Almond oil 5% / Lanolin anhydrous 1% cream

Xerosis cutis (dry skin) is a common and burdensome symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD). Topical emollients restore skin hydration and barrier function through the physicochemical properties of their nonactive constituents (e.g., glycerol, urea, lactic acid, liquid paraffin, petrolatum) and represent the mainstay of basic therapy for xerosis cutis associated with AD. Newer “emollients plus” containing active ingredients may expand the treatment options available to patients with AD; however, we believe that basic emollients remain an important strategy for the long‐term management of xerosis cutis. To that end, this article aims to review the clinical value of basic emollients for treating xerosis cutis in AD. We performed a series of literature searches to identify clinical studies of basic emollients containing one or more of the following ingredients: almond and coconut oils, amino acids, chondroitin, dexpanthenol, glucose, glycerol, glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, lactic acid, lanolin, olive oil, paraffin, petrolatum, phospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, pyroglutamic acid, squalene, triglycerides, urea, vegetable oils, and vitamin E. From these searches, the authors identified articles of interest that described the efficacy of basic emollients for the treatment of xerosis cutis associated with AD. Studies included in our review varied widely in terms of sample size, study design, interventions, and endpoints but collectively showed that most basic emollient formulations are safe and effective at improving objective and subjective measures of xerosis cutis. These studies also demonstrated the importance of ongoing emollient therapy to avoid xerosis relapse and the additive benefits of emollients that combine ingredients with complementary biophysical properties (e.g., glycerol with its humectant effect plus petrolatum with its occludent effect). Overall, the current body of literature reinforces the role of basic emollients as effective and accessible treatment options for the long‐term management of xerosis cutis in patients with AD.

Abstract licence: CC BY

BackgroundThe prevalence of lanolin contact allergy in dermatitis patients varies from 1.2% to 6.9%. Different lanolin derivatives are used in patch testing.ObjectivesTo determine which combination of lanolin derivatives is most effective in patch testing for the diagnosis of lanolin contact allergy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients patch tested between 2016 and 2017 was performed. Patients were eligible if they had been tested with lanolin alcohol 30% pet., Amerchol L101 50% pet., and a supplementary series containing other lanolin derivatives. Lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101 were tested in duplicate.ResultsOf 594 patients, 28.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.1%‐32.3%) had a positive patch test reaction to at least one lanolin derivative. Reactions to lanolin alcohol (14.7%, 95%CI: 11.3%‐18.2%) and Amerchol L101 (15.0%, 95%CI: 11.5%‐18.5%) were common in the routinely tested series. Reactions to other test preparations were significantly less frequent (P < 0.05). The addition of Amerchol L101 to lanolin alcohol significantly increased the number of positive cases (odds ratio 1.79, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe combination of lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101 is effective in patch testing for the diagnosis of lanolin contact allergy. Routinely testing with other lanolin derivatives may not be worthwhile, as it detects only a few additional patients.

Abstract licence: CC BY 4.0

A systematic approach was employed to formulate four different cream bases (F1 to F4) using various emollients, humectants, and penetration enhancers to assess their impact on physicochemical properties, skin compatibility, drug release behavior, and stability. Four different cream formulation was prepared using oil-in-water (O/W) or anhydrous cream technique, depending on the base type used like anhydrous base (F1), lanolin base(F2), Silicone base (F3) and Glycerine rich base (F4). All formulations were physically uniform with smooth textures and no evidence of phase separation. Among them, F3 exhibited the best uniformity, likely due to the inclusion of dimethicone and triglycerides, which improve texture and spread. pH of all batch creams had pH values ranging from 5.5 to 5.8, which is within the physiologically acceptable range for topical application. Spreadability values ranged from 6.8 to 8.6 g·cm/s, with F3 showing the highest spreadability. Cream consistency ranged from 46,500 to 58,000 cP, with F1 having the highest viscosity due to its wax-heavy base. F3 showed the lowest viscosity, drug release. F3 achieved the highest cumulative permeation of Mahonia aquifolium (52.7 ± 1.8 µg/cm²), highlighting the effectiveness of its base in facilitating skin penetration. F4 followed closely (46.5 ± 1.6 µg/cm²), while F1 showed the least permeation, attributed to its dense occlusive base. The optimized formulation, F3, underwent accelerated stability testing at 40°C for 3 months under ICH guidelines. The formulation was monitored for changes in pH, viscosity, spreadability, permeation, extrudability, and homogeneity. Drug release efficiency was maintained with negligible decline (52.7% to 51.8%), indicating no compromise in performance after storage. Extrudability remained consistent, indicating maintained usability

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND