB3_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1634
GenAtlas
CD1A
GeneCards
CD1A
GenBank Gene Database
M28825
GenBank Protein Database
180036
UniProt Accession
CD1A_HUMAN
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
HGNC:1678
GenAtlas
CD4
GeneCards
CD4
GenBank Gene Database
BC025782
UniProt Accession
CD4_HUMAN
International reference pricing
Reference pricing from DrugBank. Prices are indicative and may not reflect current UK costs.
Source: DrugBank. Used under CC BY-NC 4.0 academic licence for non-commercial purposes.
DrugBank citations
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